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排序方式: 共有739条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
731.
732.
Takaomi Kessoku Takashi Kobayashi Kosuke Tanaka Atsushi Yamamoto Kota Takahashi Michihiro Iwaki Anna Ozaki Yuki Kasai Asako Nogami Yasushi Honda Yuji Ogawa Shingo Kato Kento Imajo Takuma Higurashi Kunihiro Hosono Masato Yoneda Haruki Usuda Koichiro Wada Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(15)
The liver directly accepts blood from the gut and is, therefore, exposed to intestinal bacteria. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between gut bacteria and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Approximately 10–20% of NAFLD patients develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and endotoxins produced by Gram-negative bacilli may be involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. NAFLD hyperendotoxicemia has intestinal and hepatic factors. The intestinal factors include impaired intestinal barrier function (leaky gut syndrome) and dysbiosis due to increased abundance of ethanol-producing bacteria, which can change endogenous alcohol concentrations. The hepatic factors include hyperleptinemia, which is associated with an excessive response to endotoxins, leading to intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Clinically, the relationship between gut bacteria and NAFLD has been targeted in some randomized controlled trials of probiotics and other agents, but the results have been inconsistent. A recent randomized, placebo-controlled study explored the utility of lubiprostone, a treatment for constipation, in restoring intestinal barrier function and improving the outcomes of NAFLD patients, marking a new phase in the development of novel therapies targeting the intestinal barrier. This review summarizes recent data from studies in animal models and randomized clinical trials on the role of the gut–liver axis in NAFLD pathogenesis and progression. 相似文献
733.
Feature extraction of protein expression levels based on classification of functional foods with SOM 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tamon Fukushima Kunihito Yamamori Ikuo Yoshihara Kiyoko Nagahama 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,13(2):543-546
We investigated the relations between the physiological activities and protein expression levels of functional foods using
a self-organizing map (SOM). The input vectors to the SOM were the protein expression levels and the physiological activity.
A competitive node has two kinds of weights: one is for protein expression levels, and the other is for physiological activity.
A winner node is decided by the distance between the values of protein expression levels described in the input vector and
the corresponding weights only. Then all weights, including those for physiological activity in each node, are updated. Therefore
each node has an artificially generated value of physiological activity. Finally, the nodes can be categorized by the abovementioned
physiological activity. A well-trained SOM gives us information about the relations between physiological activities and protein
expression levels.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
734.
Manabu Fukushima Tatsuki Ohji 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2022,19(2):847-855
Thermal insulators were fabricated by freezing gelatin gels containing calcined kaolinite with alumina nanofibers, followed by sintering. The resultant porosity could be varied from 81.0% to 89.8% by solid loadings in the initial slurry. The relationship among porosity, microstructure, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity was examined. The compressive strength and thermal conductivities of the insulators prepared with initial solid loadings from 3 to 6 vol% ranged from 11.6 to 56.7 MPa and from .25 to .46 W/mK, respectively. Those properties were also estimated by simulation using modeling of overall pore morphology, resulting in good agreement. 相似文献
735.
Hirofumi Takemura Hideko Fukushima 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2023,20(2):681-688
Japan's fine ceramics (advanced ceramics) industry, which reached US$30 billion of production in 2018 (an annual growth rate of 6.3%), accounts for 40% of the global market. The mission of the Japan Fine Ceramics Association (JFCA), which consists of 116 corporate members related to fine ceramics, is to further promote the development of this industry. In this paper, we describe the recent trends of fine ceramics industry and the latest JFCA's activities, including the publication of the FC Roadmap 2050 (2021 edition). This roadmap addresses fine ceramics technologies and products that will meet increasingly diverse needs of society, market, and industry in the year 2050. 相似文献
736.
Ryoichi Furushima Yutaka Maruyama Yuki Nakashima Minh Chu Ngo Tatsuki Ohji Manabu Fukushima 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2023,106(2):817-821
The fracture toughness of silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics was evaluated directly from their microstructures via deep learning using convolutional neural network models. Totally 156 data sets containing microstructural images and relative densities were prepared from 45 types of Si3N4 samples as input feature quantities (IFQs) and were correlated to the fracture toughness as an objective variable. The data sets were divided into two groups. One was used for training, resulting in the creation of regression models for two kinds of IFQs: the microstructures only and a combination of the microstructures and the relative densities. The other group was used for testing the validity of the created models. As a result, the determination coefficient was approximately 0.8 even when using only the microstructures as the IFQs and was further improved when adding the relative densities. It was revealed that the fracture toughness of Si3N4 ceramics was well evaluated from their microstructures. 相似文献
737.
Yuki Nakashima You Zhou Keisuke Tanabe Souhei Arima Kiyoshi Hirao Tatsuki Ohji Manabu Fukushima 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2023,20(2):1071-1080
We prepared sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride ceramics by using yttria and magnesia as sintering additives and evaluated effects of the nitridation temperature on their microstructure, bending strength, fracture toughness, and thermal conductivity. The effects of the nitridation temperature were large, but different depending on the property. The ratio of β-phase in the nitrided compacts significantly increased with increasing the nitridation temperature, whereas their microstructures had no clear difference. Although the bending strength varied, it maintains a high value of 800 MPa. Fracture toughness was almost constant regardless the temperature. The thermal conductivity improved as the β-phase in the nitrided compact increases. This resulted in a decrease of the lattice oxygen content and increase of the thermal conductivity. Therefore, elevating the nitridation temperature and consequently the β-phase ratio should be a promising strategy for achieving compatibly high strength and high thermal conductivity, which are generally known to be in a trade-off relationship. 相似文献
738.
Yuki Nakashima You Zhou Keisuke Tanabe Souhei Arima Teruhisa Okuno Kiyoshi Hirao Tatsuki Ohji Manabu Fukushima 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2023,20(6):3376-3384
We prepared sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride ceramics by using yttria and magnesia as sintering additives and evaluated the effects of nitrogen pressure (0.1–1.0 MPa) on their microstructure, bending strength, fracture toughness, and thermal conductivity. The ratio of β phase in the nitrided compacts varied with the pressure and increased with increasing it. Since many β grains in the nitrided compacts were formed and interlocked each other with a stable three-dimensional structure which restricted the shrinkage during the sintering procedure, many pores remained in the sintered body. Under the middle pressure (0.3–0.5 MPa), the grains grew large because the number of formed nuclei was small. On the other hand, under the high pressures (0.8–1.0 MPa), the grains were relatively fine and uniform because of a large number of nuclei. Since the porosity and grain length depended on the nitridation mechanism, which was affected by the nitrogen pressure, the properties largely varied accordingly. The nitridation at 0.1 MPa gave the best properties in this study. 相似文献
739.
This study develops a sensitive and selective colorimetric probe for the detection of dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) based on a lead ion (Pb2+) complex of a commercially available pyridylazo dye (PAPS) in aqueous media under physiological conditions. The complex was made by adding Pb2+ to PAPS in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio (PAPS-Pb2+), which was accompanied by the remarkable solution change from yellow to purple. The colorimetric sensing of H2PO4− over other anions with PAPS-Pb2+ occurred owing to the regeneration of original PAPS by the interaction of H2PO4− with Pb2+ in a 1:2 molar ratio. Moreover, the H2PO4− detection was less affected by the presence of other coexisting competitive anions. The colorimetric naked-eye behaviour of PAPS-Pb2+ rendered a useful and convenient probe for the detection of H2PO4− via the indicator displacement assay. 相似文献