全文获取类型
收费全文 | 205698篇 |
免费 | 2405篇 |
国内免费 | 561篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3507篇 |
综合类 | 140篇 |
化学工业 | 31656篇 |
金属工艺 | 10263篇 |
机械仪表 | 7010篇 |
建筑科学 | 3994篇 |
矿业工程 | 2159篇 |
能源动力 | 4630篇 |
轻工业 | 12870篇 |
水利工程 | 2915篇 |
石油天然气 | 7726篇 |
武器工业 | 22篇 |
无线电 | 21487篇 |
一般工业技术 | 45167篇 |
冶金工业 | 34379篇 |
原子能技术 | 6620篇 |
自动化技术 | 14119篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2042篇 |
2019年 | 1997篇 |
2018年 | 3678篇 |
2017年 | 3715篇 |
2016年 | 3996篇 |
2015年 | 2232篇 |
2014年 | 3781篇 |
2013年 | 8737篇 |
2012年 | 5675篇 |
2011年 | 7213篇 |
2010年 | 5854篇 |
2009年 | 6486篇 |
2008年 | 6609篇 |
2007年 | 6491篇 |
2006年 | 5569篇 |
2005年 | 5116篇 |
2004年 | 4629篇 |
2003年 | 4553篇 |
2002年 | 4366篇 |
2001年 | 4472篇 |
2000年 | 4184篇 |
1999年 | 4198篇 |
1998年 | 10183篇 |
1997年 | 7181篇 |
1996年 | 5500篇 |
1995年 | 4131篇 |
1994年 | 3597篇 |
1993年 | 3838篇 |
1992年 | 2982篇 |
1991年 | 2995篇 |
1990年 | 2890篇 |
1989年 | 2852篇 |
1988年 | 2865篇 |
1987年 | 2508篇 |
1986年 | 2568篇 |
1985年 | 2854篇 |
1984年 | 2687篇 |
1983年 | 2554篇 |
1982年 | 2300篇 |
1981年 | 2269篇 |
1980年 | 2345篇 |
1979年 | 2359篇 |
1978年 | 2382篇 |
1977年 | 2487篇 |
1976年 | 2876篇 |
1975年 | 2188篇 |
1974年 | 2068篇 |
1973年 | 2166篇 |
1972年 | 1940篇 |
1971年 | 1755篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
The hydrocarbon-group composition and distribution of naphthenoaromatic hydrocarbons of West Siberian oils were studied by the technique of mass spectrometry. Naphthenoaromatic hydrocarbons of the general formula CnH2n?z , where z is 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18, containing from one to six saturated cycles are present in oils in significant concentrations. Naphthenomonoarenes with one saturated cycle dominate in all oils. An increase in the amount of compounds containing 3–6 saturated cycles in their molecule with the occurrence depth was noted. Naphthenobiarenes of the general formula CnH2n?z , where z is 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, or 24 containing from one to six saturated cycles are present in oils in concentrations from 20.0 to 54.0 wt % of the biaromatic fraction. Most oils are characterized by the prevalence of structures with one and two saturated cycles in their molecule. The dependence of the number of cycles in naphthenobiarenes on the nature of original organic matter (OM) was not traced. The lack of correlation between the number of cycles and the OM type is presumably due to the fact that, for the most part, fused polycyclic naphthenobiarenes reflect the degree of catagenetic alteration of organic matter. 相似文献
222.
Mutoh N. Nakashima J. Kanesaki M. 《Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on》2003,50(6):1085-1094
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) noises generated in power converters are diffused on the surface of conductors. This means influences occur from radiated EMI noises emitted from power transmission lines as well as conducted EMI noises transmitted from them. EMI noises diffusing on the surface of conductors are generally difficult to control using conventional concentrated constant theory. Thus, a new approach based on distributed constant circuit theory is needed in order to control EMI noises. A power converter structure to control EMI noises using multilayer power printed circuit technology is studied in this paper. A structure which can control EMI noises should simultaneously satisfy two conditions, i.e., one to shut down and one to attenuate EMI noises. The structure satisfying these conditions is studied through simulations using the Transmission-Line Modeling Method. The simulations show that the diffusion of EMI noises is controlled by dividing the flow of currents produced by EMI noises into the horizontal and perpendicular directions. That is, the horizontal current flow is controlled inside using the differences in the resistance produced from differences between inner and outer diameter of power transmission lines and the perpendicular current flow can be controlled by properly designing the thickness of the dielectric layer sandwiched between P-and N-power transmission lines with the symmetrical structure. Moreover, it is confirmed by simulations and experiments that the attenuation of EMI noises is affected by the width of the power transmission lines. It is expected that the results obtained in this paper can provide important rules when designing power converters with EMI noise control functions which use the multilayer power printed circuit technology. 相似文献
223.
D. G. Pavel’ev N. V. Demarina Yu. I. Koshurinov A. P. Vasil’ev E. S. Semenova A. E. Zhukov V. M. Ustinov 《Semiconductors》2004,38(9):1105-1110
Characteristics of ohmic InGaAs contacts in planar diodes based on semiconductor superlattices with a small-area active region
(1–10 μm2) are studied. The diodes were formed on the basis of short (18 or 30 periods) heavily doped (1018 cm−3) GaAs/AlAs superlattices with a miniband width of 24.4 meV. The reduced resistance of the ohmic contact was equal to 2×10−7 Ω cm2 at room temperature. It is shown that the properties of fabricated planar diodes make it possible to use these diodes later
on in semiconductor devices that operate in the terahertz frequency region in a wide temperature range (4–300 K).
