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141.
Makoto Togo Akimasa TakamuraTatsuya Asai Hirokazu KajiMatsuhiko Nishizawa 《Journal of power sources》2008
An enzyme-based glucose/O2 biofuel cell was constructed within a microfluidic channel to study the influence of electrode configuration and fluidic channel height on cell performance. The cell was composed of a bilirubin oxidase (BOD)-adsorbed O2 cathode and a glucose anode prepared by co-immobilization of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), diaphorase (Dp) and VK3-pendant poly-l-lysine. The consumption of O2 at the upstream cathode protected the downstream anode from interfering O2 molecules, and consequently improved the cell performance (maximum cell current) ca. 10% for the present cell. The cell performance was also affected by the channel height. The output current and power of a 0.1 mm-height cell was significantly less than those of a 1 mm-height cell because of the depletion of O2, as determined by the shape of the E–I curve at the cathode. On the other hand, the volume density of current and power was several times higher for the narrower cell. 相似文献
142.
Ludwik Blaz Makoto Sugamata Junichi Kaneko Jakub Sobota Grzegorz Wloch Wlodzimierz Bochniak Anna Kula 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(9):4329-4336
Experiments on mechanical consolidation of rapidly solidified (RS) powder of 6061 + 26 mass% Si alloy were performed using the oscillating-die extrusion method. The RS powder was wrapped in thin-wall 6061-alloy cup 35 mm in diameter and vacuum-compressed by means of 100 ton press. Bars 8 mm in diameter were extruded with cross-section reduction of λ = 19 without any preheating of the charge. Tubes with a diameter/wall thickness of 14 mm/1 mm and cross-section reduction of λ = 33 were also manufactured with success. TEM/STEM observations revealed a very fine structure of as-extruded material and bimodal distribution of quasi-spherical silicon particles. Statistical analysis revealed a silicon fine fraction of 0.1–0.7 μm and a coarse fraction 2.1–2.5 μm in diameter. Examination by means of TEM did not reveal any significant changes in the morphology of the silicon particles, even when a high extrusion ratio and the material annealing after deformation were used. Hot compression tests on as-extruded rods (λ = 19) and preliminary annealed samples were performed at a constant true strain rate of 5 × 10?3 s?1 within the temperature range of 293–823 K. High strength of the material and relatively high ductility of samples deformed by compression up to ?t ? 0.4 were observed. The maximum flow stress value for as-extruded material was reduced with deformation temperature from ~390 to ~3.5 MPa for 293 and 823 K, respectively. Annealing of the samples at 773 K/30 min was found to reduce the maximum flow stress by 30–40%. Tensile strengths of similar as-cast alloys and materials manufactured by means of other powder metallurgy methods were shown for the purpose of comparison. 相似文献
143.
Kazunori Kageyama Yasumasa Iwasaki Yutaka Watanuki Kanako Niioka Makoto Daimon 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(11)
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is stimulated in response to stress. When activated, it is suppressed by the negative feedback effect of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids directly inhibit proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) gene expression in the pituitary. Glucocorticoid signaling is mediated via glucocorticoid receptors, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, and the FK506-binding immunophilins, Fkbp4 and Fkbp5. Fkbp4 and Fkbp5 differentially regulate dynein interaction and nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor, resulting in modulation of the glucocorticoid action. Here, we explored the regulation of Fkbp4 and Fkbp5 genes and their proteins with dexamethasone, a major synthetic glucocorticoid drug, in murine AtT-20 corticotroph cells. To elucidate further roles of Fkbp4 and Fkbp5, we examined their effects on Pomc mRNA levels in corticotroph cells. Dexamethasone decreased Pomc mRNA levels as well as Fkpb4 mRNA levels in mouse corticotroph cells. Dexamethasone tended to decrease Fkbp4 protein levels, while it increased Fkpb5 mRNA and its protein levels. The dexamethasone-induced decreases in Pomc mRNA levels were partially canceled by Fkbp4 knockdown. Alternatively, Pomc mRNA levels were further decreased by Fkbp5 knockdown. Thus, Fkbp4 contributes to the negative feedback of glucocorticoids, and Fkbp5 reduces the efficiency of the glucocorticoid effect on Pomc gene expression in pituitary corticotroph cells. 相似文献
144.
