Political orientations of academically affiliated psychologists.

A sample was drawn by selecting every 34th name of the psychologists in the 1961 APA Directory (or closest entry thereto) identified as being principally employed as an academic psychologist in a college or university. Tables are provided summarizing party preference, presidential vote in prior elections, party affiliation of parents, reasons for party choice, political attitude score, political participation, father's principal occupation and denominational preference, respondents regional residence, annual income, age, religious preference, and related matters. About 7 out of 10 reported they were registered as Democrats or preferred the Democratic party. Psychologists, sociologists, and political scientists come from populations with relatively similar demographic characteristics. An increasing proportion of academic psychologists have supported the Democratic presidential candidate during the past 36 yr. Comparisons are made among psychologists, sociologists, and political scientists. Psychologists report higher incomes than the other 2 groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermal history and mechanical properties

An account is given of three separate experiments in which the creep modulus and the recovery after creep are shown to be strongly affected by the thermal history. The tensile creep modulus of several amorphous plastics in their glassy state increases with storage time; the recovery after creep can be very much worse than normal under some quite ordinary operating conditions; the modulus in flexure of polypropylene at 20°C is remarkably sensitive to minor thermal treatment (e.g. quenching to 0°C after a short period at 40°C). The results, including those on the polypropylene, are all consistent with the concept of slow molecular re-ordering leading to a state of lower free volume. The implications for materials evaluation programmes are discussed.     

Social inhibition of spontaneous facial expressions in children.

Social inhibition (SI) of facial expression, defined as suppression of facial behavior in someone's presence, was examined in 16 1st and 14 6th graders. SI was evident at both ages and was reflected in decreased facial expressiveness when someone else was present and in increased uncertainty of raters in assigning emotion labels to those expressions. The accuracy of inferences about the events that precipitated the facial expressions also were significantly reduced by SI. Among the reasons that have been offered to explain SI are the disruptive effects of anxiety, a history of punishment, and socialization processes. Whatever the origins of SI are, the presence of a potential partner in communication produces suppression of an important communicative behavior—facial expression. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Low overvoltage electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolving electrodes

An electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolving cathodes has been developed for use in alkaline media. The materials employed in manufacturing the coating are relatively cheap transition metals. The results of a variety of performance tests are reported. The electrodes exhibit a low overvoltage for hydrogen evolution (70–90 mV at 70°C and 1A cm^?2 in 5 N KOH), stability to abuse (e.g. current interruption or reversal) and a long cathode life under operating conditions.     

Perspectives in residence-time distributions

A short history is given of the development of interest in residence-time distributions. Attention is concentrated on the role played in this development by Danckwerts' 1953 paper [6]. This defined the residence-time functions in the form now customarily used, and much subsequent development remains based on the approaches laid out in [6], for example, applications to flow through packed beds. Flow in pipes owes much to Taylor[12–14], but Danckwerts' work on the effect of a spread of residence times on the performance of reactors remains basic to this topic.     

Instrumentation problems for physicians

The physician has, for whatever reasons, diminished his or her level of involvement on the team dedicated to developing, refining, and evaluating medical technology. As a result, the challenge confronting the physician and the technology development team today is to orchestrate a team structure that will ensure the greatest input and commitment from physicians and other professionals during current and future technology development. The charges of cost escalation and dehumanization in our system of health care delivery will also be discussed, as will the lack of, or confusion about, access to data concerning cost of a given instrument, and fuzzy semantics and perspectives on technology and instrumentation. The author suggests answers to, or means to ameliorate, the problems.     

Chylothorax: report of a case complicating ductus ligation through a median sternotomy, and review

An unusual case of chylothorax is described in a 4-year-old child after repair of a ventricular septal defect and ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus through a median sternotomy. Left chylothorax developed after a latent period of six days and was treated initially with continuous drainage and parenteral supplementation of proteins and lipids. Operative intervention with oversewing of the site of the leak in the anterior mediastinum proved necessary after three weeks. The anatomical variations of the thoracic duct are outlined to explain the occurrence of chylothorax after diverse intrathoracic operations. The physiological effects of a thoracic duct fistula and various aspects of management are reviewed.     

Procedures for the evaluation of the long term strength of plastics and some results for polyvinyl chloride

Some of the problems associated with the study of failure are reviewed and exemplified by results on two commercial grades of PVC. The whole range of failure phenomena, from crazing to fracture, and the effect of notches on durability is discussed. A test schedule involving minimum experimental effort for the evaluation and comparison of the long term durability of thermoplastic materials is proposed.     

Experiments on the use of a laser beam for heat detection

Earlier papers discussed the theory of using lasers for fire detection and described a system that was subsequently developed. The authors report on experiments with the system, which indicate that laser detection system performance is comparable with that of a heat-sensitive point detector of maximum sensitivity permitted by British Standard 3116.