The Conceptual Model of Well-Being Management Based on Achieving Requisite Personal Holism

Organizations should look at humans as multilayered, not only as professional entities. In synergy, not only individually, we define humans as: (1) physical, (2) mental, (3) social, (4) spiritual, and (5) economic entities, marked by requisitely holistic patterns of relatively permanent characteristics, due to which individuals differ from each other; they differ also as specialized professionals. All these and other attributes form synergies. On this basis, the behavior of individuals who are willing to practice interdisciplinary cooperation becomes socially responsible and they have a high level of well-being.

Individuals as well as organizations seek requisite personal holism (RPH) on the one hand and psychic well-being (PWB) on the other hand. Thus, individuals implement individual techniques and organizations implement special strategies, programs, and actions in the frame of human resource management (HRM). That is how organizations in the frame of HRM, more specifically in the frame of management well-being, are developing special programs for managing PWB. These programs are based on their RPH and organizations might help employees to feel respected and valued in their work settings, without regard to their culture, religion, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, or other individual differences. The most-often applied programs of the kind include: (1) stress management programs, (2) diversity management programs, (3) wellness programs, (4) employee assistance programs, and (5) programs for personal growth.     

Average-case improvements when integrating ML and KA

In this paper we develop a mathematical analysis, based on empirical measurements, of expected average improvements when integrating Machine Learning and Knowledge Acquisition systems in real-life domains. The analysis is based on the characteristics of component systems and combining techniques. Important characteristics include the accuracy of component systems, the degree to which component systems complement each other's weaknesses, and the ability of the combining mechanism to make good choices among competing component systems. Empirical measurements in a real-life application, in the Sendzimir rolling mill, have shown that integrating both approaches enables significant improvements. Improvements when combining systems in two oncological domains were smaller, yet positive again. Analytical average-case integrated models consisting of two systems are introduced. Conditions for improvements over the best, average and the worst system are established and the expected gains are analytically computed based on expected performances. Models strongly suggest that a reasonable integration of two systems offers significant improvements over the best single system in many or even most real-life domains.     

Improved solidification influence modelling for Eulerian fuel-coolant interaction codes

Steam explosion experiments revealed important differences in the efficiency between simulant alumina and oxidic corium melts. The experimentally observed differences are importantly attributed to the differences in the melt droplets solidification and void production, which are limiting phenomena in the steam explosion process and have to be adequately modelled in fuel-coolant interaction codes. This article focuses on the modelling of the solidification effect. An improved solidification influence modelling approach for Eulerian fuel-coolant interaction codes was developed and is presented herein.The solidification influence modelling in fuel-coolant interaction codes is strongly related to the modelling of the temperature profile and the mechanical effect of the crust on the fragmentation process. Therefore the first objective was to introduce an improved temperature profile modelling and a fragmentation criterion for partly solidified droplets. The fragmentation criterion was based on the established modified Weber number, which considers the crust stiffness as a stabilizing force acting to retain the crust under presence of the hydrodynamic forces. The modified Weber number was validated on experimental data. The application of the developed improved solidification influence modelling enables an improved determination of the melt droplet mass, which can be efficiently involved in the fine fragmentation during the steam explosion process. Additionally, also the void production modelling is improved, because it is strongly related to the temperature profile modelling in the frame of the solidification influence modelling. Therefore the second objective was to enable an improved solidification influence modelling in codes with an Eulerian formulation of the droplet field. Two additional transported model parameters based on the most important droplets features regarding the fuel-coolant interaction behaviour, were derived. First, the crust stiffness was considered as an important property, because it enables the correct prediction of the amount of droplets participating in the fine fragmentation process during the explosion phase. Second, the heat flux from the droplet interior to the surface was considered as an important feature, because it enables to improve the surface temperature determination and reflects the history of the droplet's cooling. The last objective was to implement the improved solidification influence modelling into the Eulerian code MC3D. The first demonstrative simulations with the implemented modelling are promising and are showing improvements in the simulation capability.     

Inhibition of copper corrosion by 1,2,3-benzotriazole: A review

Benzotriazole (BTAH) has been known for more than sixty years to be a very effective inhibitor of corrosion for copper and its alloys. In spite of numerous studies devoted to the investigation of BTAH action, the mechanism of its action is still not completely understood. The aim of this review is to summarize important work in the field of BTAH as a copper corrosion inhibitor, from the early discoveries to the present time. Special attention is given to the BTAH surface structure. The disagreement between findings and mechanisms is discussed.     

