隧道爆破振动速度研究

在隧道爆破开挖中,频繁反复的爆破冲击动压力对隧道设计轮廓线、施工误差和围岩的稳定性等有很大影响。依据爆炸动力学理论和弹性波动理论,分析了同时起爆和微差起爆所产生的爆炸应力场。根据爆炸波在传播过程中的叠加机理,提出了爆破后隧道围岩质点振动速度解析解。爆破振动速度解析解的提出,为隧道开挖采用合适的爆破掘进方法、减少施工误差及提高围岩的稳定性提供了理论依据。     

金川二矿区深部开采稳定性分析和采矿设计优化研究

金川二矿区已进入深部开采。在采用下向胶结充填法的条件下，能不能实现无矿柱连续回采，对矿山的产量和效益影响极大。本文使用非线性有限元对预留间隔矿柱和不预留间隔矿柱两种方案的围岩应力、位移和塑性区分布以及采场的稳定性状态进行了系统的分析和比较，论证了二矿区深部实施无矿柱连续回采的合理性和可行性，为二矿区深部采矿设计优化提供了依据。     

颗粒堆积型多孔介质内弯曲流道毛细管束模型的研究

本文建立了基于弯曲流道的颗粒堆积型多孔介质内流体流动的毛细管束模型,并在低雷诺数、低空隙率范围内对颗粒层多孔介质内的渗透率、阻力特性等进行了研究,结果表明弯曲流道毛细管束模型适合于计算颗粒层多孔介质内流体流动。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的运载火箭锌银蓄电池组充放电设备研制

为解决当前运载火箭电池充放电设备的自动化程度低、手工作业风险大、缺乏有效故障诊断和处理系统等缺点,将虚拟仪器技术应用到运载火箭锌银蓄电池组充放电设备中,设计新型运载火箭锌银蓄电池组充放电设备。其测控系统由硬件与软件组成,硬件采用NI公司的PXI测控平台,软件由充电、放电和加温等3部分组成。通过出厂测试、发射场补充测试和软件测试,证明该设计能提高设备自动化、智能化程度。     

Tuning stoichiometry of high-entropy oxides for tailorable thermal expansion coefficients and low thermal conductivity

Thermal barrier coating materials with proper thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), low thermal conductivity, and good high-temperature stability are of great significance for their applications in next-generation turbine engines. Herein, we report a new class of high-entropy (La_0.2Sm_0.2Er_0.2Yb_0.2Y_0.2)₂Ce_xO_3+2x with different Ce⁴⁺ contents synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. They exhibit different crystal structures at different Ce⁴⁺ content, including a bixbyite single phase without Ce⁴⁺ doping (x = 0), bixbyite-fluorite dual-phase in the RE₂O₃-rich region (0 < x < 2), and fluorite single phase in the stoichiometric (x = 2) and CeO₂-rich region (x > 2). The high-entropy (La_0.2Sm_0.2Er_0.2Yb_0.2Y_0.2)₂Ce_xO_3+2x exhibit tailorable TECs at a large range of 9.04 × 10^–6–13.12 × 10^–6 °C^–1 and engineered low thermal conductivity of 1.79–2.63 W·m^–1·K^–1. They also possess good sintering resistance and high-temperature phase stability. These results reveal that the high-entropy (La_0.2Sm_0.2Er_0.2Yb_0.2Y_0.2)₂Ce_xO_3+2x are promising candidates for thermal barrier coating materials as well as thermally insulating materials and refractories.     

Enhanced sound absorption properties of porous ceramics modified by graphene oxide films

Under the condition of constant thickness, improving the low-frequency sound absorption performance of conventional sound-absorbing materials is a challenging research topic. To address this issue, a new reduced graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (RGO/PVA) porous composite ceramic was fabricated using freeze-drying and optimized by redesigning the internal connecting pores of porous ceramic matrixes with a reticular microstructure using RGO and PVA. The as-prepared porous structure showed significant enhancement in the low-frequency sound absorption band compared with pristine porous ceramics. In addition, the hybrid porous ceramics exhibited low thermal conductivity. These favorable properties indicate that the hybrid sound-absorbing ceramics have potential application prospects for noise reduction in the fields of construction and electrical and mechanical devices.     

Influence of sintering temperature on the crystallization and mechanical properties of BN-MAS composites

A type of boron nitride–magnesium aluminum silicate (BN-MAS) composite ceramics was fabricated by hot-press sintering at different sintering temperatures. The relationship between the sintering temperature and microstructure was investigated by analyzing the interaction between hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and the MAS phase. The main MAS phase in the composite ceramics is the α-cordierite phase at a sintering temperature of 1300°C. At temperatures above 1400°C, the inhibitory effect of h-BN on the crystallization of the MAS system is significant, and MAS mainly exists in the form of an amorphous phase. The composite sintered at 1700°C exhibited the highest bending strength of 218MPa. h-BN and MAS were co-enhanced. MAS can be used as an effective liquid-phase sintering aid to assist in the sintering of h-BN, whereas h-BN can absorb the fracture energy of the composite ceramics through the pull-out and bridging effect of the particles.     

Multiscale SiCnw and carbon fiber reinforced SiOC ceramic with enhanced mechanical and microwave absorption properties

The hierarchical SiOC/SiCnws/CF composites (A/B/C structure) were designed via precursor infiltration and pyrolysis process. The SiOC ceramics served as the wave-transparent characteristic materials to adjust the impedance matching. Herein, the in situ growth of SiCnws not only was used for the absorber but served as the reinforcement of SiOC matrix composites. In detail, the SiOC/SiCnws/CF-1200°C-2 exhibits excellent electromagnetic absorption performance with minimum reflection loss of −46 dB at 14.4 GHz with the thickness of 1.6 mm, and its effective absorption band reaches 4.3 GHz. Its compressive strength reaches 8.69 and 16.41 MPa in z and x/y directions, separately. This contribution has a guidance for the application of carbon fiber/ceramics matrix composites in harsh environment.     

The Small Open Reading Frame-Encoded Peptides: Advances in Methodologies and Functional Studies

Small open reading frames (sORFs) are an important class of genes with less than 100 codons. They were historically annotated as noncoding or even junk sequences. In recent years, accumulating evidence suggests that sORFs could encode a considerable number of polypeptides, many of which play important roles in both physiology and disease pathology. However, it has been technically challenging to directly detect sORF-encoded peptides (SEPs). Here, we discuss the latest advances in methodologies for identifying SEPs with mass spectrometry, as well as the progress on functional studies of SEPs.     

Effect of Additives on Making Texture Surface on Multicrystalline Silicon Wafer by Diamond Wire Sawing

Silicon - In the production of multicrystalline silicon solar cell, diamond wire sawing method (DWS) is an important technique, which has already completely replaced multiwire slurry sawing (MWSS)...