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91.
Lianqi Zhang Hideyuki Noguchi Decheng Li Takahisa Muta Xiaoqing Wang Masaki Yoshio Izumi Taniguchi 《Journal of power sources》2008
On the basis of extreme similarity between the triangle phase diagrams of LiNiO2–LiTiO2–Li[Li1/3Ti2/3]O2 and LiNiO2–LiMnO2–Li[Li1/3Mn2/3]O2, new Li–Ni–Ti–O series with a nominal composition of Li1+z/3Ni1/2−z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 (0 ≤ z ≤ 0.5) was designed and attempted to prepare via a spray-drying method. XRD identified that new Li–Ni–Ti–O compounds had cubic rocksalt structure, in which Li, Ni and Ti were evenly distributed on the octahedral sites in cubic closely packed lattice of oxygen ions. They can be considered as the solid solution between cubic LiNi1/2Ti1/2O2 and Li[Li1/3Ti2/3]O2 (high temperature form). Charge–discharge tests showed that Li–Ni–Ti–O compounds with appropriate compositions could display a considerable capacity (more than 80 mAh g−1 for 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 0.27) at room temperature in the voltage range of 4.5–2.5 V and good electrochemical properties within respect to capacity (more than 150 mAh g−1 for 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.27), cycleability and rate capability at an elevated temperature of 50 °C. These suggest that the disordered cubic structure in some cases may function as a good host structure for intercalation/deintercalation of Li+. A preliminary electrochemical comparison between Li1+z/3Ni1/2−z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 (0 ≤ z ≤ 0.5) and Li6/5Ni2/5Ti2/5O2 indicated that charge–discharge mechanism based on Ni redox at the voltage of >3.0 V behaved somewhat differently, that is, Ni could be reduced to +2 in Li1+z/3Ni1/2−z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 while +3 in Li6/5Ni2/5Ti2/5O2. Reduction of Ti4+ at a plateau of around 2.3 V could be clearly detected in Li1+z/3Ni1/2−z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 with 0.27 ≤ z ≤ 0.5 at 50 °C after a deep charge associated with charge compensation from oxygen ion during initial cycle. 相似文献
92.
Shinya Kato Yasuyoshi Kurokawa Yuya Watanabe Yasuharu Yamada Akira Yamada Yoshimi Ohta Yusuke Niwa Masaki Hirota 《Nanoscale research letters》2013,8(1):216
Silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays were prepared on silicon substrates by metal-assisted chemical etching and peeled from the substrates, and their optical properties were measured. The absorption coefficient of the SiNW arrays was higher than that for the bulk silicon over the entire region. The absorption coefficient of a SiNW array composed of 10-μm-long nanowires was much higher than the theoretical absorptance of a 10-μm-thick flat Si wafer, suggesting that SiNW arrays exhibit strong optical confinement. To reveal the reason for this strong optical confinement demonstrated by SiNW arrays, angular distribution functions of their transmittance were experimentally determined. The results suggest that Mie-related scattering plays a significant role in the strong optical confinement of SiNW arrays. 相似文献
93.
Shinya Kato Yasuyoshi Kurokawa Shinsuke Miyajima Yuya Watanabe Akira Yamada Yoshimi Ohta Yusuke Niwa Masaki Hirota 《Nanoscale research letters》2013,8(1):361
To achieve a high-efficiency silicon nanowire (SiNW) solar cell, surface passivation technique is very important because a SiNW array has a large surface area. We successfully prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) high-quality aluminum oxide (Al2O3) film for passivation on the whole surface of the SiNW arrays. The minority carrier lifetime of the Al2O3-depositedSiNW arrays with bulk silicon substrate was improved to 27 μs at the optimum annealing condition. To remove the effect of bulk silicon, the effective diffusion length of minority carriers in the SiNW array was estimated by simple equations and a device simulator. As a result, it was revealed that the effective diffusion length in the SiNW arrays increased from 3.25 to 13.5 μm by depositing Al2O3 and post-annealing at 400°C. This improvement of the diffusion length is very important for application to solar cells, and Al2O3 deposited by ALD is a promising passivation material for a structure with high aspect ratio such as SiNW arrays. 相似文献
94.
