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81.
Burke M 《Environmental science & technology》1996,30(10):436A
Government. 相似文献
82.
T De Brito CR Carneiro MC Nakhle DM Lima CP Abrantes-Lemos M Sandoval AM Silva 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,6(4):368-376
Gene therapy has the potential to provide cancer treatments based on novel mechanisms of action with potentially low toxicities. This therapy may provide more effective control of loco-regional recurrence in diseases such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as systemic control of micrometastases. Despite current limitations, retroviral and adenoviral vectors can in certain circumstances provide an effective means of delivering therapeutic genes to tumour cells. Although multiple genes are involved in the process of carcinogenesis, mutations of the p53 gene are the most frequent abnormality identified in human tumours. Pre-clinical studies both in vitro and in vivo have shown that restoration of p53 function can induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Phase I clinical trials now show that p53 gene replacement therapy is feasible and safe using both retroviral and adenoviral vectors, and that it induces tumour regression in patients with advanced NSCLC and recurrent head and neck cancer. Other pre-clinical studies indicate that gene therapy may have useful synergy with cytotoxic and radiation therapy. This paper describes the different gene therapy strategies under investigation and the pre-clinical data that provides a rationale for the gene replacement approach, reviews clinical trial data and presents novel ideas for improving current vectors and gene delivery to tumours. 相似文献
83.
84.
FA da Veiga 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,8(5):473-491
Clustering is an important data analysis tool for discovering structure in data sets. Although research on conceptual clustering has produced algorithms showing significant advantages over earlier numerical ones, existing methods still present some limitations regarding applicability to biomedical domains. In this paper we describe ADAGIO, a conceptual clustering algorithm combining a low-cost preordering process with a breadth-first incremental control strategy that incorporates merging and splitting operators. Experimental evaluation indicated that the algorithm achieves a good balance between structure discovery performance and computational efficiency, and demonstrated the comparative effectiveness of its missing information handling process. ADAGIO is able to handle qualitative, quantitative and mixed-type data. An application example to a cancer domain is given, where the algorithm was able to suggest interesting epidemiological interpretations. 相似文献
85.
86.
Jos A. Grimbergen Koen Visscher Daniel S. Gomes De Mesquita G. J. Brakenhoff 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1993,9(7):723-732
Individual yeast cells can be successfully isolated and recultured on plates with a new isolation method making use of optical trapping with infrared laser light. The cells can be selected on morphological criteria by high resolution microscopy. The isolation device is constructed from two coverslips separated by spacers, in which selected cells are transferred to a plastic capillary, using the optical trap. To test the procedure, selection experiments were done with a mixture of two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, distinguishable both in fluorescence microscopy and on agar plates. These experiments showed that only selected cells were isolated, and close to 100% of the isolated stationary-phase cells formed colonies on agar plates, indicating a high recovery. A lower recovery was obtained with exponential-phase cells, possibly because of a higher sensitivity to laser irradiation. Applications for this method may include the isolation of mutants with altered morphology and the isolation of subpopulations of yeast cultures, for their separate investigation or for the initiation of pure cultures. 相似文献
87.
This study was designed to examine whether cyclosporine (CyA) acts on the endocrine system by modifying the pulsatile secretion pattern of prolactin and LH. Both pituitary-grafted and sham-operated rats were submitted to a subcutaneous vehicle or CyA (5 mg/kg) treatment daily for 10 days beginning on the day of surgery. Pituitary grafting and/or CyA administration changed the pulsatile pattern of prolactin observed in sham-operated animals. The mean values of serum prolactin were significantly increased by pituitary grafting and the treatment with CyA further increased them. The mean half-life of prolactin was significantly increased in pituitary-grafted rats and was not changed by CyA administration, although it was decreased in sham-operated rats. The frequency of prolactin pulses was significantly decreased in pituitary-grafted as compared to sham-operated controls and was not further modified by CyA administration. However, in sham-operated rats a significant decrease of this parameter was observed. Duration of the prolactin peaks was significantly increased by pituitary grafting, and was not modified by CyA administration in any of the groups studied. The absolute amplitude of the prolactin peaks was significantly increased in pituitary-grafted as compared to sham-operated animals, and the treatment with CyA further increased this parameter in both groups. Mean values of LH were significantly increased in pituitary-grafted as compared to control rats. CyA administration significantly increased LH levels in sham-operated rats and decreased them in pituitary-grafted animals. The mean half-life, the pulse frequency and the duration of LH peaks were not modified by either pituitary grafting or CyA administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
88.