Sun Lianhong; Petrounia Ioanna P.; Yagasaki Makoto; Bandara Geethani; Arnold Frances H. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》2001,14(9):699-704
We have used directed evolution methods to express a fungalenzyme, galactose oxidase (GOase), in functional form in Escherichiacoli. The evolved enzymes retain the activity and substratespecificity of the native fungal oxidase, but are more thermostable,are expressed at a much higher level (up to 10.8 mg/l of purifiedGOase), and have reduced negative charge compared to wild type,all properties which are expected to facilitate applicationsand further evolution of the enzyme. Spectroscopic characterizationof the recombinant enzymes reveals a tyrosyl radical of comparablestability to the native GOase from Fusarium. 相似文献
145.
Makoto Wakabayashi Takayuki Kohno Tokutaro Kimura Satoshi Tamura Masahiko Endoh Satoru Ohnishi Toshikatsu Nishioka Yoshikatsu Tanaka Toshitaka Kanai 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2007,106(2):1398-1404
Many additives are commercially used to add more favorable qualities to films. The bleeding process by which the additive in a film comes to the surface is considered. A new bleeding model of additives in a polypropylene film under atmospheric pressure was investigated. Solubility and diffusion are found to be important for explaining this bleeding process. It was found that the experimental results were explained more precisely by assuming a two‐step transport process between the crystalline regions and the amorphous ones. The solubilities and diffusion coefficients of UV‐stabilizers such as 2‐(2H‐benzotriazol‐2‐yl)‐4‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylbutyl)phenol and 2‐(2H‐benzotriazol‐2‐yl)‐4‐methylphenol were determined at 40°C. The difference between the saturation solubilities and the diffusion coefficients of UV‐stabilizers was discussed by comparing with the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
146.
Yoshihiro Kanno Makoto Ohsaki Kazuo Murota Naoki Katoh 《Optimization and Engineering》2001,2(3):293-320
A class of group symmetric Semi-Definite Program (SDP) is introduced by using the framework of group representation theory. It is proved that the central path and several search directions of primal-dual interior-point methods are group symmetric. Preservation of group symmetry along the search direction theoretically guarantees that the numerically obtained optimal solution is group symmetric. As an illustrative example, we show that the optimization problem of a symmetric truss under frequency constraints can be formulated as a group symmetric SDP. Numerical experiments using an interior-point algorithm demonstrate convergence to strictly group symmetric solutions. 相似文献
147.
Takashi Hayashita Hiroaki Noguchi Hisashi Oka Manabu Igawa Makoto Takagi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1990,39(3):561-569
The sorption behavior of heavy metal thiocyanate complexes was investigated for dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) resin and bis[2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]ether (BMPE) resin. The DB18C6 resin showed a high sorption ability and the degree of zinc sorption increased significantly with thiocyanate concentration. This behavior was not observed for BMPE resin. The sorption behavior was influenced by the countercation species, and the degree of sorption of zinc ions showed the maximum when the potassium thiocyanate was used as a complexing salt. The sorbed species appear to be KZn(SCN)3, K2Zn(SCN)4 in the potassium thiocyanate system, and Zn(SCN)2 in the lithium thiocyanate system, respectively, according to analysis of the sorption equilibrium. Sodium and ammonium thiocyanate systems show an intermediate behavior of the two. The sorption selectivity for DB18C6 resin depended not only on the hydrophobic nature of heavy metal thiocyanate complexes but also on the stabilization of counter cation species with crown ether matrix, and the sorption selectively was found to be effectively controlled by countercation species according to the cation-chelation mechanism. 相似文献
148.
149.
A relationship between emission characteristics of Ba atom as an emitter material and temperature distributions of an electrode in a fluorescent lamp is described, which is measured by using laser-induced fluorescence and black-body radiation method, respectively. In a virgin lamp, a hot spot observed at the electrode edge connected to the power supply is the main source of Ba atom emission. In a long-term-used lamp, it is shown that Ba atom emission, thermionic electron emission in cathode half-cycle and electron collection in anode half-cycle are most active on the hot spot appearing on the center of the electrode. 相似文献
150.
Sachiro Kakinoki Makoto Kitamura Mitsuhiro Yuge Masakazu Furuta Masahito Oka Yoshiaki Hirano Kenji Kono Isao Kaetsu 《Polymer Bulletin》2007,58(2):393-400
Summary Poly(proline) and random copolypeptide composed of Pro and Ala residues were synthesized, and their solution properties and
molecular conformation were investigated. Aqueous solutions of the polypeptide were irradiated with γ-rays above the transition
temperature. It was shown that the transition temperature of the aqueous solution of the copolypeptide is influenced by Ala-residue
content and γ-ray irradiation. 相似文献