Instrumental characterization of clay by XRF,XRD and FTIR

Instrumental characterizations of the clay were performed by different techniques such as XRF, XRD and FTIR. XRF shows the chemical compositions of the clay where Al-oxide and silica oxide are present in major quantity whereas XRD confirms the presence of these minerals in clay. FTIR studies show the presence of quartz, alumina, haematite and different mineral matters.     

A comprehensive study of performance and reliability of P, As, andhybrid As/P nLDD junctions for deep-submicron CMOS logic technology

A comprehensive study of P, As, and hybrid As/P nLDD junctions is presented in terms of performance, reliability, and manufacturability for the first time. It is found that As junctions limit the performance of deep submicron devices due to unacceptable hot-carrier reliability, whereas a hybrid junction (light dose P added to medium dose As) dramatically improves hot-carrier reliability while maintaining high performance and manufacturability. For L_eff of 0.19 μm, using this hybrid junction in a manufacturing process, an inverter gate delay of 32 ps, dc hot carrier life time exceeding ten years, and off-state leakage below 30 pA/μm at 2.9 V have been achieved     

Clumsiness in children: a defect of kinaesthetic perception?

The distribution of type I interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R1) mRNA in the rat brain was examined by in situ hybridization technique. IL-1R1 mRNA was expressed in several brain regions including the anterior olfactory nucleus, medial thalamic nucleus, posterior thalamic nucleus, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, median eminence, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, motor trigeminal nucleus, facial nucleus and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. Furthermore, we identified neuronal expression of IL-1R1 mRNA using simultaneous detection (double in situ hybridization) of IL-1R1 mRNA with neuron specific enolase mRNA. In addition to the expression in neuronal cells, IL-1R1 mRNA was also expressed on the vascular walls and the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus and the ventricles. These findings suggest the possibility that IL-1 produces its multiple effects on the central nervous system through the actions not only on neuronal cells but also on endothelial and epithelial cells.     

Report of a case of maxillo-nasal dysplasia (Binder syndrome)

The case of a girl with Binder syndrome (maxillonasal-dysplasia) is reported. The girl has a peculiar face due to severely depressed nasal bridge, the nasofrontal angle is absent and the nose is hypoplastic with flattened alae and nasal tip; the upper lip has a convex contour with poorly developed philtrum. The premaxillary is hypoplastic. Lateral and postero-anterior cephalometric findings are presented.     

Central adiposity and hemodynamic functioning at rest and during stress in adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of central adiposity upon hemodynamic functioning at rest and during stress in adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, correlational study. SUBJECTS: 46 White and 49 Black normotensive adolescents with family histories of essential hypertension. MEASUREMENTS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), cardiac output and total peripheral resistance responses were assessed at rest, during postural change, video game challenge and forehead cold stimulation. Specific lower and higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) tertiles were created for each gender and then integrated for analyses. This resulted in a lower WHR tertile of 11 Whites and 21 Blacks and an upper WHR tertile of 15 Whites and 17 Blacks. RESULTS: No differences in age, gender or ethnicity proportions were found between tertile groups (all P > 0.21). The upper WHR group showed greater body weight, waist and hip circumferences, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold and body surface area (all P < 0.001). Controlling for peripheral (that is, triceps skinfold) and overall (that is, BMI) adiposity, the upper WHR group exhibited greater SBP (that is, peak response minus mean pre-stressor level) to all three stressors and greater DBP reactivity to postural change and cold pressor (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Central adiposity appears to adversely influence hemodynamic functioning during adolescence. Underlying mechanisms responsible for these associations require exploration.