Electron transport in dye-sanitized solar cell with tin-doped titanium dioxide as photoanode materials

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Pure and tin-incorporated TiO2 (Sn-TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared utilizing photolysis method. Field emission-scanning electron...     

Determination of trap density-of-states distribution of nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous carbon composite films

Thin films comprising nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous-carbon(UNCD/a-C∶H)composite films were experimentally investigated.The prepared films were grown on Si substrates by the coaxial arc plasma de-position method.They were characterized by temperature-dependent capacitance-frequency measurements in the temperat-ure and frequency ranges of 300-400 K and 50 kHz-2 MHz,respectively.The energy distribution of trap density of states in the films was extracted using a simple technique utilizing the measured capacitance-frequency characteristics.In the measured tem-perature range,the energy-distributed traps exhibited Gaussian-distributed states with peak values lie in the range:2.84×1016-2.73×1017 eV-1 cm-3 and centered at energies of 120-233 meV below the conduction band.These states are generated due to a large amount of sp2-C and π-bond states,localized in GBs of the UNCD/a-C∶H film.The attained defect parameters are accommodating to understand basic electrical properties of UNCD/a-C∶H composite and can be adopted to suppress defects in the UNCD-based materials.     

Electrocoalescence of binary water droplets falling in oil: Experimental study

The approaching movement and consequent coalescence of binary water droplets falling in stagnant oil and exposed to an external electric field are investigated using a high speed camera. Different situation of the droplets and electric field intensities are applied in the experiments. The qualitative results of the experimental observations are exhibited through the scaled images of the binary droplets snapshots in milliseconds. Furthermore, different approaching trends of the droplets are presented as quantitative plots and discussed based on the theoretical electrostatic and hydrodynamic models. The effect of the applied voltage amplitude, initial distance of the drop pair, and skew angle of the electric field are investigated. The experimental results prove the electrostatic theories; as acceleration in electrocoalescence demonstrated using a stronger electric field as well as closer distance between the droplets. It was also revealed that the skew angle of the electric field decelerates the electrocoalescence until alignment of the droplets.     

Collaboration networks of arab biomedical researchers

Social networks (SN) consist of a set of actors and connections between them. A collaboration network (ColNet) is a special type of SN, in which the actors represent researchers and the link between them indicate that they have co-authored at least one paper. ColNet analysis reveals how researchers interact and behave. A wide range of applications can be based on such studies. The current works on ColNet usually focus on a specific domain/discipline, country/geographical region or time interval. In our study, we focus on one of the understudied regions (the Arab world), and present a novel study on the ColNet of researchers in this region. The domain of interest in our study is biomedicine. We construct, analyze, and study ColNet of biomedical researchers in the Arab world. We divide the region of interest (the Arab world) into four geographical regions and look into the evolution of ColNet of each region separately over time. Our analysis reveals that there is an increase in the number of both authors and publications over time, and that authors tend to work in increasingly larger groups rather than working individually, which is consistent with what is assumed about the nature of research in this field. Our analysis also reveals that a researcher’s productivity is correlated with the amount of change in his/her circle of collaborators over time. For example, researchers working in stable or fixed groups and researchers who have completely different research group every few years are not necessarily the most productive ones.

     

Modified parameter-setting-free harmony search (PSFHS) algorithm for optimizing the design of reinforced concrete beams

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - The design of RC members with nontraditional methods is demanding due to the large number of unknown variables inherent in the design process. The...     

Preparation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene membrane: Investigation of solvent/nonsolvent type and additive concentration

In the present study, preparation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) membrane was investigated via phase inversion method. ABS membrane is sensitive to preparation conditions. Therefore, the effect of solvent/nonsolvent type and concentration of additive and ABS was evaluated on the morphology, tensile strength and car wash wastewater treatment. Polyethylene glycol was used as an additive. The results show that nonsolvent type significantly affects the morphology and consequently the flux and rejections of the pollution indices. Increasing concentration of additive and ABS in the casting solution leads to formation of denser and thinner membranes that have lower flux and higher rejections of the pollution indices.     

α-MnO2 Nanorods’ Magnetocaloric Effect for Hydrogen Liquefaction

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - The magnetocaloric (MC) effect of α-MnO2 nanorods is predicted using a phenomenological model. The magnetization vs. temperature simulation...     

Bio-Cyber Interface Parameter Estimation with Neural Network for the Internet of Bio-Nano Things

Wireless Personal Communications - Recently, there is growing interest in the Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) based on biological communication with the advent of communication engineering and...