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排序方式: 共有156条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Didier M Leone L Greneche JM Giffaut E Charlet L 《Environmental science & technology》2012,46(6):3574-3579
In order to assess the adsorption properties of hydrogen gas and reactivity of adsorbed hydrogen, we measured H(2)(g) adsorption on Na synthetic montmorillonite-type clays and Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) clayrock using gas chromatography. Synthetic montmorillonites with increasing structural Fe(III) substitution (0 wt %, 3.2 wt %, and 6.4 wt % Fe) were used. Fe in the synthetic montmorillonites is principally present as structural Fe(III) ions. We studied the concomitant reduction of structural Fe(III) in the clays using (57)Fe M?ssbauer spectrometry. The COx, which mainly contains smectite/illite and calcite minerals, is also studied together with the pure clay fraction of this clayrock. Experiments were performed with dry clay samples which were reacted with hydrogen gas at 90 and 120 °C for 30 to 45 days at a hydrogen partial pressure close to 0.45 bar. Results indicate that up to 0.11 wt % of hydrogen is adsorbed on the clays at 90 °C under 0.45 bar of relative pressure. (57)Fe M?ssbauer spectrometry shows that up to 6% of the total structural Fe(III) initially present in these synthetic clays is reduced upon adsorption of hydrogen gas. No reduction is observed with the COx sample in the present experimental conditions. 相似文献
82.
Damien Delaval Mathilde Casetta Rene Delobel Michel Traisnel Jacques Guillet Claude Raveyre Serge Bourbigot 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2009,112(4):2270-2279
In this study, the effect of processing cycles and two pollutants (engine oil (HM) and ethylene glycol (EG)) on the thermal and rheological properties of polypropylene‐based materials (108MF97 and 7510) has been studied. It was investigated if polymers coming from bumper face bar could keep their properties and can be reused after recycling. The different results demonstrate that the two polymers that were polluted and recycled do not show any decrease of their intrinsic properties. Moreover, for one of the two polymers (108MF97), the presence of engine oil enables to increase the thermal stability and reaction to fire. Finally, it appears that the reuse of such polymers is possible. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
83.
Zaaraoui W Deloire M Merle M Girard C Raffard G Biran M Inglese M Petry KG Gonen O Brochet B Franconi JM Dousset V 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》2008,21(5):357-362
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess quantitatively structural changes in myelin content occurring during demyelination and remyelination by magnetization transfer imaging (MTI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a reversible model of demyelination with no axonal loss, mice intoxicated by cuprizone were studied by MTI in vivo at 9.4 T. MRI data were compared to histopathological examinations. RESULTS: Data revealed that the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) decreased significantly during demyelination and increased during remyelination with strong correlation to the myelin content (r = 0.79, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that MTR is a sensitive and reproducible quantitative marker to assess myelin loss and repair. This may lead to in vivo monitoring of therapeutic strategies promoting remyelination. 相似文献
84.
In this paper the development and assessment of a new formative evaluation method called the problem identification picture
cards (PIPC) method is described. This method enables young children to express both usability and fun problems while playing
a computer game. The method combines the traditional thinking-aloud method with picture cards that children can place in a
box to indicate that there is a certain type of problem. An experiment to assess this method shows that children may express
more problems (verbally, or with a picture card, or with a combination of a picture card and a verbalisation) with the PIPC
method than without this method (in which they can only indicate problems verbally). Children in the experiment did not just
replace verbalisations by using the provided picture cards and some children preferred to use the PIPC method during the test
instead of the standard thinking-aloud method. The PIPC method or some aspects of the method could be a good instrument to
increase the amount of information expressed by young children during an evaluation. 相似文献
85.
We use a finite element model to predict the vibration response of objects in a rigid body simulation, such that rigid objects are augmented to provide a plausible elastic collision response between distant objects due to vibration. We start with a generalized eigenvalue decomposition of the elastic model to precompute a response to an impact at any point on an elastic object with fixed boundary conditions. Then, given a collision between objects, we generate an approximate response impulse to distribute to other objects already in contact with the colliding bodies. This can lead to distant impacts causing an object to slip, or a delicate stack of objects to fall. We also use a geodesic distance based spatial attenuation approximation for travelling waves in objects to respond to an impact at one contact with an impulse at other locations. This response ultimately allows a long distance relationship between contacts, both across a single object being struck, but also traversing the contact graph of a larger collection of objects. We qualitatively validate our approach with a ground truth simulation, and demonstrate a number of scenarios where a long distance relationship between contacts is valuable. 相似文献
86.
