基于高速DSP的跳频通信系统设计

文章研究了跳频通信的实现方法,提出了一种基于高速DSP的跳频通信系统的硬件实现方案,详细给出了跳频控制模块的硬件设计、跳频同步方法、伪码的产生和部分电路设计。该系统可应用于短波和超短波跳频通信装备。     

Leveraging Bioinspired Structural Constraints for Tunable and Programmable Snapping Dynamics in High-Speed Soft Actuators

Creating high-speed soft actuators will have broad engineering and technological applications. Snapping provides a power-amplified mechanism to achieve rapid movements in soft actuators that typically show slow movements. However, precise control of snapping dynamics (e.g., speed and direction of launching or jumping) remains a daunting challenge. Here, a bioinspired design principle is presented that harnesses a reconfigurable constraint structure integrated into a photoactive liquid crystal elastomer actuator to enable tunable and programmable control over its snapping dynamics. By reconfiguring constrained fin-array-shaped structure, the snapping dynamics of the structured actuator, such as launching or jumping angle and height, motion speed, and release force can be on-demand tuned, thus enabling controllable catapult motion and programmable jumping. Moreover, the structured actuators exhibit a unique combination of ultrafast moving speed (up to 2.5 m s⁻¹ in launching and 0.22 m s⁻¹ in jumping), powerful ejection (long ejection distance of ≈20 cm, 35 mg ball), and high jumping height (≈8 cm, 40 times body lengths), which few other soft actuators can achieve. This study provides a new universal design paradigm for realizing controllable rapid movements and high-power motions in soft matter, which are useful for building high-performance soft robotics and actuation devices.     

An Artificial Motion and Tactile Receptor Constructed by Hyperelastic Double Physically Cross-Linked Silk Fibroin Ionoelastomer

Ionotronic artificial motion and tactile receptor (i-AMTR) is essential to realize an interactive human-machine interface. However, an i-AMTR that effectively mimics the composition, structure, mechanics, and multi-functionality of human skin, called humanoid i-AMTR, is yet to be developed. To bridge this technological gap, this study proposes a strategy that combines molecular structure design and function integration to construct a humanoid i-AMTR. Herein, a silk fibroin ionoelastomer (SFIE) with double cross-linked molecular structure is designed to mimic the composition and structure of human skin, thereby resolving the conflict of stretchability, softness, and resilience, suffered by many previously reported ionotronics. Functionally, electromechanical sensing and triboelectricity-based tactile perception are integrated into SFIE, to enable simultaneous perception of both motion and tactile inputs. By further leveraging the machine learning and Internet of Things (IoT) techniques, the proposed SFIE-based humanoid i-AMTR precisely senses the movement of human body and accurately sortball objects made of different materials. Notably, the success rate for 610 sorting tests reaches as high as 92.3%. These promising results essentially demonstrate a massive potential of humanoid i-AMTR in the fields of sorting robots, rehabilitation medicine, and augmented reality.     

高层建筑物的外墙清洗

为适应高层建筑物外墙清洗技术在我国迅速发展的形势特编写此文，文章主要介绍了高层建筑物外墙清洗的设备和方法。针对建筑物污垢的成分、结构，附着方式和外墙材料理化性质及结构，指出清洗剂一般采用表面活性剂和助剂配成的水基洗济剂。并详细介绍了具体的清洗剂配方。     

空冷风机U型螺栓断裂原因分析及解决

针对中国石油克拉玛依石化公司某柴油加氢改质装置空冷风机固定叶片的U型螺栓接连发生多起断裂失效事故开展研究分析,发现U型螺栓的断裂主要是由于叶片安装时U型螺栓预紧力不足使其长期在松弛状态下运行造成疲劳断裂。而U型螺栓内部也存在较高的应力区域、风机叶片共振等外部因素则加速了其断裂。通过采取将风机U型螺栓更换为夹板式固定螺栓、其余型号风机将叶片轴一阶定位改造为二阶双向定位、严格规范叶片安装角度及螺栓预紧力等一系列改造措施后,空冷风机U型螺栓断裂问题得到有效解决。改造后的空冷风机已安全平稳运行14 000 h,消除了空冷机组运行中的重大安全隐患,取得了较好的改造效果。     

大牛地气田气井无阻流量的确定方法研究

大牛地气田气井试井大多采用一点法，由于气层渗透性差，测试时间短，流压很难达到稳定，计算的无阻流量往往偏高，且无法获得正确的产能方程。通过气田多口井修正等时试井数据进行统计分析，获得了一点法试井在不同生产时间下计算无阻流量的经验公式；利用气田修正等时试井的二项式方程系数曰，计算惯性阻力系数并经过曲线回归处理获得了经验关系式，很好地解决了一点法试井计算产能方程的问题。     

具有底水边界的水平井压力不稳态特征分析及认识

根据水平井三维渗流特征，在底水油藏情形仍假定顶面为不渗透隔层所封闭，底部则是恒压边界，水平井渗流表现为早期径向流以及稳定流动期，由此进行常规试井分析。以TKxxDH井为例，通过水平井的静压、压恢试井资料结果的对比分析，阐述了不稳定试井资料的应用，为此类油藏油井模型的选择及效果评价提供了可借签的经验。     

新1井严重破碎带地层钻井技术难点及对策

新1井三开钻进时由于钻遇破碎带地层，井壁坍塌、掉块非常严重，造成卡钻事故并因此导致两次侧钻。为保证第二次侧钻顺利进行，结合三开钻遇地层的特点，分析了该井三开钻井的技术难点，并采取了针对性技术措施。安全钻穿了严重破碎带地层。新1井严重破碎带地层钻井实践为今后在严重破碎带地层安全钻井积累了经验。     

确定CO2最小混相压力的状态方程法

混相压力是确定油藏能否采用混相驱的重要依据,测定混相压力的最好方法是细管实验法,但室内实验法测定费时费力。基于细管实验的结果,结合“混相函数”的概念,提出了一种利用组分分割和组合的方法,即将C1^＋组分分割为几种以后,对利用修正的Redlich—kwong状态方程确定CO2最小混相压力的方法进行了研究和改进,克服了原方法中重组分临界值难以确定的缺点;同时提高了温度对计算结果的敏感性。计算结果与实验结果对比表明,确定的最小混相压力误差小于5％,充分证明该方法的有效性。     

焦炭塔结构的固有频率和振型研究

在传统的直立塔设备固有频率和振型的计算中,将塔设备简化为悬臂梁计算模型,但实际塔的薄壁圆筒结构与梁模型不符,为此对焦炭塔建立有限元分析模型进行模态分析,得到焦炭塔的固有频率和振型,计算分析表明,由于焦碳塔特殊的结构特点使得焦炭塔的振动特性与传统大型直立设备简化为悬臂梁计算模型所得振动特性相比有所不同,因此焦炭塔结构计算中在计及高阶振型与固有频率时,不宜简化为悬臂梁计算模型.