Okuda T Kato J Mori J Tenmoku M Suda Y Tanaka S He K Ma Y Yang F Yu X Duan F Lei Y 《The Science of the total environment》2004,330(1-3):145-158
This paper describes the daily concentrations of trace metals and ionic constituents in the aerosol of Beijing, China from March 2001 to August 2003. Daily PM10 concentrations were also measured from September 2001 to August 2003. The daily average PM10 concentration at Beijing, China from September 2001 to August 2003 was 171+/-117 microg m(-3) (n = 673), which is 5-fold higher than at Yokohama, Japan. Trace metal concentrations were analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with a laser ablation sample introduction (LA/ICP-MS), which is a rapid and simultaneous method for multi-element analysis. The daily average metal concentrations in TSP in Beijing from March 2001 to August 2003 were: Al: 3.5+/-2.4 (n = 727), Ti: 0.47+/-0.35 (n = 720), V: 0.013+/-0.010 (n = 716), Cr: 0.019+/-0.015 (n = 618), Mn: 0.24+/-0.16 (n = 730), Fe: 5.5+/-3.9 (n = 728), Co: 0.0046+/-0.0055 (n = 629), Ni: 0.022+/-0.024 (n = 680), Cu: 0.11+/-0.11 (n = 660), Zn: 0.77+/-0.60 (n = 726), As: 0.048+/-0.047 (n = 731), Se: 0.010+/-0.010 (n = 550), Cd: 0.0068+/-0.0082 (n = 709), Sb: 0.033+/-0.036 (n = 687), and Pb: 0.43+/-0.50 (n = 728) (unit, microg m(-3)). All the metal concentrations in TSP in Beijing, China were 1.7-21.8 times higher than those in TSP in the center of Tokyo, Japan. Notably, As concentrations in TSP in Beijing were 20-fold higher than those in Tokyo. Source identification of aerosols in Beijing was carried out by using the chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model, with the daily concentration of metals in the aerosol. The major primary sources of the aerosol of Beijing were considered to be soil dust and coal combustion. Vehicle exhaust contribution tended to increase. 相似文献
95.
Hiromichi Gima Jun Adachi Masahito Katayama Hiroaki Muta Masayoshi Uno Shinsuke Yamanaka 《Journal of Nuclear Materials》2009,389(1):155-159
We prepared polycrystalline pellets of (U,Y)O2, containing YO1.5 up to 11 mol.%. We performed indentation tests on the pellets, and evaluated the Young’s modulus and hardness. We measured the heat capacity and the thermal diffusivity, and evaluated the thermal conductivity. We succeeded in evaluating the effect of Y content on the thermophysical properties of (U,Y)O2. We revealed that the Young’s modulus, hardness, and thermal conductivity of (U,Y)O2 decreased with increasing the Y content. 相似文献
96.
Takeyuki Gotoh Fuyuki Abe Takenori Ishizu Masaki Yoshio 《Journal of power sources》1996,60(2):193-196
A study of the pyrolysis of an aqueous solution of manganese nitrate in the presence of silver compounds has been carried out. Thermal analysis showed that the MnO2 formation temperature and the transformation temperature from MnO2 to Mn2O3 shifted towards a lower temperature in the presence of silver acetate. A large particle-size and high crystallinity MnO2 was formed; this may be a useful method of making an excellent tantalum capacitor with high capacitance. 相似文献
97.
Cryptosporidium monitoring system at a water treatment plant, based on waterborne risk assessment. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The water volume required for daily monitoring of Cryptosporidium (which can statistically ensure an annual risk of infection below 10(-4)), was assessed by evaluating the applicability of the Poisson lognormal (PLN) distribution in microbial risk assessment. PLN showed as good a fit to the observed data as to the negative binomial distribution. From the estimated PLN distributions for the source and finished water, the efficacy of the oocyst removal by the conventional water treatment process was estimated to follow log-normal distribution (median = 3.16 log10, 95% CI = 4.27-2.05 log10). The 365 consecutive negative results of daily monitoring for 180 L of finished water were found to be statistically equivalent to the annual risk of infection below 10(-4). This research also suggested the possibility of applying a qualitative detection method, such as CC-PCR, as a routine monitoring method for the quantitative risk management. 相似文献
98.
