7050航空铝合金激光冲击强化残余压应力研究

用激光冲击强化处理装置对重要航空铝合金结构材料7050T7451、7050T7452不同工艺条件下进行了冲击强化处理,并对试件激光冲击区存在的残余压应力进行了测量。结果显示经激光冲击处理后试件表面具有极高的残余压应力,可达-200MPa以上;经过两次迭加冲击处理能够极大提高强化效果,其残余压应力相比单次冲击处理提高1倍以上;单面两次迭加处理与双面依次迭加冲击处理相比,试件正面(先冲击一面)残余压应力水平相当,且双面依次迭加处理试件反面(后冲击一面)的残余压应力远小于正面。以上一系列重要结果均为首次通过试验发现,对激光冲击强化处理技术的实际工程应用具有指导性意义。最后还给出了相应的表层组织结构分析和疲劳寿命试验结果。     

OCDM/WDM多跳光网络及其端到端误码率性能研究

采用码分复用与波分复用相结合的技术可以构成基于波长和码字转换的多跳光网络。只考虑码字转换,首先给出了光码分复用/波分复用多跳光网络的构成方法和码字转换器的一般结构,然后分析了网络中端到端的误码率性能。计算结果表明:码字转换次数的增加对端到端误码率的影响较小;当接收端的干扰信道数小于前一码字转换阶段的干扰信道数时,端到端误码率与判决阈值的关系曲线在最小值附近出现一近水平区间。     

以太接入网OAM信息的传输机制

由于以太网成熟的技术和广泛的应用,以太网接入技术已经成为接入网技术中的最新发展趋势。主要介绍了以太接入网OAM信息的传输机制,详细分析了MAC层OAM和物理层OAM信息的传输方案。     

Femtosecond Laser 4D Printing of Light-Driven Intelligent Micromachines

Intelligent micromachines that respond to external light stimuli have a broad range of potential applications, such as microbots, biomedicine, and adaptive optics. However, artificial light-driven intelligent micromachines with a low actuation threshold, rapid responsiveness, and designable and precise 3D transformation capability remain unachievable to date. Here, a single-material and one-step 4D printing strategy are proposed to enable the nanomanufacturing of agile and low-threshold light-driven 3D micromachines with programmable shape-morphing characteristics. The as-developed carbon nanotube-doped composite hydrogel simultaneously enhanced the light absorption, thermal conductivity, and mechanical modulus of the crosslinked network, thus significantly increasing the light sensitivity and response speed of micromachines. Moreover, the structural design and assembly of asymmetric microscale mechanical metamaterial unit cells enable the highly efficient additive nanomanufacturing of 3D shape-morphable micromachines with large dynamic modulation and spatiotemporal controllability. Using this strategy, the world's smallest artificial beating heart with programmable light-stimulus responsiveness for the cardiac cycle is successfully printed. This 4D printing method paves the way for the construction of multifunctional intelligent micromachines for bionics, drug delivery, integrated microsystems, and other fields.     

Mo-Modified ZnIn2S4@NiTiO3 S-Scheme Heterojunction with Enhanced Interfacial Electric Field for Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution

Designing and developing visible-light-responsive materials for solar to chemical energy is an efficient and promising approach to green and sustainable carbon-neutral energy systems. Herein, a facile in situ growth hydrothermal strategy using Mo-modified ZnIn₂S₄ (Mo-ZIS) nanosheets coupled with NiTiO₃ (NTO) microrods to synthesize multifunctional Mo-modified ZIS wrapped NTO microrods (Mo-ZIS@NTO) photocatalyst with enhanced interfacial electric field (IEF) effect and typical S-scheme heterojunction is reported. Mo-ZIS@NTO catalyst possesses wide-spectrum light absorption properties, excellent visible light-to-thermal energy effect, electron mobility, charges transfer, and strong IEF and exhibits excellent solar-to-chemical energy conversion for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Notably, the engineered Mo_1.4-ZIS@NTO catalyst exhibits superior performance with H₂ evolution rate of up to 14.06 mmol g⁻¹ h^{− 1} and the apparent quantum efficiency of 44.1% at 420 nm. The scientific explorations provide an in-depth understanding of microstructure, S-scheme heterojunction, enhanced IEF, Mo-dopant facilitation effect. Moreover, the theoretical simulations verify the critical role of Mo element in promoting the adsorption and activation of H₂O molecules, modulating the H adsorption behavior on active S sites, and thus accelerating the overall catalytic efficiency. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution mechanism via S-scheme heterojunction with adjustable IEF regulation over Mo_1.4-ZIS@NTO is also demonstrated.     

