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51.
Hydrate formation rate plays an important role in making hydrates for the storage and transport of natural gas. Micellar surfactant solutions were found to increase gas hydrate formation rate and storage capacity. With the presence of surfactant, hydrate could form quickly in a quiescent system and the energy costs of hydrate formation reduced. Surfactants (an anionic surfactant, a non‐ionic surfactant and their mixtures) and liquid hydrocarbons (cyclopentane and methylcyclohexane) were used to improve hydrate formation. The experiments of hydrate formation were carried out in the pressure range 3.69–6.82 MPa and the temperature range 274.05–277.55 K. The experimental pressures were kept constant during hydrate formation in each experimental run. The effect of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)) on natural gas storage in hydrates is more pronounced compared to a non‐ionic surfactant (dodecyl polysaccharide glycoside (DPG)). The induction time of hydrate formation was reduced with the presence of cyclopentane (CP). Cyclopentane and methylcyclohexane (MCH) could increase hydrate formation rate, but reduced hydrate storage capacity The higher methylcyclohexane concentration, the lower the hydrate storage capacity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
An experimental investigation was carried out to examine the tribological behavior of NAO (non-asbestos organic) type brake linings containing different volume ratios of graphite and antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3). A scale dynamometer was used for friction tests and particular emphases were given to the effect of applied pressure, sliding speed, and temperature on the coefficient of friction according to the relative amounts of the two solid lubricants. Results showed that the brake linings with both solid lubricants exhibited better friction stability and less speed sensitivity than the friction materials containing a single solid lubricant. In particular, the brake lining containing higher concentrations of graphite showed better fade resistance than others during high-temperature friction test. 相似文献
53.
储层压力与天然气分布关系——以鄂北塔巴庙地区上古生界储层为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过分析塔巴庙地区储层压力的分布特征,建立了研究区泥岩压实曲线,并对影响和控制该区储层压力的主要因素和机理进行了探讨,对“欠压实”剩余压力、生气增压、抬升引起的降压进行了定量计算。分析结果表明,晚三叠-早白垩世末“欠压实”作用和晚侏罗-早白垩世末烃源岩大量生烃作用使塔巴庙地区上古生界形成异常高压;晚白垩系构造抬升降压,使得现今储层为正常-低异常压力。同时证实了“欠压实”对天然气有压力封盖作用,天然气都分布在最大“欠压实”幅度以下的储层当中。烃源岩生气高峰为晚侏罗-早白垩世末,但天然气大规模运移是在晚白垩世,方向以沿过剩压力梯度降低较快的方向(太原-山西组至下石盒子组)垂向运移,通道主要为裂缝,运移的动力主要为异常高压。由于储层致密,聚集成藏能量有限,造成天然气充注不足、气水分异不好、含气饱和度低。 相似文献
54.
扇形段是连铸机组中的主要设备,扇形段制造水平的高低将直接影响到板坯厚度的均匀性,对最终的钢板轧制质量起着十分重要的作用。阐述扇形段主要部件的质量控制。 相似文献
55.
The effect of pressure on combustion and heat transfer is analyzed. The research is based on the basic combustion and heat
transfer theorem. A correction for the heat calculation method for pressurized furnace is made on the basis of the normal
pressure case. The correction takes the effect of pressurizing into account. The results show that the correction is reasonable
and the method is applicable to combustion and heat transfer of the marine supercharged boiler. 相似文献
56.
57.
Average consensus in networks of dynamic agents with switching topologies and multiple time-varying delays 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
In this paper, we discuss average consensus problem in undirected networks of dynamic agents with fixed and switching topologies as well as multiple time-varying communication delays. By employing a linear matrix inequality method, we prove that all the nodes in the network achieve average consensus asymptotically for appropriate communication delays if the network topology is connected. Particularly, several feasible linear matrix inequalities are established to determine the maximal allowable upper bound of time-varying communication delays. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the sharpness of the theoretical results. 相似文献
58.
Xin Sun Qiang Lu Moroz V. Takeuchi H. Gebara G. Wetzel J. Shuji Ikeda Changhwan Shin Tsu-Jae King Liu 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2008,29(5):491-493
A tri-gate bulk MOSFET design utilizing a low-aspect-ratio channel is proposed to provide an evolutionary pathway for CMOS scaling to the end of the roadmap. 3-D device simulations indicate that this design offers the advantages of a multi-gate FET (reduced variability in performance and improved scalability) together with the advantages of a conventional planar MOSFET (low substrate cost and capability for dynamic threshold-voltage control). 相似文献
59.
Shu‐Li Sun Jing Ma Nan Lv 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2008,22(10):932-948
Based on the optimal fusion estimation algorithm weighted by scalars in the linear minimum variance sense, a distributed optimal fusion Kalman filter weighted by scalars is presented for discrete‐time stochastic singular systems with multiple sensors and correlated noises. A cross‐covariance matrix of filtering errors between any two sensors is derived. When the noise statistical information is unknown, a distributed identification approach is presented based on correlation functions and the weighted average method. Further, a distributed self‐tuning fusion filter is given, which includes two stage fusions where the first‐stage fusion is used to identify the noise covariance and the second‐stage fusion is used to obtain the fusion state filter. A simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
60.
空时分集技术的最大优点在于在不增加带宽的情况下可以提高系统的可靠性,是目前移动通信的研究热点.常模算法是一种性能优良的码分多址(CDMA)盲多用户检测技术,能确保判决信号与实际传送信号之间的差错较小,误码率性能良好.文中提出将标准线性受限常模算法(LCCMA)与空时分组码(STBC)相结合,设计出一种收敛快、能够改善系统性能的基于2-空时分组码的多用户接收机. 相似文献