全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1069篇 |
免费 | 20篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 41篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
化学工业 | 396篇 |
金属工艺 | 37篇 |
机械仪表 | 29篇 |
建筑科学 | 11篇 |
能源动力 | 39篇 |
轻工业 | 54篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
石油天然气 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 56篇 |
一般工业技术 | 229篇 |
冶金工业 | 56篇 |
原子能技术 | 72篇 |
自动化技术 | 67篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 17篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 65篇 |
2012年 | 51篇 |
2011年 | 66篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 35篇 |
2008年 | 61篇 |
2007年 | 44篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 36篇 |
2004年 | 42篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 35篇 |
2001年 | 31篇 |
2000年 | 34篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 39篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1093条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
The effect of oxygen potential on the sintering behavior of MgO-based heterogeneous fuels containing (Pu, Am)O2−x was experimentally investigated. Sintering tests in various atmospheres, i.e. air, moisturized 4%H2-Ar, and 4%H2-Ar atmosphere, were carried out. The sintering behavior was found to be significantly affected by the oxygen potential in the sintering atmosphere. The sintered density decreased with decreasing oxygen potential. The (Pu, Am)O2−x phase sintered in a reductive atmosphere had hypostoichiometry. The aggregates of the (Pu, Am)O2−x phase sintered in the reductive atmosphere grew, in comparison with those in the oxidizing one. The sintering mechanism was discussed in terms of the difference in sintering behavior of (Pu, Am)O2−x and MgO. 相似文献
32.
Yi Liu Toyoki Fujiwara Hiroshi Yukawa Masahiko Morinaga 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2000,62(1-2)
Employing the DV-Xα molecular orbital method, lithium intercalation effect and alloying effect have been investigated on the electronic structures of spinel MxMn2−xO4 and LiMxMn2−xO4 (M=Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu). It is found that the lithium intercalation induces the electron transfer from Li to the surrounding O ions, and enlarges the Mn-3d/O-2p band gap greatly. Such a modification of the oxygen electronic state is probably related to the electrochemical cell voltage. This lithium intercalation effect still holds even in the alloyed systems. However, the amount of transferred charges from M to O ions changes depending on the alloying element, M. So the alloying addition modifies the oxygen electronic state and influences the lithium intercalation process indirectly. 相似文献
33.
Shahira Said Aly Tsuyoshi Imai Mohamed Salah Hassouna Diem-Mai Kim Nguyen Takaya Higuchi Ariyo Kanno Koichi Yamamoto Rinji Akada Masahiko Sekine 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(10):5300-5313
The ability of Clostridium butyricum RAK25832 to use casamino acids as a nitrogen source was investigated. Strain RAK25832 showed the capacity to utilize different types of carbon sources. With glucose as a carbon source (10 g/L), the preferred final concentration of casamino acids was 26.67 g/L, with a cumulative hydrogen production, production rate, and yield of 2505 mL H2/L, 160 mL/h, and 1.81 mol H2/mol glucose, respectively. Eighteen metal elements were screened to identify the most important metals for biohydrogen production, and four elements were optimized. The optimal medium composition was MgCl2·6H2O (0.1 g/L), K2HPO4·3H2O (6.67 g/L), NaHCO3 (2.6 g/L), and FeCl2·4H2O (0.002 g/L). Vitamin supplementation of the medium showed no significant effect on hydrogen production. Under the optimized conditions, cumulative hydrogen production reached 3074 mL H2/L. This is the first study to demonstrate the use of casamino acids as a nitrogen source by C. butyricum. 相似文献
34.
Shinji Fukuda Kazuhiko Shimada Noriya Izu Hiroyuki Miyazaki Shoji Iwakiri Kiyoshi Hirao 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2018,29(14):11688-11698
We observed crack generation and structural changes in electroless nickel–phosphorus (Ni–P) plating layers formed on copper-metalized silicon nitride substrates both during thermal cycling from ? 40 to 250 °C and during storage (not cycling) at 250 °C in order to investigate the effect of the phosphorus contents on crack generation and growth in the Ni–P platings. The used platings contained phosphorus at three different contents: 2.1 wt% [Ni–P(low)], 6.5 wt% [Ni–P(med)], and 10.9 wt% [Ni–P(high)]. The generation time and the amount of cracks were strongly dependent on their phosphorus contents. More cracks appeared after thermal cycling than after storage at 250 °C. In Ni–P(low), cracks were generated after 200 thermal cycles, whereas no cracks were observed even after 250 h of storage at 250 °C. In Ni–P(med) and Ni–P(high), both during thermal cycling and storage at 250 °C, cracks formed during or after crystallization of the amorphous layers. These results suggest that the primary factors affecting the generation of cracks in electroless Ni–P platings are crystallization of the Ni–P platings and repeated changes in thermal stress. 相似文献
35.
