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Trevor Sweetnam Michael Fell Eleni Oikonomou Tadj Oreszczyn 《Building Research & Information》2019,47(4):344-361
ABSTRACTElectric heat pumps feature prominently in projected energy transitions in the UK and elsewhere. Owing to their high electricity consumption, heat pumps are viewed as important targets for demand-side response (DSR). Findings are presented from a field trial of a new control system that aims to optimize heat pump performance, including under time-varying tariff conditions. The trial involved monitoring 76 properties with heat pumps, but without dedicated heat storage; 31 of these received the control system. Interviews were conducted with a subsample of 12 participants. The controller successfully evened out electricity demand over the day (reducing the evening peak), but this was associated with increased late night and daytime temperatures. Interview participants reported some disturbance owing to overnight heating and noise, as well as usability issues with the controller interface and hardware. These issues present risks to the future acceptability of such systems. While the system delivered short-term demand reductions successfully, longer-term demand shifting risked causing unacceptable disturbance to occupants. Future control systems could overcome some of the issues identified in this pioneering trial through more effective zoning, using temperature caps or installing dedicated heat storage, but these may either limit the available flexibility or be challenging to achieve. 相似文献
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Schnedl Wolfgang J. Schenk Michael Lackner Sonja Enko Dietmar Mangge Harald Forster Florian 《Food science and biotechnology》2019,28(6):1779-1784
Food Science and Biotechnology - Histamine intolerance (HIT) is thought to be caused by a disproportionate amount of histamine in the body. The enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO) is considered for the... 相似文献
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Michael E. Sierszen Lee S. Schoen Jessica M. Kosiara Joel C. Hoffman Matthew J. Cooper Donald G. Uzarski 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2019,45(1):129-137
Hydrologic linkages among coastal wetland and nearshore areas allow coastal fish to move among the habitats, which has led to a variety of habitat use patterns. We determined nutritional support of coastal fishes from 12 wetland-nearshore habitat pairs using stable isotope analyses, which revealed differences among species and systems in multi-habitat use. Substantial (proportions?>?0.30) nutrition often came from the habitat other than that in which fish were captured. Nearshore subsidies to coastal wetlands indicate wetlands are not exclusively exporters of energy and materials; rather, there is reciprocity in the mutual energetic support of nearshore and wetland food webs. Coastal wetland hydrogeomorphology influenced the amount of multi-habitat use by coastal fishes. Fishes from systems with relatively open interfaces between wetland and nearshore habitats exhibited less nutritional reliance on the habitat in which they were captured, and higher use of resources from the adjacent habitat. Comparisons of stable isotope analyses of nutrition with otolith analyses of occupancy indicated nutritional sources often corresponded with habitat occupancy; however, disparities among place of capture, otolith analyses, and nutritional analyses indicated differences in the types of support those analyses inform. Disparities between occupancy information and nutritional information can stem from movements for support functions other than foraging. Together, occupancy information from otolith microchemistry and nutritional information from stable isotope analyses provide complementary measures of the use of multiple habitats by mobile consumers. This work underscores the importance of protecting or restoring a diversity of coastal habitats and the hydrologic linkages among them. 相似文献
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Connie Tee Goh Michael Kah Ong Teoh Andrew Beng Jin 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2018,77(21):28457-28482
Multimedia Tools and Applications - Gait recognition has become popular due to the rising demand for nonintrusive biometrics. At its nascent stage of development, gait recognition faces a number of... 相似文献
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Harald Pühringer Zeineb Nejim Michael Pfleger Stefan Katletz 《Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves》2016,37(2):123-127
A novel and continuous detection scheme for the pulse amplitude and temporal position of a terahertz time domain system is presented. Currently, we have achieved a sampling time of 25 Hz and a resolution of less than 70 fs. The method is therefore very well suited for online measurements in production processes to monitor the thickness and inhomogeneities in the composition of non-conducting materials. 相似文献