87.
Morten Andersen Jon E. Carl Nicolaj Cruys-Bagger Mathilde R. Lilliedal Mark A. Hammond Bjrn Winther-Jensen Frederik C. Krebs 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2007,91(6):761-543
The oxygen permeability of the transparent organic anode poly(3,4,-ethylene dioxythiophene) with paratoluenesulphonate as the anion (PEDOT:pTS) was determined to be (STP) , and is thus comparable in magnitude to the oxygen permeability of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET). The oxygen diffusion through bilayers of polyethylene (PE) and PEDOT:pTS and bilayers of PET and PEDOT:pTS was established. The bilayer structures were applied as the carrier substrate and the transparent anode in polymer-based photovoltaic devices employing a mixture of poly(1-methoxy-4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butanoicacidmethylester (PCBM) as the active layer and aluminium as the cathode. The oxygen permeability of the layers and the aluminium cathode was correlated with the lifetime of the solar cell devices. It was found that the performance of the devices with PET as the carrier substrate degraded more slowly due to the lower oxygen and water permeability, whereas devices using PE as the carrier substrate gave devices with a very short lifetime. It was found that PEDOT:pTS on its own is a not a significant barrier for oxygen in the context of photovoltaic devices where long lifetimes are anticipated. It is concluded that the large oxygen permeability of the barrier layers contribute to the short device lifetimes while other permeates such as water also contribute to device degradation. 相似文献
88.
89.
Jiske F. Tiersma Bernard Evers Barbara M. Bakker Mathilde Jalving Steven de Jong 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(7)
Melanoma is characterized by high glucose uptake, partially mediated through elevated pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), making PDK a potential treatment target in melanoma. We aimed to reduce glucose uptake in melanoma cell lines through PDK inhibitors dichloroacetate (DCA) and AZD7545 and through PDK knockdown, to inhibit cell growth and potentially unveil metabolic co-vulnerabilities resulting from PDK inhibition. MeWo cells were most sensitive to DCA, while SK-MEL-2 was the least sensitive, with IC50 values ranging from 13.3 to 27.0 mM. DCA strongly reduced PDH phosphorylation and increased the oxygen consumption rate:extracellular acidification rate (OCR:ECAR) ratio up to 6-fold. Knockdown of single PDK isoforms had similar effects on PDH phosphorylation and OCR:ECAR ratio as DCA but did not influence sensitivity to DCA. Growth inhibition by DCA was synergistic with the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839 (2- to 5-fold sensitization) and with diclofenac, known to inhibit monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) (3- to 8-fold sensitization). CB-839 did not affect the OCR:ECAR response to DCA, whereas diclofenac strongly inhibited ECAR and further increased the OCR:ECAR ratio. We conclude that in melanoma cell lines, DCA reduces proliferation through reprogramming of cellular metabolism and synergizes with other metabolically targeted drugs. 相似文献
90.
Alban Launay Sylvie Jolivet Gilles Clment Marco Zarattini Younes Dellero Rozenn Le Hir Mathieu Jossier Michael Hodges Dominique Expert Mathilde Fagard 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(8)
DspA/E is a type three effector injected by the pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora inside plant cells. In non-host Arabidopsis thaliana, DspA/E inhibits seed germination, root growth, de novo protein synthesis and triggers localized cell death. To better understand the mechanisms involved, we performed EMS mutagenesis on a transgenic line, 13-1-2, containing an inducible dspA/E gene. We identified three suppressor mutants, two of which belonged to the same complementation group. Both were resistant to the toxic effects of DspA/E. Metabolome analysis showed that the 13-1-2 line was depleted in metabolites of the TCA cycle and accumulated metabolites associated with cell death and defense. TCA cycle and cell-death associated metabolite levels were respectively increased and reduced in both suppressor mutants compared to the 13-1-2 line. Whole genome sequencing indicated that both suppressor mutants displayed missense mutations in conserved residues of Glycolate oxidase 2 (GOX2), a photorespiratory enzyme that we confirmed to be localized in the peroxisome. Leaf GOX activity increased in leaves infected with E. amylovora in a DspA/E-dependent manner. Moreover, the gox2-2 KO mutant was more sensitive to E. amylovora infection and displayed reduced JA-signaling. Our results point to a role for glycolate oxidase in type II non-host resistance and to the importance of central metabolic functions in controlling growth/defense balance. 相似文献