Simple optical wavelength meter in 700?1200 nm wavelength region

A new type of portable optical wavelength meter using a quartz rotator has been developed, designed for fibre optic transmission systems. The peak wavelengths of both lasers and l.e.d.s in the 700?1200 nm wavelength region can be measured. The measurement error was within ±1 nm at wavelengths around 850 nm.     

Catalytic combustion of hydrogen—IV. Fabrication of prototype catalytic heaters and their operating properties

Two prototypes of catalytic heaters operating on hydrogen were fabricated and their performances were tested for combustion efficiency and temperature distribution over the catalyst surface. A heater in which hydrogen was mostly introduced from the bottom of a catalyst body exhibited substantial temperature uniformity and achieved a high combustion efficiency. The hydrogen fuelled catalytic heater offers an adjustable heat output ranging from 0 to 1.5 kcal cm^?2 h^?1 with Pt-impregnated nickel foam as a catalyst. The composite oxide of Co, Mn and Ag yielded slightly inferior results but sustained smooth hydrogen combustion. Detailed experiments were conducted for the investigation of changes in local combustion efficiency, local amount of air entrained from the ambience, and local surface temperature with the vertical position from the catalyst bottom.     

Graphitization of free carbon precipitating through the reaction of UC or UC2 with N2

It has been found by X-ray diffraction that free carbon produced from reaction of UC or UC₂ with nitrogen gas is not graphite but an amorphous carbon. The degree of graphitization increases with increasing temperature and with decreasing pressure of nitrogen gas. Thermodynamic treatment of these amorphous carbons is discussed in terms of the degree of graphitization. The free energies of the amorphous carbons are calculated to be higher by about 500 cal/mol than that of graphite. Furthermore, the influence of the crystal structure of UC or UC₂ on the degree of graphitization is considered qualitatively.     

Inorganic-organic hybrid molecular architectures of cyanometalate host and organic guest systems: specific behavior of the guests

Molecular architectures built of inorganic cyanometalate building blocks provide variegated host structures with several organic guest molecules. The strategies to derive novel structures are presented briefly. The formation of a charge-transfer (CT) complex as the guest inside the cavity and the photochemistry of the CT complexes are discussed. The chemical pressure that the guest experiences inside the cavity is also discussed based on the vibrational spectroscopic results.     

Activities of oxygen in liquid thallium and indium from electrochemical measurements

Modified coulometric titrations on the galvanic cell;O in liquid Tl or In/ZrO₂(+CaO)/Air, Pt, were performed at 973, 1073, and 1173 K to determine the oxygen activities in liquid thallium and liquid indium. The standard Gibbs energies of solution of oxygen in liquid thallium and liquid indium for l/2 O₂ →O (1 at. pct) were determined respectively to be δG‡(in Tl) = -22000 + 0.74T (±300) cal/g-atom = -92000 + 3.10T (±1300) J/g-atom, δG‡(in In) = -42450+ 3.30T (±350) cal/g-atom = -177600 + 13.8T (±1500) J/g-atom, where the reference state for dissolved oxygen was an infinitely dilute solution. It was reconfirmed that the apparent initial oxygen concentration observed in the range of very low oxygen concentration in liquid metal was attributed to the oxygen released from the solid electrolyte.