A hybrid denoising algorithm based on shearlet transform method and Yaroslavsky’s filter

In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid denoising algorithm based on combining of the shearlet transform method, as a pre-processing step, with the Yaroslavsky’s filter, as a kernel smoother, on a wide class of images with various properties such as thin features and textures. In the other word, proposed algorithm is a two-step algorithm, where in the first step the image is filtered by shearlet transform method and in the second step the weighted Yaroslavsky’s filter is applied on result of first step. The weight coefficients of the Yaroslavsky’s filter are achieved by pixel similarities in the denoised image from the first step. The theoretical results are confirmed via simulations for 2D images corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. Experimental results illustrate that proposed hybrid method has good effect on suppressing the pseudo-Gibbs and shearlet-like artifacts can obtain better performance in terms of mean square error (MSE), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) index rather than existing state-of-the-art methods.     

A new newsvendor policy model for dual-sourcing supply chains by considering disruption risk and special order

Newsvendor model is one of the most important issues in inventory models. In this paper, we investigate a newsvendor model without lead time, which have difference between distributer and wholesale/retailer. At the end of day, the residual products of newsvendor sold to a secondary market at a unit salvage value. Also, the amount of orders that cannot be met, should be paid the penalty for each unit. In addition, in each one of channels, the percent of these orders cannot be met by the distributer. Then, the newsvendor provides the difference between the amount that ordered to distributor and the amount that met in the occurrence of interruptions risk as a special order from the manufacturer, more expensive than the price of distributor. The limitations of the study are the procurement budget that used for special order. Finally, the model is applied in a real case as a numerical example to determine order amount that maximize profit and is solved by Maple 15. The Kuhn–Tucker method was used to illustrate the optimal points that have necessary condition. Also, the hessian matrix was used to illustrate the optimal points that have sufficient condition for optimization. Consequently, the considered points are global optimum. The main factor in the disruption risk that effect on the ordering amount and profit, are including the probability of appearing of disruption \((p_i)\) and a percent of ordering amount which are met in the case of appearing of disruption \((y_i)\). Therefore, the analysis of sensitivity has been done on two parameters of \(p_i\) and \(y_i\) by using contour curves. According to result of solved problem, the change of disruption appearance reduced. Finally, the proposed method besides being simple is so exact which is sensible in the solved problems.     

Inertial focusing of microparticles in curvilinear microchannels with different curvature angles

Inertial microfluidics has become one of the emerging topics due to potential applications such as particle separation, particle enrichment, rapid detection and diagnosis of circulating tumor cells. To realize its integration to such applications, underlying physics should be well understood. This study focuses on particle dynamics in curvilinear channels with different curvature angles (280°, 230°, and 180°) and different channel heights (90, 75, and 60 µm) where the advantages of hydrodynamic forces were exploited. We presented the cruciality of the three-dimensional particle position with respect to inertial lift forces and Dean drag force by examining the focusing behavior of 20 µm (large), 15 µm (medium) and 10 µm (small) fluorescent polystyrene microparticles for a wide range of flow rates (400–2700 µL/min) and corresponding channel Reynolds numbers. Migration of the particles in lateral direction and their equilibrium positions were investigated in detail. In addition, in the light of our findings, we described two different regions: transition region, where the inner wall becomes the outer wall and vice versa, and the outlet region. The maximum distance between the tight particle stream of 20 and 15 µm particles was obtained in the 90 high channel with curvature angle of 280° at Reynolds number of 144 in the transition region (intersection of the turns), which was the optimum condition/configuration for focusing.     

Power efficiency enhancement analysis of an inverse class D power amplifier for NB-IoT applications

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - The power amplifiers (PAs) are generally the most power-consuming building blocks in Radio Frequency (RF) transceivers. This paper presents a high...     

Swallow: Resource and Tag Recommender System Based on Heat Diffusion Algorithm in Social Annotation Systems

Social annotation systems (SAS) allow users to annotate different online resources with keywords (tags). These systems help users in finding, organizing, and retrieving online resources to significantly provide collaborative semantic data to be potentially applied by recommender systems. Previous studies on SAS had been worked on tag recommendation. Recently, SAS‐based resource recommendation has received more attention by scholars. In the most of such systems, with respect to annotated tags, searched resources are recommended to user, and their recent behavior and click‐through is not taken into account. In the current study, to be able to design and implement a more precise recommender system, because of previous users' tagging data and users' current click‐through, it was attempted to work on the both resource (such as web pages, research papers, etc.) and tag recommendation problem. Moreover, by applying heat diffusion algorithm during the recommendation process, more diverse options would present to the user. After extracting data, such as users, tags, resources, and relations between them, the recommender system so called “Swallow” creates a graph‐based pattern from system log files. Eventually, following the active user path and observing heat conduction on the created pattern, user further goals are anticipated and recommended to him. Test results on SAS data set demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has improved the accuracy of former recommendation algorithms.     