Simulation of Cortical and Cancellous Bone to Accelerate Tissue Regeneration

Different tissues have complex anisotropic structures to support biological functions. Mimicking these complex structures in vitro remains a challenge in biomaterials designs. Here, inspired by different types of silk nanofibers, a composite materials strategy is pursued toward this challenge. A combination of fabrication methods is utilized to achieve separate control of amorphous and beta-sheet rich silk nanofibers in the same solution. Aqueous solutions containing two types of silk nanofibers are simultaneously treated with an electric field and with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). Under these conditions, the beta-sheet rich silk nanofibers in the mixture responded to the electric field while the amorphous nanofibers are active in the crosslinking process with the EGDE. As a result, cryogels with anisotropic structures are prepared, including mimics for cortical- and cancellous-like bone biomaterials as a complex osteoinductive niche. In vitro studies revealed that mechanical cues of the cryogels induced osteodifferentiation of stem cells while the anisotropy inside the cryogels influenced immune reactions of macrophages. These bioactive cryogels also stimulated improved bone regeneration in vivo through modulation of inflammation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis responses, suggesting an effective strategy to develop bioactive matrices with complex anisotropic structures beneficial to tissue regeneration.     

末敏子弹非稳态红外辐射特性数值仿真分析

为计算末敏子弹在弹道诸点的瞬态红外辐射,根据末敏子弹外壁气动加热、辐射换热和内部导热耦合作用机理,利用流体仿真软件Fluent对完整弹道下末敏子弹的非稳态温度分布进行数值计算。在此基础上,计算分析了子弹弹体和降落伞在3~5 m和8~12 m波段的红外辐射特性及在弹道中的变化规律,并与对应探测视线方向的天空背景红外辐射特性进行对比。计算结果表明:降落伞辐射亮度有时为子弹弹体辐射亮度的一半,但辐射强度可达到子弹弹体辐射强度的21倍,在长波红外波段、弹道减速减旋阶段实现对末敏子弹的告警具有较强的可行性。     

采用液压Whiffle-tree的大口径主镜轴向支撑

轴向支撑对大口径主镜的定位及镜面变形有着重要的作用,为了深入开展该课题的研究,在传统机械Whiffle-tree支撑的基础上引入了轴向液压Whiffle-tree支撑。首先,从三点运动学定位支撑原理出发,介绍了Whiffle-tree支撑的特点与分类,着重对比分析了液压Whiffle-tree和机械Whiffle-tree支撑的优缺点。进而,根据液压Whiffle-tree的特点,分析推导了其建模方法,并运用该方法对一块18点液压轴向支撑的大口径主镜进行了静力学分析与优化,拟合后镜面变形RMS值为18.6 nm,满足设计要求。同时通过对不同建模分析结果的对比,验证了该建模方法的合理性和正确性,为大口径主镜的轴向支撑分析提供了一种参考。     

基于有效导热系数法的交界面形状识别算法

基于表面测温的边界形状识别算法研究是红外无损检测技术从定性到定量发展的理论基础,同时也是传热反问题研究的一个重点也是难点问题。对于交界面形状的识别,常规的边界识别算法,由于交界面要在迭代过程中不断变化,所以计算相对复杂,不利于算法的实际应用。在原有边界形状识别研究工作的基础上,通过将交界面形状的识别问题转化为有效导热系数的分布问题,将计算温度和检测温度的吻合程度作为判别条件,利用改进的一维修正算法反演识别有效导热系数的分布,再转化为真实的交界面形状。数值实验表明该方法大大降低了交界面形状识别的复杂性,是解决交界面形状识别问题的行之有效的计算方法。     

量子计算发展与应用动向研究

量子计算作为一项前沿颠覆性技术,已经引起世界主要国家和地区的广泛关注.文中系统梳理了美国、欧盟、俄罗斯、日本等世界主要国家和地区在量子计算领域的战略布局;结合近年来国内外研究成果,总结了量子硬件、量子算法、混合量子计算等核心技术的发展现状及趋势;基于军方的最新研究部署,分析了量子计算的军事应用动向;围绕IBM、Goog...