Evolution of Models and Algorithms for Calculating the Parameters of Technological Processes to Obtain Materials for Micro- and Nanoelectronics

The results of creating a system of models and algorithms for calculating the parameters of technological processes for obtaining materials of micro- and nanoelectronics and designing equipment are considered. It is shown that the distinctive feature of the teaching methods for special technological courses in electronic engineering materials is the construction of courses by analogy with the technological processes for obtaining materials for electronics: from a bulk single crystal to instrumental structures, whose dimensions do not currently exceed several tens of nanometers. A scientific model approach to the solution of technological problems was formed in the study of heat and mass transfer processes, which together with the processes of interaction in liquids and gas, taking heterogeneous reactions into account, are the theoretical basis of the technology of electronic engineering materials. The possibilities of physical and mathematical modeling are compared. Approaches to create mathematical models of the growth processes of single crystals of semiconductors, epitaxial layers, and heterostructures are considered and the possibilities of their practical use are determined. It is determined that the ideas proposed by V.V. Krapukhin at the initial stages of training specialists in the field of the technology of electronic material and developed by his students identified the possibility of training several generations of qualified specialists.     

The raw material and waste activity balance in the projected nuclear power of Russia

Under discussion is the management of long-lived high-level wastes in the nuclear energy sector of Russia, the development of which on a large scale in the next century is motivated by the need for arresting the increasing consumption of fossil fuels. The prerequisites for the nuclear power growth consists in the design of naturally safe reactors and development of a transmutational nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) technology. The choice of operations in such a cycle and of their quantitative characteristics, is aimed at minimizing the wastes to approach the radiation balance with the natural uranium extracted and put to use. The paper discusses the way the approximation to the balance between the raw material and waste activity is influenced by introduction of the transmutational NFC (in case 2), inclusion of transmutation reactors into the energy mix (case 1), partial disposal of actinide wastes into outer space, and by recycling of protactinium (case 3). It is shown that such a balance can be sustained for a considerable time in cases 2 and 3 or throughout the operation stage of the future nuclear power (case 1).     

Thermodynamic parameters for lanthanum tetraboride over a wide temperature range

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 11, pp. 72–75, November, 1990.     

Cast forsterite concretes for the bases of tunnel-kiln cars

Conclusions We developed a new type of refractory for casting forsterite concretes using a bond made of sodium polyphosphate which has adequate strength after drying, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and a low thermal conductivity.Tests on the cast forsterite concretes in the linings of tunnel-kiln cars for firing magnesia products at NTMK showed that their life is much longer than that of linings made of chrome-magnesite products.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 10–14, April, 1979.