A preliminary study on the use of clinical care classification in nursing documentation data sets

This study analyzed and organized the content coverage of the clinical care classification (CCC) system to represent nursing record data in a medical center in Taiwan. The nursing care plan was analyzed using the process of knowledge discovery in the data set. The nursing documentation was mapped based on the full list of nursing diagnoses and interventions available using the CCC system. The result showed that 75.45% of the documented diagnosis terms can be mapped using the CCC system. A total of 21 established nursing diagnoses were recommended for inclusion in the CCC system. The results also showed that 30.72% of assessment/monitor tasks and 31.16% of care/perform tasks were provided by nursing professionals, whereas manage/refer actions accounted for 15.36% of the tasks involved in nursing care. The results showed that the CCC system is a suitable clinical information system for the majority of nursing care documentation, and is useful for determining the patterns in nursing practices.     

Algorithms to Minimize Data Transfer for Code Update on Wireless Sensor Network

In Wireless Sensor Networks, the preloaded program code and data on sensor nodes often need to be updated due to changes in user requirements and environmental conditions. Sensor nodes are severely restricted by energy constraints. It is especially energy consuming for sensor nodes to transfer data through wireless radios. To efficiently reprogram sensor nodes through radio, we propose an algorithm, Minimum Data transferred by Copying and Downloading (MDCD) and its extension E-MDCD, to minimize the number of bytes needed to be transferred from the host machine to the sensor nodes. Experimental results show that the E-MDCD algorithm reduces the number of bytes transferred by 93.25 % for small code change compared with the Rsync based algorithm. In average, E-MDCD can reduce 59.82 % compared with the existing the Rsync based algorithm and 16.14 % compared with the Vdelta algorithm.     

In vitro antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of herbs against Propionibacterium acnes

Propionibacterium acnes play an important role in the pathogenesis of acne by inducing certain inflammatory mediators and comedogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of herbal extracts against P. acnes. Among the ten tested herbs, methanolic extracts of rose (Rosa damascene), duzhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.), and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) were found to inhibit the growth of P. acnes with respective minimum inhibitory concentrations of 2, 0.5, and 1 mg/ml. In addition, duzhong and yerba mate extracts reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-1β by human monocytic THP-1 cells pretreated with heat-killed P. acnes at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Our results suggested that duzhong and yerba mate extracts possess both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against P. acnes and can possibly be used as therapeutic agents for acne.     

A new hybrid C-dump and buck-fronted converter for switched reluctance motors

This paper presents an experimentally verified single-pulse-operation switched reluctance motor converter topology based on the basic buck-fronted topology and the modified C-dump topology. Using only (n+1) power switches, this topology is able to achieve full single-pulse operation, thereby reducing switching losses and acoustic noise. It also achieves a greater demagnetizing voltage compared to the basic buck-fronted topology, without having to increase the DC-source voltage. The converter is more robust as its dump capacitor stops being charged if the chopper switch fails. The principle of operation, modes of operation, transient simulation results, and experimental results are presented.     

Parallel pump-shared linear cavity laser array using 980-nm pumpreflectors or N pieces of gain fibers as self-equalizers

By using fiber gratings as pump reflectors with various reflectivities or N pieces of gain fibers with various lengths externally to linear cavity as self-equalizers, a parallel-type, pump-shared linear cavity laser array (LCLA) is proposed and numerically studied. The average output power is increased and the maximum power variation among channels is reduced from 7.2 to less than 0.1 dB when the reflectivity of each pump reflector or the length of each gain fiber is adjusted appropriately     

Cooling of roll and strip in steel rolling

Adequate cooling of the roll and strip is of considerable importance for mill designers, process engineers, and consumers. The purpose of this paper is to review recent heat-transfer research of the cooling technology in the steel-rolling process. The importance of roll and strip cooling on the thermomechanical treatment will be discussed with an assessment of the research on the corresponding heat-transfer coefficients for various cooling systems currently used. Special laboratory apparatus resembling the cooling system used in steel mills has been developed to study the major parameters that control the cooling processes. Since the heat-transfer coefficient is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of a cooling system, the coefficient under various roll-cooling conditions is experimentally studied by the special apparatus and numerically evaluated by a finite difference technique.     

Linearity and power characteristics of SiGe HBTs at high temperatures for RF applications

In this paper, the power gain, power-added efficiency (PAE) and linearity of power SiGe heterojunction-bipolar transistors at various temperatures have been presented. The power characteristics were measured using a two-tone load-pull system. For transistors biased with fixed base voltage, the small-signal power gain and PAE of the devices increase with increasing temperature at low base voltages, while they decrease at high base voltages. Besides, the linearity is improved at high temperature for all voltage biases. However, for devices with fixed collector current, the small-signal power gain, PAE, and linearity are nearly unchanged with temperature. The temperature dependence of power and linearity characteristics can be understood by analyzing the cutoff frequency, the collector current, Kirk effect and nonlinearities of transconductance at different temperatures.     

Corrigendum to the paper ‘Linear Time Varying Model Predictive Control and its Application to Active Steering Systems: Stability Analysis and Experimental Validation’ (International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 2008; 18(8):862–875)

This note is a corrigendum of the paper ‘Linear Time Varying Model Predictive Control and its Application to Active Steering Systems: Stability Analysis and Experimental Validation’, published on the volume 18, issue 8, pages 862–875 of the International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control in 2008. Next we point out a technical error in the proof of Lemma 2 of the paper, and provide the corrected version of the lemma. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of field-annealing on magnetostriction and tunneling magnetoresistance of Co/AlOx/Co/IrMn junctions

The magnetostriction (λ_s) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of two Co/AlO_x/Co/IrMn MTJ systems that were deposited on Si(1 0 0) and glass substrate were examined at RT and field-annealing with various thicknesses of AlO_x. One structure was a Si(1 0 0)/Ta/Co/AlO_x/Co/IrMn/Ta system, and the other was a glass/Co/AlO_x/Co/IrMn system. The experimental results reveal that, in the Si(1 0 0)/Ta/Co/AlO_x/Co/IrMn/Ta system, the ratio of TMR is maximal under the field-annealing condition, and is optimal at an AlO_x thickness of 26 Å as well as in the RT condition. EDS analysis demonstrates that, these results are related to the distribution of Co and O atoms, because the oxidation of AlO_x is most extensive at a thickness of 26 Å. In the glass/Co/AlO_x/Co/IrMn system, λ_s does not significantly vary under the RT condition; however, λ_s is maximized (?20 ppm) by field-annealing at an AlO_x thickness of 17 Å. The abundance of Co and O in the system dominates the behavior of λ_s, according to EDS analysis. Finally, the minimum value of λ_s and the maximum ratio of TMR are ?8 ppm and 60%, respectively, at an AlO_x thickness of 26 Å under the field-annealing condition.