Results for a statistically optimal algorithm for multimedia receiver buffers

For interactive multimedia and multimedia streams, receiver playout buffers are required to smooth network delay variations. Instead of using a constant playout speed, newer receiver buffer algorithms control the playout speed, which can give a lower end-to-end delay and fewer packets that are lost because of late arrivals. This paper presents a statistically optimal algorithm to control playout speed. The most significant difference to other published playout speed adjusting algorithms is the thorough mathematical approach that this work is based on. A stringent notation and stringent mathematical models of the media receiver system have been developed, which are generic and independent of the networks and protocols used. This has enabled us to deduce the statistically optimal controller for the playout speed, which is also independent of the networks and protocols used. Three deviations from perfect playout have been identified: (i) buffering delay (ii) a playout rate different from the sender rate and (iii) a change of playout rate. Our approach is statistically optimal by minimising the three deviations, based on their relative importance. The importance will vary for different user and application requirements, and is thus freely tunable by means of three weight factors. The optimal control algorithm is easy to implement and has demonstrated very good results when evaluated by perceptual evaluation of speech quality, an objective technique for measuring voice quality, and degradation mean opinion score, a subjective listening test, for both simulated and real network measurement traces.     

Synthesis of H2SO4 doped polyaniline film by potentiometric method

H₂SO₄ doped polyaniline films were synthesized in aqueous acidic media. The polyaniline film deposited on platinum electrode exhibits highest conductivity. The conductivity of each H₂SO₄ doped polyaniline sample was determined by the four-probe technique. The current-voltage curve exhibits that polyaniline sample has an ohmic behaviour. Experiments were conducted to establish the conductivity of the sample from room temperature to 110°C. The current was set constant. It has been observed that at lower current as well as higher current conductivity of the polyaniline sample is due to the electrons transferred to the conduction band. It is observed that the concentration ratio of 0.2:1 of aniline and H₂SO₄ for synthesis of PANI film on platinum electrode shows good conductivity.     

Roasted garlic protects against leaky gut syndrome in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mice

Food Science and Biotechnology - Garlic (Allium sativum) is a potentially beneficial functional food that is extensively grown around the globe. We have investigated the effect of roasted garlic on...     

Biogenic gold nanoparticles as fotillas to fire berberine hydrochloride using folic acid as molecular road map

Use of biologically modified gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as molecular vehicle to ferry potential anti-cancer drug berberine hydrochloride (BHC) using folic acid (FA) as targeting molecule is reported in this work. A tropical fruit peel, Trapa bispinosa is used to fabricate highly monodispersed GNPs, passivated with essential functional groups which were used as linkers to attach FA and BHC via amide linkage. Flocculation Parameter (FP) of biologically synthesized GNPs was calculated under different salt concentrations which were found to be very ideal under a physiological condition. Various statistical models were used to find drug release profile out of which Higuchi was found to be the most ideal. GNP–FA–BHC complexes were found to be active against folic acid expressing HeLa cells.     

Magnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrites prepared by microwave sintering method

The effect of zinc ion substitution for nickel on structural and magnetic properties of NiZn ferrites is reported. The spinel ferrite system Ni_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄ with x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 was prepared by microwave sintering method. The uniaxially pressed samples were sintered at various temperatures such as 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C for 30 min. X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples indicate the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure. SEM micrographs show that grain size increases with increasing zinc content and sintering temperature. The elemental composition of these ferrites was analyzed by EDS. Lattice constant increases with increase in zinc content, obeying Vegard’s law. The effect of composition and sintering temperature on initial permeability as the function of frequency and temperature was studied. The initial permeability of NiZn ferrite increases greatly with increasing Zn content and sintering temperature. The dependence of initial permeability with respect to temperature shows the decrease in the Curie point with increase in zinc content, is the normal behavior of ferrites. The relative loss factor (tand

Viburnum mullaha D. DON fruit (Indian cranberry): A potential source of polyphenol with rich antioxidant,anti-elastase,anti-collagenase,and anti-tyrosinase activities

Viburnum mullaha (Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don), is an underexplored wild edible fruit of Indian Himalayan region, analyzed for total polyphenol contents, antioxidant, anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-tyrosinase activities using in vitro assays. High values of total phenolic contents of 1257 ± 40 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g fruit weight and total flavonoid contents of 3501 ± 203 mg catechin equivalents/100 g fruit weight were observed. V. mullaha fruit extracts showed outstanding antioxidant activities (ABTS⁺, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, linoleate peroxyl radicals scavenging, and ferric reducing activities) and remarkable anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-tyrosinase activities. High resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy analysis revealed presence of 15 phenolic compounds, namely, chlorogenic acid, acetyl salicylic acid, dihydrorobinetin, dihydromyricetin, 2-isoprenylemodin, rutin, cosmosiin hexaacetate, pectolinarin, dihydroquercetin, eriodictyol, iriginol hexaacetate, theaflavin, epicatechin-pentaacetate, lomatin, and peucenin in fruit extracts. This study recommends utilization of V. mullaha fruit as functional food with prospective pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical properties.     

Applications of high-temperature superconductors to the power sector in developing countries

Developing countries imported power equipment worth US$25 billion in 1986, and their power requirements are expected to rise well into the 21st century. Therefore, a global view needs to be taken while according priorities for superconductivity research to the power sector. The scale of the power applications, feasibility of which is earlier established for low temperature superconductors, may have to be reduced if they have to be relevant for the developing countries (e.g., superconducting power generators of 100–500 MW, storage of 500–2000 MWh, and transmission lines of about 100–400 KVA). Fortunately, due to the easier availability of coolant (LN) and ceramics, there could be greater efforts in R & D and, therefore, faster progress.Paper presented at the workshop on novel applications of high temperature superconductors, Salem, Massachusetts, June 22–24, 1988.