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41.
Effect of processing conditions on porosity formation in cold gas dynamic spraying of copper 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Saden H. Zahiri Darren Fraser Stefan Gulizia Mahnaz Jahedi 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2006,15(3):422-430
The cold gas dynamics process is a promising low-temperature spray process in which particles are accelerated in a supersonic
flow before impacting with substrate to be coated. In this study the effect of spray temperature, spray pressure, and particle
size on porosity formation in cold spray coatings are investigated. Results show that an increase in spray temperature and
a decrease in particle size lead to a decline in volume fraction of porosity. Furthermore, particle velocity and particle
temperature are determined to be the significant parameters for elimination of porosity. A model is proposed for estimation
of the volume fraction of porosity for alloy of this study. 相似文献
42.
Zero‐Trans Cake Shortening: Formulation and Characterization of Physicochemical,Rheological, and Textural Properties
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Zahra Saghafi Mohammad Hossein Naeli Mahnaz Tabibiazar Azizollaah Zargaraan 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2018,95(2):171-183
Cake shortening is an important ingredient that imparts taste and texture in the cake as the final product. Hydrogenated shortenings contain high amounts of trans fatty acids, which is considered a risk factor for obesity, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. In this research, chemically interesterified blends of canola oil (CO) and palm stearin (PS) were recruited in order to formulate zero‐trans shortening, specifically for cake application. The optimization of shortening formulation was performed by Design‐Expert software, considering melting, congelation, textural, and rheological properties of cake shortening as responses. The formulated shortening in the weight ratio of 66.41:33.58 (PS:CO) (%, w/w) was analyzed and compared with two commercial cake shortenings in terms of fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition, slip melting point (SMP), solid fat content (SFC), and rheological and textural properties. The results showed that the formulated zero‐trans cake shortening with 0.2% trans, 47.2% saturated fatty acids, SMP of 40.9 °C, SFC of 10.51% at 37 °C, firmness of 1522.5 g, and linear viscoelastic range of 0.035% had the most acceptable criteria among cake‐shortening samples. The findings of this study offer insights into the relationship between shortening functionality and physicochemical properties and serve as a base for future studies on zero‐trans shortenings formulation. 相似文献
43.
Mahnaz Shahverdi Bahareh Baheri Mashallah Rezakazemi Elahe Motaee Toraj Mohammadi 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2013,53(7):1487-1493
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/zeolite 4A mixed matrix composite membranes supported on polypropylene microfiltration membranes were prepared by solution casting method and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde to investigate their pervaporation (PV) separation properties of water–ethylene glycol mixtures. Scanning electron microscopy images showed homogeneous distribution of zeolite nanoparticles within the polymer matrix without any visible macroscopic voids at the zeolite–polymer interface. The PV experiments were accomplished to investigate the effects of water concentration (10–40 wt%) and temperature (60–80°C) on separation performance of the membranes. It was found out that 5 wt% loading of the 4A nanoparticles into the PVA matrix is optimal to obtain the best separation performance. The experimental results revealed that loading of zeolite 4A enhanced the membrane performance [both permeation flux (5%) and separation factor (32%) at 5 wt% zeolite loading]. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
44.
Peter C. King Saden H. Zahiri Mahnaz Z. Jahedi 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2008,17(2):221-227
Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet/aluminum composite coatings were produced by cold spray deposition. Isotropic Nd2Fe14B powder was blended with aluminum powder to make mixtures of 20-80 vol.% Nd2Fe14B, and these mixtures were sprayed at temperatures of 200-480 °C. The hard Nd2Fe14B particles tended to fracture and fragment upon impact, while aluminum underwent severe plastic deformation, eliminating
pores, and trapping Nd2Fe14B within the coating. It was found that higher spray temperatures and finer Nd2Fe14B particle sizes improved the retention rate of Nd2Fe14B within the composite structure. This was explained from a contact mechanics viewpoint by calculating the effect of process
parameters on the rebound momentum of Nd2Fe14B particles. The magnetic properties of Nd2Fe14B remained unaffected by the cold spray process. 相似文献
45.
Mahnaz M. Abdi Anuar Kassim H. N. M. Ekramul Mahmud Wan Mahmood Mat Yunus Zainal Abidin Talib Amir R. Sadrolhosseini 《Journal of Materials Science》2009,44(14):3682-3686
This work studies the electrical and optical properties of the conducting polymer composite films of polypyrrole–chitosan
(PPy–CHI). The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was used to study the optical properties of PPy and PPy–CHI composite
films. Then, the values of the real and imaginary parts of the refractive indexes of PPy and PPy–CHI films were obtained by
nonlinear least square fitting using Fresnel equations for a three-layer system of SPR system. The electrical conductivity
measurements showed that the conductivity of the electrochemical prepared films improved in the presence of CHI and can be
controlled by varying the CHI amount in the composite. The thermal diffusivity of the PPy–CHI composite films was measured
by open photoacoustic spectroscopy and it has been shown that the thermal diffusivity is related to the electron migration
in the conjugation chain length. The increase in electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) with the increase
in electrical conductivity of the films is mostly from shielding by reflection rather than absorption. 相似文献
46.