A wide range delay locked loop for low power and low jitter applications

In this paper, a design of analog delay locked loop is introduced in which new techniques are applied to eventually increase operating frequency range and reduce jitter considerably. In this design, all blocks of a delay locked loop including a voltage controlled delay line, charge pump, and loop filter are accurately designed. A new delay cell is proposed with wide delay range, in which increase of delay range results in using fewer cells, and consequently the power consumption will decrease. Current mirror techniques and feedback in the proposed charge pump also cause higher current matching and better jitter performance. This delay locked loop, which is designed with TSMC 0.18‐μm CMOS technology, has a wide frequency range from 217 to 800 MHz. It consumes maximum 3.4‐mW and minimum 2.6‐mW power dissipation in source voltage of 1.8 V, which is suitable for low power applications. It also has an appropriate lock time that is at least equal to 3 clock cycles at 217 MHz and at most 25 clock cycles at 800 MHz. Jitter performance in this delay locked loop is improved significantly: RMS jitter is 0.65 ps at 800 MHz and 2.54 ps at 217 MHz. Moreover, its maximum peak‐to‐peak jitter is equal to 5.17 ps, and its minimum peak‐to‐peak jitter is equal to 1.39 ps at 217 and 800 MHz, respectively.     

Delay constrained throughput optimisation with imperfect CSI using discrete adaptive power

Link adaptation is an effective tool to overcome fading effects in wireless links. However, time-varying adaptive transmission rate leads to queueing delay, and moreover, in practise, imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available for the transmitter to adapt its transmission rate and power. This article aims to consider practical constraints to enhance the link adaptation scheme. We reformulate and optimise buffer delay constrained throughput of a wireless link based on outdated noisy CSI. Discrete power adaptation is proposed, in which a limited number of feedback bits (just the index of transmission power level) is required, while the performance is improved compared to the constant power and is close to continuous adaptive power. A unified scheme is set-up, where constant, discrete or continuous adaptive power transmission is utilised considering average or instantaneous bit error rate constraints based on imperfect CSI. The effectiveness of our designs is evaluated by numerical evaluations.     

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by electrophoretically deposited titania‐halloysite nanotubes coatings

Two‐component suspensions of titania and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were prepared in ethanol with 0.5 g/L (optimum concentration) of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and different wt% of HNTs. Kinetics of Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) decreased with increasing the HNTs content in suspensions due to their less mobility compared with titania particles. HNTs reinforced the microstructure of coatings and reduced or completely prevented from cracking during drying and heat‐treatment steps. Removal of methylene blue (MB) via adsorption by HNTs coatings was faster than its photocatalytic degradation by titania coating. Dispersion of HNTs (up to ≈30 wt%) in the matrix of titania resulted in the synergistic catalytic effect in MB removal. The synergistic effect was because of the shorter traveling distance of MB molecules adsorbed on HNTs toward the photocatalytic active site of titania particles in composite coatings. However, the synergistic effect was destroyed with increasing the HNTs content in coating. Difference between the amount of MB removed by titania and composite coatings increased at longer times (≥60 minutes). Mass transfer of MB adsorbed on HNTs toward the photocatalytic active sites of adjacent titania particles can compensate the decline in the mass transfer from solution at longer times.     

Photonic crystal-based permutation switch for optical networks

We present, for the first time, the design of a low-cross talk scalable permutation switch employing photonic crystal ring resonators in an optical network. Through this novel approach, the transition between different states of the \(2 \times 2\) optical switch, as the basic element, is achieved by applying different operating wavelengths. Subsequently, the shuffling mechanisms in \(3 \times 3\) and \(4 \times 4\) optical networks are realized by controlling the position of photonics crystal ring resonators. Lowest cross talk levels of 6 and 5% are obtained for “bar” and “cross” switching states, respectively.     

The modelling and experimental study on molecular diffusion coefficient of CO2 in N-methyl pyrolidone

In this study, batchwise absorption of CO₂ in N-methyl pyrolidone (NMP) was experimentally performed at different conditions using pressure decay method, and as a result, the equilibrium data, Henry’s law constants, and kinetic data were reported. It was shown that solubility and diffusivity are two important factors affecting the kinetic behaviour of the system. This absorption system was mathematically modelled using Fick’s second law accompanied by a time-dependent boundary condition. Thus, the diffusion coefficients of CO₂ in NMP were calculated under different operating conditions by means of the experimental kinetic data. Furthermore, the influence of temperature and pressure on the diffusion coefficient of CO₂ in NMP was analysed.