多元羧酸非甲醛DP整理的低磷和无磷催化剂

用1,2,3,4—丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)或柠檬酸(CA)类多元羧酸可使棉织物具有耐久压烫(DP)性。含磷的无机酸钠盐可被用作高温、快速酯化和交联的催化剂。磷酸盐、多磷酸盐、亚磷酸盐和次磷酸盐是已被考虑的四大类催化剂。根据固着的速度和完全度、织物的白度及DP整理后耐碱洗性,这些催化剂中最有效的是次磷酸钠。 但是,作为催化剂,次磷酸钠也有一些缺点。其价格高,在用硫化染料或某些活性染料染色时会产生色调变化,这是众所周知的。色调的变化显然是由于次磷酸钠对较为敏感的偶氮基因和含硫组分的还原作用所致。     

估计散射偏差的巴克斯平均法

声波和地震波之间的旅行时有一差值,通常称之为偏差,它是由多次散射和吸收引起的。根据声波测井资料计算合成地震记录就可直接估计散射位置。针对一组薄层,我们提出一种简单的有效弹性特征长波等效平均公式,它给出的旅行时延迟等同于散射的低频极限。另外,我们在频率相关时窗中应用该平均公式,使其应用频率高于有效初始条件所规定的值。然而,时     

糖厂酒精车间废液的处理——问题和展望

本文主要阐述糖厂酒精车间废液的处理问题和展望。本文作者认为:公害管理局提出的厌氧消化池的方法,不能产生稳定的和预期的结果,且难于达到印度标准局(I.S.I.)提出的排放标准。利用浓缩蒸馏废液作为富钾肥料与滤泥、炉灰、剩余蔗糖、蔗髓等一起制成混合肥料,明确地前供了一个较好的处理方法。     

对舰船电子战认识的提高

电子学在战争中的广泛而深入的应用几乎给其他一切导航、部队联络、通信、数据处理,威胁的侦察、定位和目标指示等手段罩上了一层阴影。电子技术和信息技术的蓬勃发展使指挥、控制和通信(C~3)手段成为可能。处理这些由新的探测器、导航系统、数据链来的微弱信息的能力正在得到迅速的提高。     

连铸机二次冷却系统的动态模型

连铸机二次冷却系统的动态模型［俄］Ｍ·Ｙｏｕｋｈｏｌａ１前言连铸机上铸坯的浇注质量在很大程度上取决于二次冷却。为了获得无缺陷的铸坯，必须根据与钢种、断面尺寸和机器结构有关的规定制度进行冷却。２拉阿赫茨克钢铁厂的动态模型在“拉乌塔录乌基”股份公司拉阿赫...     

用微地震法实现无源地震成像

我们研究了一种微地震信号处理方法,以实现记录站之下的地下构造的局部成像。该方法用垂向旅行的地震信号的自相关构成虚拟反射地震记录,以便对地下构造进行解释。对取自夏威夷岛微地震记录进行处理后得到的虚拟反射数据。显示出一致的反射系数模式,它可解释成表层水平特性。对虚拟反射数据     

Color quantitation through image processing in dermatology

Classical color models and their applications to computer vision are reviewed. The performances of color quantitation from digitized images are compared with those derived from a chromameter. The color quantitation obtained from either digitized color slides or directly digitized images is proved to be more efficient than the conventional visual assessment of observers. A methodology is proposed for determining the specific color indices which are needed in dermatology. An application of this methodology is developed for designing a blanching quantitation index in order to replace the visual assessment during McKenzie tests.     

Neuromagnetic localization using magnetic resonance images

Ionic flow associated with neural activation of the brain produces a magnetic field, called the neuromagnetic field, that can be measured outside the head using a highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based neuromagnetometer. Under certain conditions, the sources producing the neuromagnetic field can be localized from a sampling of the neuromagnetic field. Neuromagnetic measurements alone, however, do not contain sufficient information to visualize brain structure. Thus, it is necessary to combine neuromagnetic localization with an anatomical imaging technique such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize both function and anatomy in vivo. Using experimentally measured human neuromagnetic fields and magnetic resonance images, the authors have developed a technique to register accurately these two modalities and have applied the registration procedure to portray the spatiotemporal distribution of neural activity evoked by auditory stimulation.