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81.
Mahdi Abdollahi Mohammad Reza Yousefi Maral Ghahramani Heidar Ranjbar Fardin Seyyed Najafi 《Iranian Polymer Journal》2017,26(1):1-10
Emulsion polymerization of the butadiene (Bu) was performed in the presence of disproportionate potassium rosinate (DPR) as anionic emulsifier, potassium hydroxide (KOH), and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as electrolytes, and three different initiators including potassium persulfate (KPS), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA, also known as VAZO) at 70 °C. Latexes were prepared with a solid content of about 30 wt%. The particle size and its distribution were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, while the polymerization conversion was determined gravimetrically at different time intervals. Results on the emulsion polymerization of Bu in the presence of KOH and K2CO3 co-electrolytes showed that adding KOH to the reaction media decreases the polymerization rate. Positive effect of co-electrolytes on the control over polybutadiene latex (PBL) particles size and its distribution was also confirmed, where K2CO3 played roles as electrolyte and pH buffer and KOH served double roles as electrolyte and alkaline supplier of the reaction media. Complete solubility of the AIBN in Bu resulted in higher rate of polymerization in the presence of AIBN in comparison to other initiators, i.e., VAZO or KPS. The results showed that initiator type plays a significant role on the formation of PBL nanoparticles and kinetics of the polymerization. The kinetic studies revealed that emulsion polymerization of Bu follows case 1 (i.e., \(\bar{n}\) ?0.5, where \(\bar{n}\) indicates average number of the propagating chains per particle) of the Smith-Ewart kinetics. 相似文献
82.
为研究真空感应熔炼炉的真空度对Ni-Fe-Cr基合金力学性能的影响,在不同真空度条件下制备 4 个样品。化学分析结果表明:在氩气保护气氛下,Al和Ti的损耗较多,而在真空条件下其损耗较少。气体分析结果表明:样品中氧和氮的含量随真空度的增加而降低。而在更高的真空度下,样品中的氧和氮则没有损耗。热力学计算表明:由于平衡的氧含量值较低,TiO2和Al2O3生成的可能性高。高真空度使合金的拉伸强度和屈服强度降低,但是由于少量的杂质以及Al和Ti的损耗,合金的伸长率和断面收缩率增加。此外,提高真空度使合金由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。 相似文献
83.
Tungsten and aluminum elemental powders with composition W–20 wt.% Al were mechanical alloyed in high energy planetary ball mill. Structural and morphological changes of powder particles after different milling times were studied by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. Mechanical alloying of this system led to the formation of W–Al alloy as a result of formation of W/Al layered microstructure having faceted interface between layers. This alloy indicated high microhardness value of about 570 Hv. 相似文献
84.
Ali IZADI GHAHFEROKHI Masoud KASIRI-ASGARANI Kamran AMINI Mahdi RAFIEI Reza EBRAHIMI-KAHRIZSANGI 《中国有色金属学会会刊》2022,32(3):908-926
研究使用不同的中间层瞬时液相连接两种异种高温合金的适用性.在1100℃、不同时间下瞬时液相连接GTD-111/IN-718体系,研究BNi-2、BNi-3和BNi-9三种类型的中间层对该体系显微组织和力学性能的影响.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱技术,研究接头区域的成分变化和显微组织.结果表明,非热凝固区Ni3... 相似文献
85.
86.
Mahdi Moshref-Javadi Seyed Hossein Seyedein Mohammad Taghi Salehi Mohammad Reza Aboutalebi 《Acta Materialia》2013,61(7):2583-2594
Abnormal multi-stage transformations have already been studied in binary Ni-rich NiTi alloys. In this research, this kind of transformation was investigated in a low supersaturated Ni-rich ternary NiTiHf high-temperature shape memory alloy by aging at intermediate temperatures for various durations. Meticulous examinations of the results of differential scanning calorimetry tests demonstrated the heterogeneous precipitation of (Ti,Hf)3Ni4 particles and the three-stage transformation (one-stage R and two-stage B19′) in the aged alloy. Aging provided a significant rise in transformation temperatures (TTs) until they reached their equilibrium states, corresponding to the equilibrium Ni content at each aging temperature. Equilibrium TTs were higher when aging was performed at a lower temperature. The remarkable increase in TTs was compared with those in aged Ni-rich NiTi alloys, and discussed based on the variation in valence electron concentration. A model was also proposed for the microstructural evolution during aging. Furthermore, aging provided enhanced hardness and strain recovery for the alloy. In particular, aging at a lower temperature resulted in a considerable improvement in hardness and shape recovery, which was discussed based on the microstructural changes in the aged alloy. Equilibrium Ni content at each aging temperature proved to be a crucial parameter in controlling the alloy properties, even in heterogeneous precipitations. 相似文献
87.
