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51.
Development of morphological structures during phase separation induced by radical polymerization of 2-chlorostyrene in the presence of polystyrene was studied with an electron microscope. No stirring of the mixture was made. Domain structure changed significantly with initial monomer composition within a narrow range. Salami domains similar to those observed in high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) formed at certain initial compositions, notwithstanding that production of graft polymers, which was known to play an essential role of the salami structure formation in HIPS, was negligible in this system. An explanation for the mechanism of salami pattern formation was proposed. 相似文献
52.
Room-temperature continuous-wave operation of a 1.5 /spl mu/m range GaInNAs laser grown by metal organic chemical vapour deposition is reported. The lasing wavelength of the GaInNAs/GaAs double quantum well laser was 1.50 /spl mu/m and the threshold current was 245 mA. The characteristic temperature between 10 and 50/spl deg/C was about 119 K under pulse operation. 相似文献
53.
54.
Takayuki Ishida Kenjiro Tanaka Takao Furudate Takashi Nogami Masayuki Kubota Sadamu Kurono Mamoru Ohashi 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》1995,3(1):85-92
The oxidation of C60 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid gave C60O2 with a high positional selectivity, as the 13C NMR analysis suggested. Diadducts C60CCI2O, C60CCl2(anthracene), C60CCl2[(CH2CH2)2N2], and C60CCI2[Pt-(PPh3)2] were synthesized, isolated, and characterized by negative ion FAB mass spectroscopy. 相似文献
55.
Makoto Murakami Ken-ichi Suzuki Hideki Maeda Tetsuo Takahashi Akira Naka Norio Ohkawa Mamoru Aiki 《Optical Fiber Technology》1997,3(4):320-338
Optical amplifier techniques have led to the installation of large-capacity submarine systems and further capacity increases seem likely. This paper reviews the FSA submarine system, which flexibly operates at both 2.5 and 10 Gb/s and offers maximum transmission capacity of 60 Gb/s for commercial use. The system configuration as well as its characteristics and upgradability will be introduced, including measurement results on time-division-multiplexing/wavelength-division-multiplexing (TDM–WDM) transmission at bit rates of 10 and 20 Gb/s using non-return-to-zero or soliton pulses. To further increase transmission capacity, TDM–WDM techniques that permit more than 10 Gb/s signal transmission in each data channel should be developed. Thus, pulse formats, which include non-return-to-zero, return-to-zero, or soliton pulses, and dispersion allocation in transmission fibers are significant issues. We introduce and discuss our recent results from high-speed (10 to 40 Gb/s) TDM–WDM signal transmission experiments with regard to the above aspects. 相似文献
56.
The widths at half-value of high-resolution NMR spectra of bound water of cellulose were studied in relation to the temperature change. Two points were made clear: First, the amount of bound water of the cellulose sample can be pointed out with higher accuracy the lower the temperature of the measurement. Second, it is possible to determine in a simple manner the boundary temperature Tc at which water molecules become bound by the cellulose. Tc is characteristic of the cellulose sample of a given water content and corresponds to the glass transition temperature of the water-containing sample. The measurements appear to be readily applicable to other hydrophilic polymers. 相似文献
57.
Modelling capability for products to be designed and manufactured plays an important role in order to effectively construct and utilize CAD/CAM systems. Product models should represent all the information about products, which is utilized in manufacturing processes. Therefore it is required that they describe functional structures of machine products, and include not only geometric information but also various non-geometric data, such as physical, technological and management data. Presently there do not seem to exist definite methods or theories for constructing product models. In this paper, we first investigate the whole manufacturing process, and propose a system structure for integration of CAD/CAM, in which product modelling plays a fundamental role. Then requirements for product modelling are studied thoroughly, and a new representation framework for product models is proposed. It consists of an object concept called frame, relations among frames and attributes, and it can incorporate the existing various modelling capabilities, such as solid modelling. We use this representation framework in combination with our solid modelling package GEOMAP-III, and show the effectiveness of this approach by performing illustrative design experiments. 相似文献
58.
The 13C NMR spectrum analysis of electrochemically prepared poly(3-methylthienylene) films has been investigated. Both a film doped with ClO4 ions (P3MT-ClO4) and an undoped film (P3MT0) give only two distinct absorption bands through the electrochemical reduction of P3MT-ClO4. These distinct bands are definitely attributable to the methyl group (upper field) and the thiophene ring (lower field), respectively, and are characteristic of well-defined poly(3-methylthienylene). The correlation between conductivity and 13C NMR spectra will be discussed. 相似文献
59.
Mamoru Ai 《Journal of Catalysis》1975,40(3):318-326
The amounts of both the acidic and basic sites of a series of SnO2V2O5 catalysts with different compositions were measured by studying the adsorption of the basic and acidic molecules in the gas phase, using both the static and pulse methods. The acidities of the catalysts are fairly low in the low range of V2O5 content (V < 20 atom%); the acidity per unit of weight shows a maximum at about V = 40–50 atom%, but the acidity per unit of surface area increases continuously with the V2O5 content. On the other hand, the pure SnO2 has a fair basicity, and the introduction of a smal amount of V2O5 (V = 2–20 atom%) to SnO2 remarkably enhances the basicity. It can be said that the SnO2-rich (V < 20 atom%) catalysts are basic, while the V2O5-rich catalysts are acidic. The vapor-phase oxidation of 1-butene and butadiene, the isomerization of 1-butene, and the dehydration and dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were carried out in the presence of an excess of air, and the relationship between the catalytic behavior and the acid-base properties was investigated. It was concluded that the activities and selectivities can be relatively well explained by the acid-base properties between the catalyst and the reactant. 相似文献
60.
The effect of the physical aging of ethylene ionomers was studied for the samples with the acid content of 5.4 mol%, and the degree of neutralization, 0%, 60% Na, 60% Zn, and 90% Zn. The information about the crystal and the cluster part of the physically aged ionomers was obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and by dynamic viscoelastic measurements, respectively. The degree of crystallinity and the dynamic modulus for the ionomers of the degree of neutralization 0%, 60% Na and 60% Zn increased gradually with the aging time; on the other hand, the crystallinity of 90% Zn remained constant and the modulus at 100°C increased to a certain value up to a period of 100 h, but thereafter the crystallinity increased remarkably and the modulus remained. These facts indicate that the crystallization of neutralized ethylene ionomer starts after clustering and the clustering would finish at early stage of the physical aging for intermediately neutralized ethylene ionomer. The physical aging effect of the ethylene ionomers was, thus, found to be important to material design. 相似文献