Peripheral Nerve‐Derived Matrix Hydrogel Promotes Remyelination and Inhibits Synapse Formation

Regeneration of injured nerve tissues requires intricate interplay of complex processes like axon elongation, remyelination, and synaptic formation in a tissue‐specific manner. A decellularized nerve matrix‐gel (DNM‐G) and a decellularized spinal cord matrix‐gel (DSCM‐G) are prepared from porcine sciatic nerves and spinal cord tissue, respectively, to recapitulate the microenvironment cues unique to the native tissue functions. Using an in vitro dorsal root ganglion–Schwann cells coculture model and proteomics analysis, it is confirmed that DNM‐G promotes far stronger remyelination activity and reduces synapse formation of the regenerating axons in contrast to DSCM‐G, Matrigel, and collagen I, consistent with its tissue‐specific function. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that the lack of neurotrophic factors and presence of some axon inhibitory molecules may contribute to moderate axonal elongation activity, while laminin β2, Laminin γ1, collagens, and fibronectin in DNM‐G promote remyelination. These results confirm that DNM‐G is a promising matrix material for peripheral nerve repair. This study provides more insights into tissue‐specific extracellular matrix components correlating to biological functions supporting functional regeneration.     

Characteristics of planar n-p junction diodes made bydouble-implantations into 4H-SiC

Double implantation technology consisting of deep-range acceptor followed by shallow-range donor implantation was used to fabricate planar n⁺-p junction diodes in 4H-SiC. Either Al or B was used as the acceptor species and N as the donor species with all implants performed at 700°C and annealed at 1650°C with an AlN encapsulant. The diodes were characterized for their current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) behavior over the temperature range 25°C-400°C, and reverse recovery transient behavior over the temperature range 25°C-200°C. At room temperature, the B-implanted diodes exhibited a reverse leakage current of 5×10^-8 A/cm² at a reverse bias of -20 V and a carrier lifetime of 7.4 ns     

光斑尺寸对光热失调技术测量光学薄膜吸收的影响

样品表面加热光斑和探测光斑的大小对光热技术有着重要影响,光热失调技术是一种新的可用于研究光学薄膜的微弱吸收的方法,文章理论分析了加热光斑和探测光斑尺寸对光热失调技术的影响.研究表明,加热光斑大小不变时,加热光调制频率增大,样品表面温升降低,温度分布区域减小;调制频率不变时,加热光斑越小,表面温升越大,分布区域越小.调制频率不变时,探测光斑越小,信号幅值越大,分布区域越小,信号幅值与加热光功率的线性关系的斜率越大,探测光斑的大小对信号幅频关系影响较小.研究结果对光热失调技术测量光学薄膜吸收具有重要意义.     

BN–Graphene Composites Generated by Covalent Cross‐Linking with Organic Linkers

Composites of boron nitride (BN) and carboxylated graphene are prepared for the first time using covalent cross‐linking employing the carbodiimide reaction. The BN_1–xG_x (x ≈ 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) obtained are characterized using a variety of spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric analysis. The composites show composition‐dependent electrical resistivity, the resistivity decreasing with increase in graphene content. The composites exhibit microporosity and the x ≈ 0.75 composite especially exhibits satisfactory performance with high stability as an electrode in supercapacitors. The x ≈ 0.75 composite is also found to be a good electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells.     

Statistical analysis of subthreshold leakage current for VLSI circuits

We develop a method to estimate the variation of leakage current due to both intra-die and inter-die gate length process variability. We derive an analytical expression to estimate the probability density function (PDF) of the leakage current for stacked devices found in CMOS gates. These distributions of individual gate leakage currents are then combined to obtain the mean and variance of the leakage current for an entire circuit. We also present an approach to account for both the inter- and intra-die gate length variations to ensure that the circuit leakage PDF correctly models both types of variation. The proposed methods were implemented and tested on a number of benchmark circuits. Comparison to Monte Carlo simulation validates the accuracy of the proposed method and demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed analysis method. Comparison with traditional deterministic leakage current analysis demonstrates the need for statistical methods for leakage current analysis.     

含能材料热安全性的预测方法

根据分解反应动力学分析了含能材料在绝热和近似绝热条件下的热分解反应。结果表明,在该条件下含能材料发生的热分解反应只与材料本身的特性相关,而与外界环境的影响无关,利用热分解反应的特征来评价含能材料本身的热安全特性,得出了含能材料开始发生热分解反应初始湿度的计算公式。     

影响抽提蒸馏装置苯产品质量的因素及对策

介绍了芳烃抽提蒸馏装置苯产品水含量超标、硫含量波动较大的影响因素.针对影响因素采取了消除装置内漏、采取侧线抽出的工艺技术等措施,解决了苯产品的质量问题.     

Beneficial effects of wettability altering surfactants in oil-wet fractured reservoirs

In fractured reservoirs, an effective matrix-fracture mass transfer is required for oil recovery. Surfactants have long been considered for oil recovery enhancement, mainly in terms of their ability to reduce oil–water interfacial tension. These surfactants are effective when the fractured formations are water-wet, where capillary imbibition of surfactants from the fracture into the matrix contributes to oil recovery. However, another beneficial aspect of surfactants, namely their ability to alter wettability, remains to be explored and exploited. Surfactants capable of altering wettability can be especially beneficial in oil-wet fractured formations, where the surfactant in the fracture diffuses into the matrix and alters the wettability, enabling imbibition of even more surfactant into the matrix. This sequential process of initial diffusion followed by imbibition continues well into the matrix yielding significant enhancements in oil recovery.In order to test this hypothesis of sequential diffusion–imbibition phenomenon, Dual-Drop Dual-Crystal (DDDC) contact angle experiments have been conducted using fractured Yates dolomite reservoir fluids, two types of surfactants (nonionic and anionic) and dolomite rock substrates. A new experimental procedure was developed in which crude oil equilibrated with reservoir brine has been exposed to surfactant to simulate the matrix-fracture interactions in fractured reservoirs. This procedure enables the measurements of dynamic contact angles and oil–water interfacial tensions, in addition to providing the visual observations of the dynamic behavior of crude oil trapped in the rock matrix as it encounters the diffusing surfactant from the fractures. Both the measurements and visual observations indicate wettability alterations of the matrix surface from oil-wet to less oil-wet or intermediate wet by the surfactants. Thus this study is of practical importance to oil-wet fractured formations where surfactant-induced wettability alterations can result in significant oil recovery enhancements. In addition, this study has also identified the need to include contact angle term in the dimensionless Bond number formulations for better quantitative interpretation of rock–fluids interactions.     

对IPSec VPN进行运营管理的若干问题的研究

网络管理系统是IPSec(IP security,IP安全)VPN(virtual private network,虚拟专用网络)作为一种电信运营业务的关键组成部分.VPN节点设备部署在运营商网络的边缘,这种网络模式使得对节点的管理不同于对传统网络的管理,其中,VPN业务网络拓扑的自动发现和对私有网络中的设备进行管理是两个关键的问题.本文通过在网络管理系统中指定根节点,然后利用根节点中的SA(security association,安全联盟)信息来获得其他VPN节点的地址信息,从而实现VPN拓扑的自动发现;针对私有网络中的设备地址不可达的问题,本文提出了主动注册的技术,并利用主动注册同网络管理代理转发技术相结合的方法实现了对私有网络中设备的管理.