Masaki Saito Marina Hirano Tomohiro Izumi Yu Mori Kentaro Ito Yurika Saitoh Nobuo Terada Takeya Sato Jun Sukegawa 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)
The primary cilium is a hair-like immotile organelle with specific membrane receptors, including the receptor of Hedgehog signaling, smoothened. The cilium organized in preosteoblasts promotes differentiation of the cells into osteoblasts (osteoblast differentiation) by mediating Hedgehog signaling to achieve bone formation. Notably, 4.1G is a plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein that plays essential roles in various tissues, including the peripheral nervous system, testis, and retina. However, its function in the bone remains unexplored. In this study, we identified 4.1G expression in the bone. We found that, in the 4.1G-knockout mice, calcium deposits and primary cilium formation were suppressed in the trabecular bone, which is preosteoblast-rich region of the newborn tibia, indicating that 4.1G is a prerequisite for osteoblast differentiation by organizing the primary cilia in preosteoblasts. Next, we found that the primary cilium was elongated in the differentiating mouse preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1, whereas the knockdown of 4.1G suppressed its elongation. Moreover, 4.1G-knockdown suppressed the induction of the cilia-mediated Hedgehog signaling and subsequent osteoblast differentiation. These results demonstrate a new regulatory mechanism of 4.1G in bone formation that promotes the primary ciliogenesis in the differentiating preosteoblasts and induction of cilia-mediated osteoblast differentiation, resulting in bone formation at the newborn stage. 相似文献
99.
Tomoya Hasegawa Mikako Ito Satoru Hasegawa Masaki Teranishi Koki Takeda Shuto Negishi Hiroshi Nishiwaki Jun-ichi Takeda Tyler W. LeBaron Kinji Ohno 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
Molecular hydrogen ameliorates pathological states in a variety of human diseases, animal models, and cell models, but the effects of hydrogen on cancer have been rarely reported. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of hydrogen remain mostly unelucidated. We found that hydrogen enhances proliferation of four out of seven human cancer cell lines (the responders). The proliferation-promoting effects were not correlated with basal levels of cellular reactive oxygen species. Expression profiling of the seven cells showed that the responders have higher gene expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) molecules than the non-responders. In addition, the responders have higher mitochondrial mass, higher mitochondrial superoxide, higher mitochondrial membrane potential, and higher mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity than the non-responders. In the responders, hydrogen provoked mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR). Suppression of cell proliferation by rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ETC complex I, was rescued by hydrogen in the responders. Hydrogen triggers mtUPR and induces cell proliferation in cancer cells that have high basal and spare mitochondrial ETC activities. 相似文献
100.
Shoya Ueno Yuki Nakamura Ken-Ichi Sugioka Masaki Kubo Takao Tsukada Masahito Uchikoshi Hiroyuki Fukuyama 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2017,38(2):16
The normal spectral emissivity of molten Cu–Co alloy with different compositions was measured in the wavelength range of 780 nm to 920 nm and in the temperature range of 1430 K to 1770 K including the undercooled condition by an electromagnetic levitator superimposed with a static magnetic field. The emissivity was determined as the ratio of the radiance from a levitated molten Cu–Co droplet measured by a spectrometer to the radiance from a blackbody calculated by Planck’s law at a given temperature, where a static magnetic field of 2.5 T to 4.5 T was applied to the levitated droplet to suppress the surface oscillation and translational motion of the sample. We found little temperature dependence of the normal spectral emissivity of molten Cu–Co alloy. Concerning the composition dependence, the emissivity decreased markedly above 80 at%Cu and reached that of pure Cu, although its dependence was low between 20 at%Cu and 80 at%Cu. In addition, this composition dependence of the emissivity of molten Cu–Co alloy can be explained well by the Drude free-electron model. 相似文献