__________
Translated from Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov, Vol. 38, No. 9, 2004, pp. 1141–1146.
Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2004 by Pavel’ev, Demarina, Koshurinov, Vasil’ev, Semenova, Zhukov, Ustinov. 相似文献
224.
Based on the concept of complete stress–strain diagrams, we propose a new model describing the law of stress distribution in the prefracture zone in plastic materials in view of the type of the stressed state. 相似文献
225.
The studies show that in the combined use of biological and chemisorption stages of treatment, a deeper degree of removal of industrial pollutants from wastewaters is attained. The chemisorption stage allows stabilizing the treatment process in different concentration-temperature drops and increasing the degree of removal of synthetic surfactants (SSF), petroleum products, and nitrogen compounds. The possibility of regulating the selectivity of the treatment process by varying the composition of the chemisorption material is demonstrated. 相似文献
226.
Khandelia M. Bambha N.K. Bhattacharyya S.S. 《Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on》2006,54(2):556-569
This paper explores the problem of efficiently ordering interprocessor communication (IPC) operations in statically scheduled multiprocessors for iterative dataflow graphs. In most digital signal processing (DSP) applications, the throughput of the system is significantly affected by communication costs. By explicitly modeling these costs within an effective graph-theoretic analysis framework, we show that ordered transaction schedules can significantly outperform self-timed schedules even when synchronization costs are low. However, we also show that when communication latencies are nonnegligible, finding an optimal transaction order given a static schedule is an NP-complete problem, and that this intractability holds both under iterative and noniterative execution. We develop new heuristics for finding efficient transaction orders, and perform an extensive experimental comparison to gauge the performance of these heuristics. 相似文献
227.
Vassiliou I. Vavelidis K. Georgantas T. Plevridis S. Haralabidis N. Kamoulakos G. Kapnistis C. Kavadias S. Kokolakis Y. Merakos P. Rudell J.C. Yamanaka A. Bouras S. Bouras I. 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》2003,38(12):2221-2231
The drive for cost reduction has led to the use of CMOS technology in the implementation of highly integrated radios. This paper presents a single-chip 5-GHz fully integrated direct conversion transceiver for IEEE 802.11a WLAN systems, manufactured in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS. The IC features an innovative system architecture which takes advantage of the computing resources of the digital companion chip in order to eliminate I/Q mismatch and achieve accurately matched baseband filters. The integrated voltage-controlled oscillator and synthesizer achieve an integrated phase noise of less than 0.8/spl deg/ rms. The receiver has an overall noise figure of 5.2 dB and achieves sensitivity of -75 dBm at 54-Mb/s operation, both referred to the IC input. The transmit error vector magnitude is -33 dB at -5-dBm output power from the integrated power-amplifier driver amplifier. The transceiver occupies an area of 18.5 mm/sup 2/. 相似文献
228.
N. Jongen M. Donnet P. Bowen J. Lemaître H. Hofmann R. Schenk C. Hofmann M. Aoun‐Habbache S. Guillemet‐Fritsch J. Sarrias A. Rousset M. Viviani M.T. Buscaglia V. Buscaglia P. Nanni A. Testino J.R. Herguijuela 《化学工程与技术》2003,26(3):303-305
The synthesis of powders with controlled shape and narrow particle size distributions is still a major challenge for many industries. A continuous Segmented Flow Tubular Reactor (SFTR) has been developed to overcome homogeneity and scale‐up problems encountered when using batch reactors. Supersaturation is created by mixing the co‐reactants in a micromixer inducing precipitation; the suspension is then segmented into identical micro‐volumes by a non‐miscible fluid and sent through a tube. These micro‐volumes are more homogeneous when compared to large batch reactors leading to narrower size distributions, better particle morphology, polymorph selectivity and stoichiometry. All these features have been demonstrated on single tube SFTR for different chemical systems. To increase productivity for commercial application the SFTR is being “scaled‐out” by multiplying the number of tubes running in parallel instead of scaling‐up by increasing their size. The versatility of the multi‐tube unit will allow changes in type of precipitate with a minimum of new investment as new chemistry can be researched, developed and optimised in a single tube SFTR and then transferred to the multi‐tube unit for powder production. 相似文献
229.
Super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jafarkhani H. Seshadri N. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》2003,49(4):937-950
We introduce a new class of space-time codes called super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes. These codes combine set partitioning and a super set of orthogonal space-time block codes in a systematic way to provide full diversity and improved coding gain over earlier space-time trellis code constructions. We also study the optimality of our set partitioning and provide coding gain analysis. Codes operating at different rates, up to the highest theoretically possible rate, for different number of states can be designed by using our optimal set partitioning. Super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes can provide a tradeoff between rate and coding gain. Simulation results show more than 2-dB improvements over the codes presented in the literature while providing a systematic design methodology. 相似文献
230.
We have analyzed degradation of N-channel thin-film-transistor (TFT) under dynamic stress using a pico-second time-resolved emission microscope. We have successfully detected emission at pulse fall edge for the first time. Emission intensity increased with the decrease of pulse fall time. As the degradation depended on the pulse fall time, this dependence clearly illustrates that hot electrons are the dominant cause of the degradation under dynamic stress. Based on these dependences, we proposed a model considering electron traps in the poly-Si. 相似文献