Synthesis of morphology-controlled mesoporous transition aluminas derived from the decomposition of alumina hydrates

Aluminum hydroxides were synthesized through the acidification of sodium aluminate solution using single organic diester or diacid as pH adjustor and aluminum chelating agent. The obtained alumina hydrates are investigated by XRD, SEM, IR and TG. Bayerite firstly formed at room temperature, and its morphology greatly varied with the pH adjustors used, which probably attributes to different kinetics of the acidification. The bayerite can evolve to gibbsite and boehmite after the hydrothermal treatment at 100 °C and 145 °C, respectively, where these alumina hydrates show diverse morphologies. After the calcination, these alumina hydrates of bayerite, gibbsite and boehmite could pseudomorphically transform to the corresponding η-, χ- and γ-aluminas, respectively, exhibiting different structural and textural properties. Interestingly, the transition aluminas derived from the aluminum tri-hydroxides, bayerite and gibbsite, both display locally organized mesopores, while no such meso-structure can be observed in γ-alumina obtained from the aluminum mono-hydroxide, boehmite. The changes of bayerite during calcination are investigated detailed. The dehydration of non-porous bayerite accompanied with the formation of meso-structured transition aluminas, where the meso-structure becomes more and more clearly defined and pore size expands with the calcination temperature increasing.     

食品防腐剂的使用现状及安全性分析

食品防腐剂主要用于抑制微生物的生长繁殖,以延长食品的保存期。分析了我国食品防腐剂的使用现状、常用的防腐剂的种类及性能、防腐剂使用中存在的问题及安全性评价指标,提出了安全使用防腐剂的建议。     

Composite embedded cubature Kalman filter

The embedded cubature Kalman filter (ECKF) is proven as a kind of algorithm that has higher precision than cubature Kalman filter. Based on the ECKF, a new algorithm, named composite ECKF (CECKF), is presented in this paper. The new CECKF can increase filter precision by means of reusing the embedded cubature rule in the process of numerical approximation, which can realize higher precision than ECKF in theory. At the same time, another new algorithm, named adaptive CECKF, is also put forward by introducing an adaptive method based on CECKF. Through the comparison of simulation, the proposed methods are able to enhance filter precision.     

Characteristics and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharide Nanoparticles from Edible Mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes)

Nanotechnology has become relevant in the food‐related industries, and edible mushrooms can be a potential raw material for providing satisfied edible nanomaterial. In this study, by following 3 different pretreatments (hot water or cold alkali or hot alkali) insoluble polysaccharide nanoparticles were prepared from Flammulina velutipes by wet milling and high pressure homogenization and their properties were investigated. The resultant nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, GC‐MS (for its main compositions), FTIR, XRD, and TG. The 1 wt% nanoparticle dispersions presented non‐Newtonian, shear‐thinning fluids with the viscosity in an increasing order for the hot water < cold alkali < hot alkali. Moreover, the dynamical rheological results showed differences of storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli of these particle dispersions. It was concluded that the Flammulina velutipes‐derived polysaccharides nanoparticles have great potential applications in the food industry, for example, as emulsifiers, reinforcement agents, and bioactive carriers.     

Cognitive problems,self-rated changes in driving skills,driving-related discomfort and self-regulation of driving in old drivers

Ageing in general is associated with functional decline that may have an adverse effect on driving. Nevertheless, older drivers have been found to show good judgement and to self-regulate their driving, which may enable them to continue driving safely despite functional decline. The process of the self-monitoring of driving ability and the awareness of functional decline, and its association with the self-regulation of driving is, however, not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the perceived changes in driving skills, the discomfort experienced in driving, and the self-regulation of driving as measured by the avoidance of certain driving situations by older drivers with different levels of self-rated cognitive problems. Eight hundred and forty Danish drivers aged 75–95 completed a structured telephone interview. The results showed that the recognition of cognitive problems was associated with an experience of improvement in higher level driving skills but also of a decline in lower level driving skills. Moreover, cognitive problems recognised by drivers were associated with discomfort in, and avoidance of, driving situations. Finally, a linear relationship between discomfort in driving and avoidance was found and this tended to be stronger for drivers recognising cognitive problems. The results indicate that older drivers who recognise problems with cognitive functions display good self-assessment of changes in their driving skills. In addition, the results suggest that driving-related discomfort is an important factor affecting the self-regulation of driving. Finally, the findings indicate that driving-related discomfort functions as an indirect self-monitoring of driving ability and may contribute to the safe driving performance of Danish older drivers.     

基于DTS的汽车检测线异构数据源转换研究

针对汽车检测线控制系统中数据库和数据库表异构现象明显的现状,研究了一种基于DTS的数据源转换技术.首先介绍了SQL Server中用于数据转换的软件组件DTS,分析了异构数据源转换的关键技术；然后利用汽车检测线数据库设计时的各种信息,包括各个表、字段的含义以及数据类型、数据值的约束条件等,通过DTS图形化设计器设计了汽车检测线异构数据源的DTS转换包；最后通过前端VB.net程序调用DTS包对象的Execute方法运行DTS转换包,实现了汽车检测线Access数据源到SQL Server数据源的转换,达到了统一和规范汽车检测线数据源的目的.     

“灯芯效应”下珊瑚骨料混凝土氯离子传输行为

研究了“灯芯效应”下珊瑚骨料混凝土在Mg²⁺、SO₄^2-共同作用下Cl^-的传输规律，建立了“灯芯效应”下珊瑚骨料混凝土Cl^-传输模型.结果表明：Cl^-沿半浸泡混凝土高度方向由下而上传输的同时也由表层向中心传输，其在混凝土内部的含量呈类抛物面分布；SO₄^2-的存在会加快Cl^-在混凝土中的传输，而Mg²⁺的加入会抑制Cl^-的传输，导致混凝土在相同高度及深度处的Cl^-含量小于SO₄^2-与Cl^-共同作用下的Cl^-含量；本文建立的“灯芯效应”下珊瑚骨料混凝土氯离子传输模型计算结果与实测结果吻合良好.     

Pressure Drop Models for Gas/Non‐Newtonian Power‐Law Fluids Flow in Horizontal Pipes

Models commonly used in literature are evaluated versus 696 data points to predict the pressure drop of gas/non‐Newtonian power‐law fluids flow in horizontal pipes. Suitable models are recommended. A new correlation is developed by ignoring the pressure drop across the gas slug and adopting the liquid slug holdup of gas/non‐Newtonian fluid flow into the homogeneous model. The theoretical curves can capture the test data trends and the overall agreement of predicted values with experimental data is sufficient to be practically applied in industry.     

西钢提高连铸中间包寿命生产实践

通过对连铸实际生产过程中影响中间包使用寿命的原因分析,制定提高中间包使用寿命的措施,并在生产实践中取得了预期效果.     

ATOX50生料磨产量下降的问题及处理

<正>1存在的问题我公司生料磨型号为ATOX50,该立磨自2008年3月投产以来,磨况较稳定。截止到2015年夏季,为了满足更严格的环保排放要求,窑尾电收尘更换为电袋复合型收尘器。技改收尘后,收尘效果提高,粉尘含量由25 mg/m~3下降到15 mg/m~3左右,收尘器进出口压差由1 500 Pa增加到2 500 Pa左右,运行阻力增加较多;磨机台时产量下降了25 t/h,磨机振动在0.5~0.7mm之间,压差偏高达6700~7200Pa,料层