36.
Kazushige Ishida Yoichi Wada Masahiko Tachibana Nobuyuki Ota Motohiro Aizawa 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(11):1071-1082
The effects of water chemistry distribution on the potential of a reference electrode and of the potential distribution on the measured potential should be known qualitatively to obtain accurate electrochemical corrosion potential (ECP) data in BWRs. First, the effects of oxygen on a platinum reference electrode were studied in 553 K pure water containing dissolved hydrogen (DH) concentration of 26–105 μg kg?1 (ppb). The platinum electrode worked in the same way as the theoretical hydrogen electrode under the condition that the molar ratio of DH to dissolved oxygen (DO) was more than 10 and that DO was less than 100 ppb. Second, the effects of potential distribution on the measured potential were studied by using the ECP measurement part without platinum deposition on the surfaces connected to another ECP measurement part with platinum deposition on the surfaces in 553 K pure water containing 100–130 ppb of DH or 100–130 ppb of DH plus 400 ppb of hydrogen peroxide. Measured potentials for each ECP measurement part were in good agreement with literature data for each surface condition. The lead wire connecting point did not affect the measured potential. Potential should be measured at the nearest point from the reference electrode in which case it will be not affected by either the potential distribution or the connection point of the lead wire in pure water. 相似文献
37.
Yasuhiro Sakuma Masahiko KatoShinya Yagi Kazuo Soda 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2011,269(3):257-262
We have measured the energy distributions of the secondary ions sputtered from the Si(1 1 1) and Ge(1 1 1) surfaces and investigated the ionization probabilities of sputtered Si+ and Ge+ ions for clarifying their ionization mechanisms. The observed ionization probabilities depend on the velocity of Si+ and Ge+ ions. This velocity dependence can be successfully analyzed by a theoretical expression, which was proposed originally for the metal surfaces. This implies that the ionization mechanism of Si+ and Ge+ ions is the same as ions sputtered from the metal surface, i.e., the resonant electron transfer in the high velocity regime and the thermal excitation process in the low velocity regime. The difference in the ionization probability between Si+ and Ge+ ions is well explained by the difference in the band gap energy. 相似文献
38.
A novel quantitative and specific method for detection of buckwheat, a known food allergen, in diverse food materials was developed by using a unique internal standard to compensate for the variability in DNA extraction and amplification efficiencies. The method was based on a real-time PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer region of Fagopyrum spp. and was designed to detect both cultivated and wild buckwheat, because wild buckwheat might be potentially allergenic. As the internal standard material, ground seeds of statice (Limonium sinuatum) were added to food samples prior to DNA extraction, and the amount of statice DNA measured by real-time PCR was used to standardize the buckwheat content. Statice, an ornamental plant, was chosen as the internal standard material because it was readily available and was inferred to be least likely to be commingled in foods. The specificity of the PCR system was tested against commonly used food materials of plant origin. Quantitative results expressed in buckwheat protein concentrations (mean +/- standard deviation) for various food samples prepared to contain 10 ppm (wt/wt) of buckwheat flour (corresponding to 1.2-microg/g [ppm] buckwheat protein) ranged from 0.7 +/- 0.2 (rice) to 0.9 +/- 0.4 (wheat) and for 100-ppm (wt/wt) samples (12-microg/g [ppm] buckwheat protein) from 7.7 +/- 1.0 (pepper) to 9.8 +/- 0.5 (wheat) microg/g (ppm). The method's accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were considered sufficient for detection of buckwheat contamination at the level required for compliance with the Japanese Food Allergen Labeling Regulation. 相似文献
39.
