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21.
A. Cardador-Martí nez E. Casta o-Tostado G. Loarca-Pi a 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2002,19(1):62-69
Polyphenols with antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties are present in fruits, vegetables and legumes. In this study, the Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98 and TA100 were used in the microsuspension assay to examine the antimutagenic effect of phenolic compounds extracted from the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) against mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ). A dose-response curve was constructed for AFB 1 ; from which a level of 40ng AFB 1 /tube was selected for all antimutagenicity assays. The AFB 1 and phenolic extract (PE) were not toxic to the bacteria at concentrations tested. In the case of PE, results were similar to the number of spontaneous revertants for TA98 and TA100. The inhibitory effect of PE against AFB 1 mutagenicity was dose-dependent at the lower concentrations tested (2.5, 5, 10, 12.5, 15 and 25 μg-equivalent ( + )-catechin/tube for TA98; 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 5, 10 and 25 μg-equivalent ( + )-catechin/ tube for TA100). Further, a two-stage incubation procedure was used to investigate the potential interaction between PE and AFB 1 . The greatest inhibitory effect of the PE on AFB 1 mutagenicity occurred when PE and AFB 1 were incubated together. When the bacteria were first incubated with PE followed by a second incubation with AFB 1 , lower inhibition was observed. Lower inhibition was also observed when the bacteria were first incubated with AFB 1 followed by a second incubation with PE. The results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition could involve the formation of a chemical complex between of PE and AFB 1 . 相似文献
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J. R. Díaz-Estrada E. Camps L. Escobar-Alarcón J. A. Ascencio 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(4):1360-1368
Deposition of Ti was carried out by laser ablation onto hydroxyapatite porous discs in an Ar atmosphere. Ti nanoparticles
were deposited onto HAp surface in order to modify its roughness and morphology as it is observed by scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). A homogeneous distribution of Ti over the disc surface was corroborated by elemental
mapping. A comparison of the hydroxyapatite hardness before and after deposition was performed using SPM nanoindentation.
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed that the Ti nanoparticles obtained were covered by an oxygen shell. It is shown
that surface modifications of the covered HAp by Ti result in better mechanical properties, reducing the possible damage to
the HAp ceramic by friction or impacts as it often happens in meniscus, bone junctions and the inclusion of prosthesis for
human treatments. 相似文献
25.
M. Del C. Ruiz J. A. González J. B. Rivarola 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2004,35(3):439-448
The mechanism and kinetics of β-Ta2O5 chlorination, mixed with sucrose carbon, have been studied by a thermogravimetric technique. The investigated temperature
range was 500 °C to 850 °C. The reactants and reaction residues were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method for surface area (BET). The effect of various experimental parameters
was studied, such as carbon percentage, temperature, chlorine partial pressure, and flow, use of the multiple sample method,
and carbon previous oxidation. The carbon percentage and previous treatment have an effect on the system reactivity. The temperature
has a marked effect on the reaction rate. In the 500 °C to 600 °C temperature interval, the apparent activation energy is
144 kJ/mol of oxide, while at higher temperatures, the activation energy decreases. With high chorine partial pressures, the
order of reaction is near zero. The kinetic contractile plate model, X=kt, considering carbon oxidation as the controlling stage, is the one with the best fit to the experimental data. A probable
mechanism for the carbochlorination of β-Ta2O5 is proposed: (1) activation of chlorine on the carbon surface, (2) chlorination of Ta2O5, (3) oxidation of carbon, and (4) recrystallization of β-Ta2O5. 相似文献
26.
Talita Moreira de Oliveira Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares Rodrigo Magela Pereira Kátia de Freitas Fraga 《Packaging Technology and Science》2007,20(2):147-153
Conservation of food products depends on product quality and packaging suitability. The objective of this work was to develop and evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of natamycin‐incorporated film in the production process of Gorgonzola cheese. It aims to optimize the production process and increase shelf‐life and food safety for the consumer. Films with different concentrations of natamycin were produced and tested in Gorgonzola cheeses to evaluate its efficiency against Penicillium roqueforti on the cheese surface. Films with 2 and 4% natamycin presented satisfactory results for fungus inhibition and the amount of natamycin released to the cheese was below that allowed by the legislation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Francisco Jos Alguacil Concepcin Caravaca María Isabel Martín 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(10):1048-1053
The transport of chromium(VI) through a flat‐sheet supported liquid membrane containing Cyanex 921 as a carrier has been investigated. The permeation of the metal is investigated as a function of various experimental variables: hydrodynamic conditions, concentration of chromium(VI) and HCl in the feed phase, carrier concentration and diluent in the membrane and strippant concentration in the stripping phase. The mass transfer coefficient and the thickness of the aqueous boundary layer were calculated from the experimental data. Furthermore, the selectivity of Cyanex 921‐based flat‐sheet supported liquid membrane towards different metal ions and the behaviour of the system against other carriers are presented. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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