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11.
Studied how 26 senior managers and 47 senior professional technical staff (recently repatriated) of 4 US owned multinational organizations viewed their international posting, specifically with respect to career path satisfaction. Results of satisfaction scales indicate that many Ss felt under-prepared for their international assignment. It is suggested that a comprehensive international employee development program should assess, provide feedback, and coach individuals on career path, culture shock and adjustment, and performance issues prior, during, and on return from the expatriate assignment. Results suggest that opportunities exist for individual and organizational intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
12.
Atmospheric corrosion of reference metals in Antarctic sites 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Manuel Morcillo Beln Chico Daniel de la Fuente Elisabete Almeida Günter Joseph Susana Rivero Blanca Rosales 《Cold Regions Science and Technology》2004,40(3):165-178
This paper presents the results obtained at three Antarctic test sites participating in the “Ibero-American Map of Atmospheric Corrosiveness” (MICAT), a project on atmospheric corrosion carried out during the period 1988–1994 at some 70 sites distributed across 12 countries of the Latin-American region, Spain and Portugal. The three Antarctic sites are located near the coastline.The singular climatic characteristics of Antarctic regions are related with the purity of the air, the absence of rainfall and the formation of ice on the metallic surface during an important part of the exposure time. However, electrochemical activity is possible below ice layers. This situation affects the structure and morphology of corrosion product films and the resulting corrosion rates of metallic surfaces. 相似文献
13.
Abstract: Environmental justice advocates have recently focused attention on cumulative exposure in minority neighborhoods due to multiple sources of pollution. This article uses U.S. EPA's National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) for 1996 to examine environmental inequality in California, a state that has been a recent innovator in environmental justice policy. We first estimate potential lifetime cancer risks from mobile and stationary sources. We then consider the distribution of these risks using both simple comparisons and a multivariate model in which we control for income, land use, and other explanatory factors, as well as spatial correlation. We find large racial disparities in California's “riskscape” as well as inequalities by other factors and suggest several implications for environmental and land use policy. 相似文献
14.
15.
Do individual factors matter? A survey of scientists’ patenting in Portuguese public research organisations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paula Susana Figueiredo Moutinho Margarida Fontes Manuel Mira Godinho 《Scientometrics》2007,70(2):355-377
This paper addresses scientists’ behaviour regarding the patenting of knowledge produced in universities and other public
sector research organisations (PSROs). Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in patenting and licensing activities by
PSROs. We argue that the whole process depends to a certain extent on scientists’ willingness to disclose their inventions.
Given this assumption, we conduct research into individual behaviour in order to understand scientists’ views concerning the
patenting of their research results. Data from a questionnaire survey of Portuguese researchers from nine PSROs in life sciences
and biotechnology is presented and analysed and complemented with in-depth interviews. The results reveal that overall the
scientists surveyed show a low propensity to become involved in patenting and licensing activities, despite the fact that
the majority had no “ethical” objections to the disclosure of their inventions and the commercial exploitation of these. Perceptions
about the impacts of these activities on certain fundamental aspects of knowledge production and dissemination are however
divergent. This may account for the low participation levels. Furthermore, most scientists perceived the personal benefits
deriving from this type of activity to be low. Similarly, the majority also believed that there are many difficulties associated
with the patenting process and that they receive limited support from their organisations, which lack the proper competences
and structures to assist with patenting and licensing. 相似文献
16.
Manuel Landajo 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2004,34(1):645-651
Nonparametric estimation capabilities of fuzzy systems in stochastic environments are analyzed in this paper. By using ideas from sieve estimation, increasing sequences of fuzzy rule-based systems capable of consistently estimating arbitrary regression surfaces are constructed. Results include least squares learning of a mapping perturbed by additive random noise in a static-regression context. L1 (i.e., least absolute deviation) estimation is also studied, and the consistency of fuzzy rule-based sieve estimators for L1-optimal regression surfaces is shown, thus giving additional theoretical support to the robust filtering capabilities of fuzzy systems and their adequacy for modeling, prediction, and control of systems affected by impulsive noise. 相似文献
17.
Martine Decloux Manuel Dornier & Isabelle Gratius 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1996,31(2):153-166
Gum arabic is a natural gum exuded mainly by the trees Acacia senegal , currently used in the food industries for its emulsifying, thickening and stabilizing properties. Its present processing includes various operations providing a quite turbid product. Crossflow microfiltration could be interesting for the clarification and the cold-pasteurization of the gum arabic solutions. Several experiments were therefore made with the crossflow microfiltration unit at ENSIA, using two different systems: the classical one (without permeate circulation), and the co-current permeate flow system (CCPF) allowing the exploration of the low transmembrane pressures range. With gum arabic solutions of 0.17g solids g−1 solution and 70°C, the best results after 60 min of filtration (105.7 L h−1 m−2 , 4.4% of solids retention and 83.4% of clarification) were obtained with the CCPF system at low transmembrane pressure and high crossflow velocity (0.3 bar and 7.5ms−1 ). 相似文献
18.
Antonio J. Pérez-López José Manuel López-Nicolás Angel A. Carbonell-Barrachina 《European Food Research and Technology》2007,225(2):255-260
Consumers demand organic products because they believe that the organic products are more flavorful and respectful to the
environment and human health. The effects of organic farming on the minerals contents and aroma composition of Clemenules
mandarin juices were studied. Minerals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg, K, and Na) were quantified using atomic absorption-emission
spectroscopy, while volatile compounds were extracted using the dynamic headspace technique and were identified and quantified
by GC–MS. In general, organic farming produced a mandarin juice with a higher quality than that produced by conventional agricultural
practices. Higher concentrations of both minerals and positive volatile compounds were found in the organic juice, while the
formation of off-flavors was higher in the conventional juice, although threshold values were not reached. 相似文献
19.
The effects of cooking temperature, time and temperature of brine-salting, and temperature of ripening on the behavior of Enterobacteriaceae in Manchego cheese were studied. Fifty lots of cheese from raw ewe's milk manufactured and ripened under different conditions were investigated throughout a 60-day ripening period. Differences in pH values due to temperature-dependent whey retention accounted for the effect of cooking temperature on coliform and fecal coliform counts. Temperature of brine-salting had no effect on Enterobacteriaceae counts, but a significant effect of salting time on Enterobacteriaceae and fecal coliform counts was detected. Ripening temperature was the manufacturing variable with greatest influence (P<.01) on Enterobacteriaceae and coliform counts during the whole curing period. 相似文献
20.
Juan Manuel Mendez Stephen Muhl G. Contreras-Puente J. Aguilar-Hernandez 《Thin solid films》1992,220(1-2):125-131
Carbon films have been produced using a graphite hollow cathode and an r.f. plasma of hydrogen or hydrogen and argon. No hydrocarbon gas was used. The films were subjected to heat treatments up to 700 °C in air. The optical properties of the films were studied using Fourier transform IR, UV-visible, Raman, ellipsometry and photoluminescence techniques before and after the annealing. Films prepared without argon have a narrower band gap and a different photoluminescence response from films prepared with argon. The index of refraction was seen to have values between 1.7 and 2.2 depending on the preparation conditions. The optical band gap of the films was generally greater than 2 eV and the annealing process both increased the gap and reduced the density of states responsible for the large photoluminescence signal. 相似文献