Spodoptera frugiperda 21 (Sf21) insect cell-free protein synthesizing system was expanded to include nonnatural amino acids. Orthogonal tRNAs that work as carriers of nonnatural amino acids in the insect system were explored. Four-base codons for assigning the positions of nonnatural amino acids were also selected. Mutated streptavidin mRNAs that contained different four-base codons were prepared and added to the insect cell-free system in the presence of various tRNAs possessing the corresponding four-base anticodons. The tRNAs were chemically aminoacylated with various types of nonnatural amino acids to examine their incorporation efficiencies. Using p-nitrophenylalanine as the nonnatural amino acid and streptavidin as the target protein, tRNA sequences and the types of four-base codons were optimized to maximize the yield of the nonnatural mutant and to minimize production of full-length proteins that do not contain the nonnatural amino acid. Among the tRNA sequences taken from a variety of tRNAs of nonstandard structures, the tRNA derived from Methanosarcina acetivorans tRNA(Pyl) was the most efficient and orthogonal tRNA. Of the CGGN-type four-base codons, CGGA and CGGG were the most efficient ones for assigning the positions of nonnatural amino acids. p-Nitrophenylalanine and 2-naphthylalanine were efficiently incorporated as in the case of Escherichia coli and rabbit reticulocyte cell-free systems. Much less efficient incorporation was observed, however, for other nonnatural amino acids, indicating that the insect system is less tolerant to the structural diversity of amino acids than the E. coli cell-free system. 相似文献
40.
Y Hirao S Ozono Y Kagebayashi M Yoshi Y Tani H Uemura H Momose E Okajima 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,42(10):795-804
The number of cases of prostate carcinoma (PCA) is steadily inceasing in Japan. The clinical application of a reliable tumor marker, prostate specific antigen (PSA) for the diagnosis, as well as the increasing elderly population in Japan may account for this increase. The subjects were patients at the Nara Medical University and its affiliated hospitals; 1) 687 cases without PCA were evaluated for age-specific PSA and the incidence of abnormal PSA following urological manipulations, 2) 135 cases with histological proven BPH by transurethral resection of prostate (TUR-P) were examined for PSA density (PSAD) and positive PSA rate in BPH, 3) 135 cases receiving a needle biopsy with suspicion of PCA were examined for the efficacy of PSA and PSAD and other parameters, and 4) 459 PCA cases treated between 1988 and 1994, were examined for specific PSA and PSAD values by stage and degree of cell differentiation. The PSA assay used in this study was MARKIT-M PA (normal range < or = 3.6 ng/ml). The PSA was decreased gradually with age in non-PCA patients, and abnormal PSA was found in 5.5% of these patients following manipulations. The average PSA was 2.95 +/- 2.03 ng/ml in 130 BPH patients (mean age: 71.1 +/- 7.0 years old. and average prostate volume: 32.9 +/- 16.1 ml). And abnormal PSA level (more than 3.61 ng/ml) was found in 22.3%. The mean PSAD was 0.1.0 +/- 0.06, and PSAD was below 0.15 in 86.1% of these BPH cases. Among the 135 cases receiving a needle biopsy, 33 cases had PSA values between 3.61 and 10.0 ng/ml. Of these cases, PCA was found in 18.5% of the 27 cases with a PSAD below 1.5, and in 33.3% of the 6 cases with a PSAD over 1.5. PSA and PSAD were proportionally increased with stage, and a significant difference in the PSA value was observed between stage B1 and B2, and stage C and D (P < 0.05). However, PSA and PSAD values were not significantly correlated with the cell differentiation in PCA stage A2-C. In total, PSA was 18.1 ng/ml in well, 23.9 ng/ml in moderately and 35.9 ng/ml in poorly differentiated type PCA. The positive rate of PSA was 22.3, 65.4 and 83.5%, that of prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) was 10.0, 17.8 and 45.8%, and that of GSM was 25.0, 14.7 and 68.4%, in BPH, stage A PCA and stage BPCA, respectively. In conclusion, PSA is the most reliable tool in the diagnosis of localized PCA. However, the differential diagnosis of BPH and localized PCA is difficult when the PSA value is between 3.61 and 10.0 ng/ml, and accurate staging of localized PCA is difficult with PSA or PSAD alone. At present, it is necessary to use all possible tools for the early detection of localized PCA, and to perform the needle biopsy in all PCA-suspicious cases. 相似文献