Updated Taxonomy for the Network and Service Management Research Field

Network and service management is an established research field within the general area of computer networks. A few years ago, an initial taxonomy, organizing a comprehensive list of terms and topics, was established through interviews with experts from both industry and academia. This taxonomy has since been used to better partition standardization efforts, identify classes of managed objects and improve the assignment of reviewers to papers submitted in the field. Because the field of network and service management is rapidly evolving, a biyearly update of the taxonomy was proposed. In this paper, a large-scale questionnaire is presented which was answered by experts in the field, evaluating the relevance of each individual topic for the next five years. Missing topics, which are likely to become relevant over the next few years, are identified as well. Furthermore, an analysis is performed of the records of papers submitted to major conferences in the area. Based on the obtained results, an updated version of the taxonomy is proposed.     

Amphiphilic fluorinated block-copolymer coating for the preparation of hydrophobic porous materials

A new approach to the preparation of hydrophobic porous polymers has been proposed. Three series of porous polymers which pores equally well-absorbed as water and organic liquids (benzene and iso-octane) were synthesized by visible light polymerization from compositions based on three different dimethacrylic esters with n-butanol. Three block copolymers based on N-vinylpyrrolidone and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, differing in the length of the poly-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate) block, were synthesized for the purpose of hydrophobization of such porous polymers. A distinctive feature of synthesized block copolymers is that they are soluble only in methanol. It has been found that the treatment of porous polymers only with 2 wt.% of block copolymer methanol solution leads to a decrease water uptake by an order of magnitude, and the absorption of organic liquids does not change. In the course of the study it was possible to obtain a hydrophobic porous polymer sample that has water contact angle θ?=?121^° and a low value of the polar component of the surface Gibbs energy (\( {\gamma}_s^p=0.2 \) mJ·m^?2). The fundamental possibility of using such material for purification of organic liquids from water is shown.

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Exchange reactions control for selective separation of glyoxylic acid in technological mixtures of glyoxal oxidation

Separation of glyoxylic acid from unpurified multicomponent technological mixtures, resulting in the process of direct oxidation of glyoxal, and preparation of sodium glyoxylate are developed. The mixtures are treated with an optimal amount of CaCO_3, which has to be prespecified by acidic–basic titration of the technological mixtures. Both separation of glyoxylic acid and preparation of sodium glyoxylate take place owing to ionic exchange reactions: calcium glyoxylate is easily converted into glyoxylic acid by action of oxalic acid. Reaction with Na₂CO₃ leads to the formation of sodium glyoxylate.     

Wafer-scale reduced graphene oxide films for nanomechanical devices

We report a process to form large-area, few-monolayer graphene oxide films and then recover the outstanding mechanical properties found in graphene to fabricate high Young's modulus ( =185 GPa), low-density nanomechanical resonators. Wafer-scale films as thin as 4 nm are sufficiently robust that they can be delaminated intact and resuspended on a bed of pillars or field of holes. From these films, we demonstrate radio frequency resonators with quality factors (up to 4000) and figures of merit ( f x Q>10(11)) well exceeding those of pure graphene resonators reported to date. These films' ability to withstand high in-plane tension (up to 5 N/m) as well as their high Q-values reveals that film integrity is enhanced by platelet-platelet bonding unavailable in pure graphite.     

Toward full spatiotemporal control on the nanoscale

We introduce an approach to implement full coherent control on nanometer length scales. It is based on spatiotemporal modulation of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) fields at the thick edge of a nanowedge. The SPP wavepackets propagating toward the sharp edge of this nanowedge are compressed and adiabatically concentrated at a nanofocus, forming an ultrashort pulse of local fields. The profile of the focused waveform as a function of time and one spatial dimension is completely coherently controlled.     

Liquid-crystalline semiconducting polymers with high charge-carrier mobility

Organic semiconductors that can be fabricated by simple processing techniques and possess excellent electrical performance, are key requirements in the progress of organic electronics. Both high semiconductor charge-carrier mobility, optimized through understanding and control of the semiconductor microstructure, and stability of the semiconductor to ambient electrochemical oxidative processes are required. We report on new semiconducting liquid-crystalline thieno[3,2-b ]thiophene polymers, the enhancement in charge-carrier mobility achieved through highly organized morphology from processing in the mesophase, and the effects of exposure to both ambient and low-humidity air on the performance of transistor devices. Relatively large crystalline domain sizes on the length scale of lithographically accessible channel lengths ( approximately 200 nm) were exhibited in thin films, thus offering the potential for fabrication of single-crystal polymer transistors. Good transistor stability under static storage and operation in a low-humidity air environment was demonstrated, with charge-carrier field-effect mobilities of 0.2-0.6 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) achieved under nitrogen.     

Aptamer-based viability impedimetric sensor for viruses

The development of aptamer-based viability impedimetric sensor for viruses (AptaVISens-V) is presented. Highly specific DNA aptamers to intact vaccinia virus were selected using cell-SELEX technique and integrated into impedimetric sensors via self-assembly onto a gold microelectrode. Remarkably, this aptasensor is highly selective and can successfully detect viable vaccinia virus particles (down to 60 virions in a microliter) and distinguish them from nonviable viruses in a label-free electrochemical assay format. It also opens a new venue for the development of a variety of viability sensors for detection of many microorganisms and spores.     

大塑性变形纳米结构Al-Mg合金中的形变缺陷和电子辐照效应

为澄清大塑性变形纳米结构Al-Mg合金中形变缺陷形成的本质,采用高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）研究电子辐照对高压扭转合金中面缺陷形成的影响。结果表明：对已有高密度面缺陷的HRTEM图像,经电子束照射一段时间后,这些面缺陷会完全消失;而在没有缺陷的HRTEM图像区域进行电子辐照,即使电子束的照射提高到足以在该区域击出孔洞,整个过程均未观察到任何晶格缺陷。因此,高压扭转合金中的面缺陷主要来源于极度的塑性变形,而与HRTEM观察过程中的电子辐照效应无关。     

Heat partitioning in dry milling of steel

A predictive model for heat induced shape deviations would facilitate the optimization of dry milling strategies. Results from milling experiments aiming at a physically based regression model for the heat flux distribution along the contact arc are presented. The contact arc was discretised by varying the width of cut on four levels for each combination of cutting speed, feed speed, and depth of cut. Heat fluxes to the workpiece were iteratively determined in an inverse procedure. Heat partitioning not only depends on the thermal number as in orthogonal cutting but also on the feed speed and the depth of cut.