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101.
Diamond-like-carbon (DLC) coating of thickness 3 and 10 μm were developed with and without radical nitriding pretreatment on steel rollers and spur gear pair. The friction coefficient and wear amount were evaluated under sliding rolling contact condition in vacuum and under oil lubrication. Delamination of coatings was observed at the interface of the substrate. The wear resistance of coatings improved with the thickness of the coating. In vacuum both the roller and the gear pair of 10 μm coating thickness with radical nitriding showed identical wear behavior. The radical nitriding seemed to enhance the life of DLC coatings. 相似文献
102.
103.
Kanokwan Srirattana Masahiro Kaneda Rangsun Parnpai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)
Mammalian oocytes can reprogram differentiated somatic cells into a totipotent state through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is known as cloning. Although many mammalian species have been successfully cloned, the majority of cloned embryos failed to develop to term, resulting in the overall cloning efficiency being still low. There are many factors contributing to the cloning success. Aberrant epigenetic reprogramming is a major cause for the developmental failure of cloned embryos and abnormalities in the cloned offspring. Numerous research groups attempted multiple strategies to technically improve each step of the SCNT procedure and rescue abnormal epigenetic reprogramming by modulating DNA methylation and histone modifications, overexpression or repression of embryonic-related genes, etc. Here, we review the recent approaches for technical SCNT improvement and ameliorating epigenetic modifications in donor cells, oocytes, and cloned embryos in order to enhance cloning efficiency. 相似文献
104.
Masahiro Okada Kanako Shimizu Shin-ichiro Fujii 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
The clinical benefits of immune checkpoint blockage (ICB) therapy have been widely reported. In patients with cancer, researchers have demonstrated the clinical potential of antitumor cytotoxic T cells that can be reinvigorated or enhanced by ICB. Compared to self-antigens, neoantigens derived from tumor somatic mutations are believed to be ideal immune targets in tumors. Candidate tumor neoantigens can be identified through immunogenomic or immunopeptidomic approaches. Identification of neoantigens has revealed several points of the clinical relevance. For instance, tumor mutation burden (TMB) may be an indicator of immunotherapy. In various cancers, mutation rates accompanying neoantigen loads may be indicative of immunotherapy. Furthermore, mismatch repair-deficient tumors can be eradicated by T cells in ICB treatment. Hence, immunotherapies using vaccines or adoptive T-cell transfer targeting neoantigens are potential innovative strategies. However, significant efforts are required to identify the optimal epitopes. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the identification of neoantigens and discussed preclinical and clinical studies based on neoantigens. We also discuss the issues remaining to be addressed before clinical applications of these new therapeutic strategies can be materialized. 相似文献
105.
Masahiro Takahashi Yutaka Kimura Mitsuki Hagiwara Keiki Kishikawa Shigeo Kohmoto 《Synthetic Metals》2011,161(15-16):1557-1562
Improved synthesis and reinvestigation of the magnetic properties of triphenylamine bearing three nitronylnitroxide radicals (1) were carried out. Single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis of 1 established that its molecular shape had a C3-symmetry. Our newly prepared 1 showed different physical properties from those of reported. SQUID measurements of 1 showed that each of the three spins of 1 behaved independently at room temperature. In contrast, the three spins coupled antiferromagnetically at lower temperature as low as ca. 1.8 K. These spin behaviors can be explained by a regular triangular antiferromagnetic model (J/kB = ?3.3 K) and interpreted as a spin frustration system. 相似文献
106.
Kiyoharu Nakagawa Hirokazu Oda Akira Yamashita Masahiro Okamoto Yoichi Sato Hidenori Gamo Mikka Nishitani-Gamo Kazuyuki Ogawa Toshihiro Ando 《Journal of Materials Science》2009,44(1):221-226
We developed a novel spherical carbon material. The spherical carbon is composed of a high density of carbon nanotubes or
nanofilaments, and includes an oxidized diamond particle as a core. Syntheses of this carbon in high volume with high selectivity
may be possible. It is expected that this carbon will be useful as a catalyst material for fuel cells, electric double-layer
capacitors, etc. 相似文献
107.
Konosuke Nishida Yasuo Yanagibashi Masahiro Osako 《The International journal of environmental studies》2013,70(3):237-249
The adoption of the sensory odor test will prevail widely in many local self governments in Japan in order to evaluate and regulate the complex odor in fields. This is also done by the tri‐angle choice bag test. However, this procedure has several problems in the reliability and reproducibility of the results obtained. It is desired to solve these problems by the mechanization of the method. From this point of view, an experimental study on the flow rate of test odor has been carried out and the results obtained are described in this paper. It is confirmed that the optimum flow rate of test odor is about 41/min at the inlet of the mask in the dynamic sniffing method. 相似文献
108.
This paper proposes a method for automatic design of the sensory morphology of a mobile robot. The proposed method employs two types of adaptations, ontogenetic and phylogenetic, to optimize the sensory morphology of the robot. In ontogenetic adaptation, reinforcement learning searches for the optimal policy, which is highly dependent on the sensory morphology. In phylogenetic adaptation, a genetic algorithm is used to select morphologies with which the robot can learn tasks faster. Our proposed method was applied to the design of the sensory morphology of a line‐following robot. We performed simulation experiments to compare the design solution with a hand‐coded robot. The results of the experiments revealed that our robot outperformed the hand‐coded robot in terms of the following accuracy and learning speed, although our robot had fewer sensors than the hand‐coded one. We also built a physical robot using the design solution. The experimental results revealed that this physical robot used its morphology effectively and outperformed the hand‐coded robot. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(1): 48–57, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20965 相似文献
109.
Kei Masaki Yusuke K. Shibama Shinji Sakurai Masahiro Katayama Akira Sakasai 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2011,86(9-11):1872-1876
JT-60 is planned to be upgraded to JT-60SA tokamak machine with fully superconducting coils, which is a project of the JA-EU satellite tokamak program under both Broader Approach program and Japanese domestic program. The JT-60SA vacuum vessel (VV) has a D-shape poloidal cross section and a toroidal configuration with 10° facet segmented in toroidal direction. The material of the VV is 316L stainless steel with low cobalt content of <0.05 wt%. A double wall structure is adopted for the VV to ensure high rigidity and high toroidal one-turn resistance simultaneously.Fundamental welding R&D and a trial manufacturing of the 20° upper half of the VV have been performed to study the manufacturing procedure. After the confirmation of the quality of the mock-up, manufacturing of the actual VV started in November 2009. 相似文献
110.
Talking entails costs of production and time, although some of the information sent to hearers will be of value to them in
general. We believe that the matter of why we talk at all is a key question for the origin of language, and the answer will
shed some light on the mystery of human identity. This article focuses on altruism in communication, and aims to demonstrate
evolutionary scenarios based on multilevel selection. We constructed a computational model to examine these scenarios. The
evolutionary experiments showed that in the case of an unstructured population, a linguistic system hardly emerged due to
the dynamics between interpretable utterance that imposes a penalty and correct interpretation that yields a reward, which
is similar to prey-predator dynamics. However, in the case of a multigroup population, a linguistic system emerged owing to
multilevel selection among the groups. In addition, the probability of success in conversation was higher in a group in more
severe environmental conditions. This result supports Bickerton’s hypothesis based on the ecological gap between human ancestors
and other ape species. 相似文献