Agomelatine, a melatonergic antidepressant with a rapid onset of action, is one of the most recent drugs in the antidepressant category. Agomelatine’s antidepressant actions are attributed to its sleep-promoting and chronobiotic actions mediated by MT1 and MT2 receptors present in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, as well as to its effects on the blockade of 5-HT2c receptors. Blockade of 5-HT2c receptors causes release of both noradrenaline and dopamine at the fronto-cortical dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways. The combined actions of agomelatine on MT1/MT2 and 5-HT2c receptors facilitate the resynchronization of altered circadian rhythms and abnormal sleep patterns. Agomelatine appeared to be effective in treating major depression. Moreover, evidence exists that points out a possible efficacy of such drug in the treatment of bipolar depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol dependence, migraines etc. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to elucidate current evidences on the role of agomelatine in disorders other than major depression. 相似文献
Results from both experimental measurements and 3D numerical simulations of Ground Source Heat Pump systems (GSHP) at a UK climate are presented. Experimental measurements of a horizontal-coupled slinky GSHP were undertaken in Talbot Cottage at Drayton St Leonard site, Oxfordshire, UK. The measured thermophysical properties of in situ soil were used in the CFD model. The thermal performance of slinky heat exchangers for the horizontal-coupled GSHP system for different coil diameters and slinky interval distances was investigated using a validated 3D model. Results from a two month period of monitoring the performance of the GSHP system showed that the COP decreased with the running time. The average COP of the horizontal-coupled GSHP was 2.5. The numerical prediction showed that there was no significant difference in the specific heat extraction of the slinky heat exchanger at different coil diameters. However, the larger the diameter of coil, the higher the heat extraction per meter length of soil. The specific heat extraction also increased, but the heat extraction per meter length of soil decreased with the increase of coil central interval distance. 相似文献
It is shown that reported doping functions for apparent band-gap narrowing (ABGN) in silicon that are written in the Slotboom and De Graaff's form (Slotboom, De Graaff, Solid-State Electron. 19 (1976) 857) can be set in the Dhariwal and Ojha's form (Dhariwal, Ojha, Solid-State Electron. 25 (1982) 909) at all dopings without any significant deviation in their capability of fitting the experimental data. The use of the Dhariwal and Ojha's form is preferable because it allows for a straightforward application of the depletion approximation in the non-uniformly doped regions of silicon devices like ion-implanted and diffused solar cells, facilitating the device performance modeling and analysis. This is demonstrated by an application to the internal spectral responses of two ion-implanted silicon solar cells and a comparison with a modeling method which does not use the depletion approximation. 相似文献
A series of dinuclear iron(III)I complexes supported by thioether‐triphenolate ligands have been prepared to attain highly Lewis acidic catalysts. In combination with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) they are highly active catalysts in the synthesis of cyclic organic carbonates through the coupling of carbon dioxide to epoxides with the highest initial turnover frequencies reported to date for the conversion of propylene oxide to propylene carbonate for iron‐based catalysts (5200 h−1; 120 °C, 2 MPa, 1 h). In particular, these complexes are shown to be highly selective catalysts for the coupling of carbon dioxide to internal oxiranes affording the corresponding cyclic carbonates in good yield and with retention of the initial stereochemical configuration. A density functional theory (DFT) investigation provides a rational for the relative high activity found for these Fe(III) complexes, showing the fundamental role of the hemilabile sulfur atom in the ligand skeleton to promote reactivity. Notably, in spite of the dinuclear nature of the catalyst precursor only one metal center is involved in the catalytic cycle.
PURPOSE: To study accuracy and safety, related to sensation (discomfort) and trauma, when using Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) on eyes wearing daily disposable soft contact lenses. METHODS: The intra-ocular pressure (IOP) of 136 normal eyes of 68 subjects was measured by Goldmann tonometer. Measurements were made in one eye with a contact lens (hilafilcon A) without anaesthetic drops and then without the contact lens using one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride. Each contact lens used was identical as to back optic zone, back vertex power. Standard Goldmann procedure only was used for the fellow eye of each subject. Subjective sensation (discomfort) responses to both procedures were studied in a subgroup (66 eyes) using a scale of discomfort, from 1 (no sensation) to 5 (highest sensation). Epithelial staining after tonometry was evaluated for this subgroup. RESULTS: No significant differences were found for the IOP with and without contact lens (t<1; p=0.63) for the IOP range studied. There was a good correlation between the two procedures (r=0.81; p<0.05). Lowest sensation was found with tonometry on the anaesthetized cornea; this condition was significantly different from other conditions (p<0.005). No difference was found among the other conditions (contact lens insertion, tonometry on contact lens and application of topical anaesthetic). Corneal epithelial staining following the standard tonometry procedure was significantly higher than following the procedure with a contact lens (p<0.00005). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of IOP by GAT over a daily disposable soft contact lens is accurate, compared to the standard procedure and within the IOP's normal range studied here. Also using a contact lens results in less trauma whilst discomfort is similar. 相似文献
A propagation programme for peaches and nectarines has been targeted to select genotypes having taste attributes such as high sugar levels and well-balanced sugar/acid ratios. The analytical measurements of some soluble sugars and nonvolatile acids were carried out using innovative analytical procedures based on fast and selective devices which require very little or no sample pre-treatment whatsoever. These devices have found a unique application in detecting fructose, glucose and malic acid for the improvement of fruit genetics.
The present study examines relationships between the analytical measurements of sugars and non-volatile acids and the sensory attributes (sweetness and sourness) of 21 peach and nectarine cultivars. Certain chemical parameters were correlated with the organoleptic acceptance of common commercial cultivars and recently introduced high and low-acid genotypes. Multivariate statistical analyses were found to be useful in describing the variability of the chemical and sensory parameters which characterise peach quality, as they enabled the identification of sets of variables that could be used to classify peaches and nectarines into high and low-acid categories. Malic and citric acids, minor components of these fruits, were important taste attributes as they contributed to the sensory perception of sourness. 相似文献