Mahdi Pourafshari Chenar Houman Savoji Mohammad Soltanieh Takeshi Matsuura Shahram Tabe 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2010,27(6):1876-1881
Impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, water vapor and heavy hydrocarbons in natural gas have considerable effects on the membrane
performance. Small amounts of condensable and polymer soluble components in the feed gas cause swelling or plasticization
of glassy membranes, leading to a reduction in membrane selectivity. In the present research the influence of ethane was investigated
on the permeance and selectivity of two commercially available hollow fiber membranes, namely Cardo-type polyimide and PPO
hollow fibers for CO2/CH4 separations. It was concluded that the gas mixture permeation rate was increased in the presence of C2H6. However, the CO2/CH4 separation factors remained almost the same in the presence and absence of the C2H6. 相似文献
88.
Jaber Jahanbin Sardroodi Seyed Masood Seyed Ahmadian Gholam Reza Pazuki Moayad Hossaini Sadr Mahdi Esmaili 《Calphad》2006
The osmotic coefficient of the solution, activity of the solvent and activity coefficient of the solute in solutions of 1- and 2-naphthol in methanol and ethanol have been measured by the isopiestic method. The experimental osmotic coefficient data were correlated using the Non-Random Two Liquid model (NRTL), the Non-Random Factor model (NRF), the two suffix Margules equation and a polynomial in terms of the molality of the solute. The models give reliable results for the correlation of the osmotic coefficient data. The activity coefficients of 1- and 2-naphthol were evaluated according to the considered methods using the parameters obtained by the correlation of osmotic coefficients. 相似文献
89.
Mohamed Haouari Anis Gharbi Mahdi Jemmali 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2006,13(6):529-548
We address the problem of minimizing makespan on identical parallel machines. We propose new lower bounding strategies and heuristics for this fundamental scheduling problem. The lower bounds are based on the so‐called lifting procedure. In addition, two optimization‐based heuristics are proposed. These heuristics require iteratively solving a subset‐sum problem. We present the results of computational experiments that provide strong evidence that the new proposed lower and upper bounds consistently outperform the best bounds from the literature. 相似文献
90.
Mahdi Tavakoli Arash Aziminejad Rajni V Patel Mehrdad Moallem 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2007,37(6):1512-1528
In master-slave teleoperation applications that deal with a delicate and sensitive environment, it is important to provide haptic feedback of slave/environment interactions to the user's hand as it improves task performance and teleoperation transparency (fidelity), which is the extent of telepresence of the remote environment available to the user through the master-slave system. For haptic teleoperation, in addition to a haptics-capable master interface, often one or more force sensors are also used, which warrant new bilateral control architectures while increasing the cost and the complexity of the teleoperation system. In this paper, we investigate the added benefits of using force sensors that measure hand/master and slave/environment interactions and of utilizing local feedback loops on the teleoperation transparency. We compare the two-channel and the four-channel bilateral control systems in terms of stability and transparency, and study the stability and performance robustness of the four-channel method against nonidealities that arise during bilateral control implementation, which include master-slave communication latency and changes in the environment dynamics. The next issue addressed in the paper deals with the case where the master interface is not haptics capable, but the slave is equipped with a force sensor. In the context of robotics-assisted soft-tissue surgical applications, we explore through human factors experiments whether slave/environment force measurements can be of any help with regard to improving task performance. The last problem we study is whether slave/environment force information, with and without haptic capability in the master interface, can help improve outcomes under degraded visual conditions. 相似文献