Anna Sztaniszlav Magdolna Balla Maria Farkas-Jahnke Csaba Novák 《Journal of Materials Science》1990,25(5):2353-2358
The kinetics of solid-state reactions of powdered reactants were investigated by X-ray and by differential thermogravimetry in a magnetic field. Measurements revealed mutual diffusion of the Fe3+ and In3+ ions in the Fe2O3-In2O3 system heat treated for 3 h at 700 to 1400° C. Diffusion of indium into the Fe2O3 lattice caused a shift of the Curie temperature of the antiferromagnetic iron oxide towards lower temperatures. Only Caln2O4 was found between CaCO3 and In2O3 up to 1400° C. Also, in the Fe2O3-CaCO3-In2O3in system, the reaction started with the mutual diffusion of iron and indium and the forming of CaFe2O4. End-products were the magnetic -Ca4Fe14O25 and CaFe4O7, and the non-magnetic CaFe5O7, depending on the In3+ concentration. Indium stabilized the magnetic calcium-iron oxide structures, shifting their Curie temperatures towards lower values. 相似文献
89.
Tierny J Daniels J Nonato LG Pascucci V Silva CT 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2012,18(10):1650-1663
Creating high-quality quad meshes from triangulated surfaces is a highly nontrivial task that necessitates consideration of various application specific metrics of quality. In our work, we follow the premise that automatic reconstruction techniques may not generate outputs meeting all the subjective quality expectations of the user. Instead, we put the user at the center of the process by providing a flexible, interactive approach to quadrangulation design. By combining scalar field topology and combinatorial connectivity techniques, we present a new framework, following a coarse to fine design philosophy, which allows for explicit control of the subjective quality criteria on the output quad mesh, at interactive rates. Our quadrangulation framework uses the new notion of Reeb atlas editing, to define with a small amount of interactions a coarse quadrangulation of the model, capturing the main features of the shape, with user prescribed extraordinary vertices and alignment. Fine grain tuning is easily achieved with the notion of connectivity texturing, which allows for additional extraordinary vertices specification and explicit feature alignment, to capture the high-frequency geometries. Experiments demonstrate the interactivity and flexibility of our approach, as well as its ability to generate quad meshes of arbitrary resolution with high-quality statistics, while meeting the user’s own subjective requirements. 相似文献
90.
Paulo Victor Rodrigues de Carvalho Tahar‐Hakim Benchekroun Jose Orlando Gomes 《人机工程学与制造业中的人性因素》2012,22(2):130-144
Shift work situations occur in almost all safety‐critical organizations, and the investigations of some catastrophes like Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez, and the Gol/Legacy mid‐air collision indicated that shift work information exchange played an important role during the evolution of the situation before the accidents. Inadequate communications during shift changeovers challenged operators' work in the moments that preceded these accidents, because they got inadequate information about the current situation. Our research focuses on the information exchange activities (verbal, written, and nonverbal) of nuclear power plant control operators during shift changeovers. Our aim is to investigate how verbal exchanges and other representations enable operator crews to share information regarding the events that occurred in the previous shift to achieve adequate situation awareness. Our findings indicated the importance and richness of the information exchange during the shift changeover process to update and validate individual and collective situation awareness, showing that information adequately shared enables the ad hoc configurations of regulation loops and a safer use of simplified strategies that can be understood and be validated by other operators, reducing the occurrence of cognitive overloads and contributing to the construction of a common cognitive ground that enhances system resilience. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献