The theory of photoelasticity is used to study analytically the effects of T-stress on the fringe patterns around the crack tip in mode II crack specimens. The locus of an isochromatic fringe determined
by taking into account the T-stress is compared with the locus of a fringe with no T-stress. It is shown for mode II cracks that in the presence of T-stress, the fringe loops are neither symmetric nor continuous. Asymmetric and discontinuous fringe patterns predicted in
this paper are consistent with the experimental results observed previously in photoelasticity tests. 相似文献
47.
Hanie Hashtroudi Rajesh Kumar Raluca Savu Stanislav Moshkalev Go Kawamura Atsunori Matsuda Mahnaz Shafiei 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(10):7653-7665
A novel microwave assisted two-dimensional (2D) hybrid material based on nanostructured reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped with Pd nanoparticles (Pd/rGO) has been synthesised to investigate its hydrogen sensing performance at different operational conditions. The sensing performance has been evaluated at various operating temperatures (room temperature up to 120 °C), hydrogen concentrations (up to 1%), and relative humidity (up to ~44%). The material characterization of the hybrid Pd/rGO analysed by different techniques which confirms homogeneous distribution of Pd NPs (<35 nm) on the multi-layered porous structure of the rGO nanosheets (NSs) and forming the hybrid Pd/rGO NSs. Moreover, the fundamental hydrogen sensing mechanism as well as recovery enhancement by ultraviolet (UV) light are investigated. This work offers an environmentally friendly and energy-saving synthesis approach for hydrogen sensing with excellent control over experimental parameters which can lead to fabrication of a highly selective and sensitive hydrogen sensor. 相似文献
48.
Saden H. Zahiri Christian I. Antonio Mahnaz Jahedi 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(2):922-929
Cold gas dynamic spray (cold spray) is a deposition technology in which particles achieve supersonic velocities. Commercial purity titanium (CP Ti) is directly fabricated to exploit the potential for cold spray to be utilised as a new fabrication technology. Deposition parameters for elimination of porosity were identified. Results show that using helium as the deposition gas has a significant influence on the elimination of pores. The volume fraction of porosity decreased with a decrease in the distance between the nozzle and the substrate. Furthermore, a decrease in average particle size led to a reduction in porosity of the deposited material. The results show that the directly fabricated CP Ti exhibits a higher hardness compared with wrought CP Ti. Optimisation of cold spray parameters led to a significant reduction of pores in directly fabricated parts. 相似文献
49.
Mitra MAHDAVI‐MAZDEH Mozafar ZAMANI Mahnaz ZAMYADI Hamid RAJOLANI Keyvan TAJBAKHSH Alireza HEIDARY ROUCHI Mahammad AGHIGHI Azita MAHDAVI 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2008,12(4):492-498
The purpose of this study was to assess the health service cost of hemodialysis (HD) delivered at hospitals in Iran as a developing country with a well‐defined program of renal replacement therapy. A cost analysis was performed from the viewpoint of the 2 hospitals, with 3 shifts and full chairs, on current practice for dialysis maintenance. Cost and patient data were collected in 2006 and from April 1 to May 31, 2007, respectively. A total of 22,464 HD sessions were performed and 247 patients were studied during the study period. The reference year for the value of USD for different mentioned costs was 2006. Health care sector costs associated with each HD session were estimated at US$78.87. Most of the total maintenance expenditure was made up of medical supplies (36.19%), with dialyzers as the major cost driver. Staff salaries represented 17% of the cost and fixed direct capital costs accounted for 21.4%. Of the family members, 32.4% accompanied their patients. The mean cost for transportation of patients and accompanied person was US$3.15 ± 2.83 and US$1.5 ± 0.29, respectively. These findings are important in the light of limited available resources coupled with the increasing prevalence of kidney failure. A major attempt should also be made to increase peritoneal dialysis coverage as in some centers we cannot keep all chairs full, especially in some vast areas. It is highly recommended to place initial focus on strategies and treatments that slow disease progression, to postpone renal replacement therapy to save resources. 相似文献
50.
Wanek JM Mori M Shahidi M 《Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision》2007,24(5):1296-1304
The effect of increased high-order wavefront aberrations on image resolution was investigated, and the performance of adaptive optics (AO) for correcting wavefront error in the presence of increased light scatter was assessed in a model eye. An AO section imaging system provided an oblique view of a model retina and incorporated a wavefront sensor and deformable mirror for measurement and compensation of wavefront aberrations. Image resolution was quantified by the width of a Lorentzian curve fitted to a laser line image. Wavefront aberrations were significantly reduced with AO, resulting in improvement of image resolution. In the model eye, image resolution was degraded with increased high-order wavefront aberrations (horizontal coma and spherical) and improved with AO correction of wavefront error in the presence of increased light scatter. The findings of the current study suggest that AO imaging systems can potentially improve image resolution in aging eyes with increased aberrations and scatter. 相似文献