Properties of liquefied wood modified melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin adhesive and its application for bonding particleboards

In this study, we modified melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin adhesive with liquefied wood (LW) and determined the properties of MF–LW adhesive mixtures. Furthermore, we produced particleboards using prepared MF–LW mixtures and evaluated their mechanical and physical properties. Results showed that with increasing content of LW in the adhesive mixture gel time and peak temperature increased while reaction enthalpy decreased. With increasing substitution of MF resin adhesive with LW the thermal stability of adhesive mixture reduced, namely thermal degradation started at lower temperature and weight loss increased. Properties of particleboards improved with increasing amount of LW in the adhesive mixture up to 20% and then deteriorated. Nevertheless, the properties of particleboard with 30% LW in the adhesive mixture were comparable to the properties of particleboard without LW while they worsen at greater portion of LW. Consequently, MF resin adhesive with 30% LW substitution could be used to produce particleboards with suitable mechanical properties and reduced formaldehyde release content.     

Synthesis,morphology, microstructure and magnetic properties of hematite submicron particles

We report on hydrothermal synthesis, plate-like morphology, microstructure and magnetic properties of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) plate-like particles. The sample is obtained immediately after the hydrothermal process without using any template and without further heat treatment. The so-obtained sample is characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. XRPD confirms the formation of a single-phase hematite sample whereas EDX reveals that iron and oxygen are the only components of the sample. SEM, FE-SEM, TEM and HRTEM show that the sample is composed of plate-like particles. The width of the particles is ～500 nm whereas thickness is ～100 nm (aspect ratio 5:1). The HRTEM images exhibit well defined lattice fringes of α-Fe₂O₃ particles that confirm their high crystallinity. Moreover, the HRTEM analysis indicates the plate-like particles preferring crystal growth along [0 1 2] direction. Magnetic measurements display significant hysteretic behavior at room temperature with coercivity H_C = 1140 Oe, remanent magnetization M_r = 0.125 emu/g and saturation magnetization M_S = 2.15 emu/g as well as the Morin transition at T_M ～ 250 K. The magnetic properties are discussed with respect to morphology and microstructure of the particles. The results and comparison with urchin-like, rods, spherical, hexagonal, star-like, dendrites, platelets, irregular, nanoplatelets, nanocolumns and nanospheres hematites reveal that the plate-like particles possess good magnetic properties. One may conjecture that the shape anisotropy plays an important role in the magnetic properties of the sample.     

Strengthening via the Formation of Strain-Induced Martensite and the Effects of Laser Marking on the Microstructure of Austenitic Stainless Steel

The deformation behavior and microstructure characteristics of 304L stainless steel during strip rolling and bar extrusion at different strains and temperatures, from room to liquid-nitrogen temperature, were investigated with Vickers hardness, light microscopy, and electron-backscatter-diffraction. The relative volume fractions of transformed martensite at different stages of the deformation process were assessed using Ferritescope MP-30. It was found that during rolling and extrusion the relative volume fraction of martensite increases with increasing strain and decreasing temperature. According to the enhancement of the mechanical and magnetic properties after isothermal treatment at 673 K (400 °C), it is assumed that both, ε-martensite and α′-martensite, are present in the deformation microstructure, indicating the simultaneous stress-induced transformation and strain-induced transformation of austenite. The effects of the laser surface treatment and the local appearance of a non-magnetic phase due to the α′ → γ transformation after the laser surface treatment were also investigated.     

Phase transfer catalyzed esterification: modeling and experimental studies in a microreactor under parallel flow conditions

A liquid–liquid phase transfer catalyzed (PTC) esterification reaction of 4-t-butylphenol in aqueous phase (1 M sodium hydroxide solution) and 4-methoxybenzoyl chloride in organic phase (dichloromethane) in a microchannel under parallel laminar flow conditions was studied in this work. Tetrabutylammonium bromide was used as the PTC. Stable liquid–liquid hydrodynamic flow and a defined specific interfacial area in a microreactor offer considerable benefits over conventional batch reactors and are crucial to study interactions between kinetics and mass transfer effects. Mentioned features were used to develop a 3D mathematical model considering convection in the flow direction, diffusion in all spatial directions, and reactions in organic and aqueous phases. Results have shown a much higher mass transfer rate of the PTC between both phases as the one predicted by the 3D mathematical model. It may be assumed that the instability of parallel flow, along with the mass transfer of catalyst between both phases, causes rippling and erratic pulsation at the interface which then leads to interfacial convection and increased mass transfer rates. With a proposed correlation for mass transfer enhancement due to interfacial convection, all the experimental data were successfully predicted by the model.