Antimicrobial sulphonamide azo dyes

Sulphonamide motifs are widely found in many drug candidates with relevant biological activity. Moreover, sulphonamide azo dyes are interesting candidates for synthetic chemists because such dyes provide access to a broad range of functional group transformations. Therefore, many synthetic procedures for the preparation of sulphonamide azo dyes have been developed in recent decades, and the search for rapid and efficient protocols is ongoing. The current article aims to review recent trends in the synthesis of sulphonamide azo dyes and their applications as high‐performance colorants with antimicrobial activity. For convenience, the diverse uses of sulphonamide azo dyes are discussed from the perspective of the application type rather than the structural class.     

A different method for producing a flexible LiMn2O4/MWCNT composite electrode for lithium ion batteries

A flexible lithium manganese oxide (LiMn₂O₄)/multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite electrode was produced by casting a slurry-containing powdered LiMn₂O₄ on a previously prepared MWCNT paper. The structure of this new LiMn₂O₄/MWCNT composite electrode was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction patterns. Furthermore, the surfaces of these electrodes were coated with gold–palladium alloy using an RF magnetron sputtering technique to prevent Mn dissolution. To investigate the electrochemical performance of this flexible LiMn₂O₄/MWCNT composite electrode, a bare-LiMn₂O₄ electrode was prepared. The discharge capacity of the produced LiMn₂O₄/MWCNT nanocomposite electrode was cyclically tested, and the charge transfer resistance of the electrodes was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Consequently, the Au–Pd-coated LiMn₂O₄/MWCNT had a 120 mAh g^?1 discharge capacity and 90 % capacity retention after 100 cycles.     

Correction to: A Physical-Layer Key Distribution Mechanism for IoT Networks

Mobile Networks and Applications - The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes in the author group and affiliation sections.     

A fair comparison of SAC-OCDMA system configurations based on two dimensional cyclic shift code and spectral direct detection

This paper investigates shortcomings that limit the performance of optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems including the low cardinality and data rate as well as the high power at reception. The main drawback for such systems known as multiple access interference accompanying by phase induced intensity noise is also investigated to effeciencly propose a novel two dimensional cyclic shift (2D-CS) code to be implemented in non-coherent OCDMA systems. The developed code is based on a one dimensional cyclic shift (1D-CS) code previously provided by research works processing spectral amplitude coding for optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) systems. Numerical results obtained by this study are therefore compared to previous studies employing different codes like two dimensional extended double weight (2D-EDW), two dimensional flexible cross correlation/modified double weight (2D-FCC/MDW), two dimensional perfect difference (2D-PD), two dimensional diluted perfect difference (2D-DPD), two dimensional multi service (2D-MS) and two dimensional zero cross correlation/multi diagonal (2D-ZCC/MD) codes. Accordingly, it is demonstrated that the proposed 2D-CS code outperforms all codes given previously in terms of system capacity where the small increasing percentage is about 40% compared to 2D-ZCC/MD and 2D-MS. Systems using 2D-CS code can support until 203 simultaneous users with a total code length equal to 171. System performance investigation leads to a BER and Q-Factor closely to1.0E?12 and 1.0E?27, and 6.6 dB and 10.6 dB at 20 km of single mode fiber length using white light source and Laser, respectively. Furthermore, such a code can be easily adopted by OCDMA systems for a long distance up to approximately 55 and 100 km.

     

Mechanical Behavior of Carbide-free Medium Carbon Bainitic Steels

The effect of bainitic transformation time on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated in a steel containing 0.4 pct C-2.8 pct Mn-1.8 pct Si. The microstructure was characterized using optical and transmission electron microscopy; it consisted of bainitic ferrite, martensite, and retained austenite. The volume fraction of bainite increased from 0.4 for the shortest bainitic transformation time (30 minutes) to 0.9 at the longest time (120 minutes). The above microstructures exhibited an extended elasto-plastic transition leading to very high initial work-hardening rates. The work-hardening behavior was investigated in detail using strain-path reversals to measure the back stresses. These measurements point to a substantial kinematic hardening due to the mechanical contrast between the microstructural constituents. The onset of necking coincided with the saturation of kinematic hardening. Examination of the fracture surfaces indicated that the prior austenite grain boundaries play an important role in the fracture process.     

Ultimate strength of pin-loaded composite laminates: A limit analysis approach

A simplified approach to determining the ultimate strength of a pin-loaded composite laminate (PLCL), based on limit analysis theory, is presented. The composite laminate is treated as a multilayered deformable three-dimensional solid. The upper bound theorem of limit analysis and kinematic fields that include discontinuities in plies and interfaces are used to predict the bearing strength of pin-loaded composite laminate. An analytical estimation of the ultimate failure load is obtained. The theoretical predictions are compared to available experimental results. The effects of the geometry and the number of interfaces on PLCL strength are also examined.     

α-MnO2 Nanorods’ Magnetocaloric Effect for Hydrogen Liquefaction

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - The magnetocaloric (MC) effect of α-MnO2 nanorods is predicted using a phenomenological model. The magnetization vs. temperature simulation...