Examination of Aschaffenburg and Drewry procedure for determination of Non-Casein-Proteins of milk by discontinuous polyacrylamide electrophoresis

Summary Non-casein protein fractions of raw skim med milk, obtained according to the Aschaffenburg and Drewry procedure, were studied by discontinuous polyacrylamide electrophoresis.Differences between the electropherograms obtained and the data of the above authors were observed in the fractions non-casein nitrogen minus proteose peptone nitrogen and total albumin nitrogen plus non-protein nitrogen.In the first fraction, instead of immunoglobulin, proteose-peptone was present and in the second fraction, besides the total albumin, immunglobulin and proteose-peptone were present. In our opinion the differences observed in the two fractions are due to incomplete salting out.

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Überprüfung der Aschaffenburg und Drewry-Bestimmungsmethode der Nicht-Casein-Proteine durch Polyacrylamid-Elektrophorese

Zusammenfassung Es wurden Nicht-Casein-Protein-Fraktionen von roher Magermilch, die nach der Aschaffenburg- und Drewry-Methode getrennt wurden, discelektrophoretisch untersucht. Unterschiede zwischen den erhaltenen Elektropherogrammen und den Angaben der oben genannten Autoren wurden bei den Fraktionen Nicht-Casein-Stickstoff minus Proteose-Pepton-Stickstoff und Totalalbumin-Stickstoff plus Nicht-Protein-Stickstoff festgestellt.Bei der ersten Fraktion wurde das Proteose-Pepton anstatt Immunglobulin erhalten, und bei der zweiten Fraktion erhielt man neben dem Totalalbumin auch Immunglobulin und Proteose-Pepton. Nach unserer Auffassung sind die bei den beiden Fraktionen festgestellten Abweichungen auf unvollständiges Aussalzen zurückzuführen.

     

化选矿硫酸浸出稀土工艺研究

化选矿经硫酸浸出,在合适的酸度、温度、反应时间条件下,稀土浸出率为90%。     

Working Together Apart? Building a Knowledge‐Sharing Culture for Global Virtual Teams

A new impetus for greater knowledge‐sharing among team members needs to be emphasized due to the emergence of a significant new form of working known as ‘global virtual teams’. As information and communication technologies permeate every aspect of organizational life and impact the way teams communicate, work and structure relationships, global virtual teams require innovative communication and learning capabilities for different team members to effectively work together across cultural, organizational and geographical boundaries. Whereas information technology‐facilitated communication processes rely on technologically advanced systems to succeed, the ability to create a knowledge‐sharing culture within a global virtual team rests on the existence (and maintenance) of intra‐team respect, mutual trust, reciprocity and positive individual and group relationships. Thus, some of the inherent questions we address in our paper are: (1) what are the cross‐cultural challenges faced by global virtual teams?; (2) how do organizations develop a knowledge sharing culture to promote effective organizational learning among culturally‐diverse team members? and; (3) what are some of the practices that can help maximize the performance of global virtual teams? We conclude by examining ways that global virtual teams can be more effectively managed in order to reach their potential in this new interconnected world and put forward suggestions for further research.     

An acidic ionic liquid-conventional alkali-catalyzed biodiesel production process

A study was undertaken to prepare biodiesel via two-step process using ionic liquid as first step catalyst due to the unsuitability of using the straight alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of high FFA presented in crude palm oil (CPO). In the first step, esterification of the FFA presented in the CPO was carried out using butylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (BIMHSO₄), in which the acid value was reduced from 6.93 to 1.02mg KOH/g and then, KOH-catalyzed transesterification was applied. The conversion rate of FFA attained 85.3% when 4.8 wt% of BIMHSO₄ was applied to the reaction system containing methanol to CPO ratio of 12: 1 reacted at 170 °C for 150min. The final yield in 97.3% revealed that the process proposed in this study could lead to an excellent biodiesel meeting the ASTM requirements. Furthermore, this new two-step catalysis process could solve the old conventional catalysis process drawbacks.     

Identification of Piecewise Linear Parameters of Regression Models of Non-Stationary Deterministic Systems

We consider the problem of identifying unknown nonstationary piecewise linear parameters for a linear regression model. A new algorithm is proposed that allows, in the case of a number of assumptions on the elements of the regressor, to provide an estimate of unknown non-stationary parameters. We analyze in detail the case with two unknown parameters, which makes it possible to understand the main idea of the proposed approach. We also consider a generalization to the case of an arbitrary number of parameters. We give an example of computer simulation that illustrates the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Effect of sintering on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloy titanium-wollastonite composite fabricated by powder injection moulding process

Composite biomaterials are in high demand in the medical field of today. The combination of bioactive wollastonite (WA) glass ceramic with the biocompatibility of alloy titanium (Ti6Al4V) could be a good candidate for implant applications. The rheological properties of Ti6Al4V/WA feedstock show a pseudoplastic behaviour with low activation energy. The feedstock was successfully injected as a green part with no defects. The green part was solvent debound for 6?h in heptane and thermal debound in an argon environment for 1?h. The brown part was successfully sintered at 1300?°C for 3?h with 5?°C/min heating and cooling rates. The average sintered density was 4.12?g/cm³; which is 97.5% from the theoretical density. The highest Young's modulus obtained was 18.10?GPa; which is in the range of human bone strength. EDX analysis shows that by increasing sintering temperature, the level of oxygen decreased. Cell viability test shown an absorbance increased with days increasing indicated that the cellular were proliferated on the composite Ti6Al4V/WA composite which also proved that the composite was non-toxic. This indicates that the Ti6Al4V/WA composite is suitable for bone implant applications.     

On business process monitoring using cross-flow coordination

This paper presents an approach for monitoring the execution progress of business processes. The monitoring focuses on the exceptions that could arise during this execution and, hence, could make the processes fail if not handled properly and timely. The approach relies on three flows known as control, communication, and navigation. The control flow connects tasks together with respect to a certain business logic. The communication flow captures the messages exchanged between persons/machines when they perform tasks of processes. Finally, the navigation flow captures the interactions between specialized networks that offer solutions to exceptions. These networks are built upon relations between tasks, between persons, and between machines. The coordination of control, communication, and navigation flows focuses on both the actions that are taken and the messages that are exchanged when handling exceptions. A system demonstrating flow development and coordination is, also, presented in the paper.