Hybrid NOMA for Future Radio Access: Design,Potentials and Limitations

Wireless Personal Communications - Next-generation internet of things (IoT) applications need numerous low-powered wireless mobile devices to connect with each other, having ultra-reliability and...     

Analytical modeling for 3D potential distribution of rectangular gate (RecG) gate-all-around (GAA) MOSFET in subthreshold and strong inversion regions

In this paper, we have introduced an analytical subthreshold and strong inversion 3D potential model for rectangular gate (RecG) gate-all-around (GAA) MOSFET. The subthreshold and strong inversion potential distribution in channel region of a RecG MOSFET is obtained respectively by solving 3D Laplace and 3D Poisson equations. The assumed parabolic potential distribution along the z-axis in channel direction is appropriately matched with 3D device simulator after consideration of z-depended characteristic length in subthreshold region. For accurate estimation of short channel effects (SCE), the electrostatics near source and drain is corrected. The precise gate-to-gate potential distribution is obtained after consideration of higher order term in assumed parabolic potential profile. The model compares well with numerical data obtained from the 3D ATLAS as a device simulator and deckbuild as an interactive runtime of Silvaco Inc.     

Life prediction of LED-based recess downlight cooled by synthetic jet

This paper details the adaptation and implementation of a proposed hierarchical model to the reliability assessment of LED-based luminaires. An Edison base ? 6 in., compatible can, downlight ? LED replacement bulb, cooled by active synthetic jets, is used as the test vehicle. Based on the identified degradation mechanisms and the experimentally obtained degradation rate of the cooling device, the reduction in the heat sink enhancement factor, and thus the increase in the LED junction temperature, is determined as a function of time. The degradation mechanisms of the dual-function power electronics – providing constant power to the LEDs and to the drivers of a series of synthetic jets – are also analyzed and serve as the basis for a hybrid model which combines these two effects on the luminaire lifetime. The lifetime of a prototypical luminaire is predicted from LED lifetime data using the degradation analyses of the synthetic jet and power electronics.     

Power law behavior in IF model with random excitatory and inhibitory rates

A new mechanism is proposed to generate power law behavior in interspike interval (ISI) distribution when a collection of neurons group together and fire together. Employing superstatistical framework, the mechanism requires a population of neurons which is characterized by randomly distributed excitatory and inhibitory rates. The distribution of these rates is characterized by independent gamma variates. The effect of randomness in the rates exhibits power law behavior in first passage time of the integrate and fire (IF) model. Extensive Monte Carlo simulation studies of the underlying stochastic differential equation (SDE) are carried out which also depict asymptotically power law behavior for ISI distribution for an ensemble of IF neurons.     

Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources

The present study was carried out to assess levels of different heavy metals like iron, manganese, copper and zinc, in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources. The results indicated a substantial build-up of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with wastewater. The range of various metals in wastewater-irrigated plants was 116–378, 12–69, 5.2–16.8 and 22–46 mg/kg for iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), respectively. The highest mean levels of Fe and Mn were detected in mint and spinach, whereas the levels of Cu and Zn were highest in carrot. The present study highlights that both adults and children consuming vegetables grown in wastewater-irrigated soils ingest significant amount of these metals. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable levels proposed by the [Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (1999). Summary and conclusions. In 53rd Meeting, Rome, June 1–10, 1999]. However, the regular monitoring of levels of these metals from effluents and sewage, in vegetables and in other food materials is essential to prevent excessive build-up of these metals in the food chain.     

A possible mechanism of Leptaden action by inhibiting prostaglandin F2alpha synthesis

Forearm skin blood flow was measured during external pressure loading in normal human subjects using 133Xe washout from intracutaneous injection sites. Pressures ranging between 5 and 150 mmHg were applied through a 3-cm-diameter disc placed over the site of flow determination. The pressure was maintained constant by a servo-controlled loading mechanism. Flow decreased with pressures from 5 to 10 and 30 to 150 mmHg, but remained constant with pressures from 10 to 30 mmHg. Reactive hyperemia occurred following removal of pressures of 90 mmHg or greater, but did not occur following removal of lower pressures. The pressure-flow curve for parasacral skin of paraplegic subjects closely paralleled the pressure-flow curve of normal skin at pressures tested: 5-15 mmHg. These data are interpreted to demonstrate autoregulation of skin blood flow. Autoregulation in parasacral skin of paraplegic subjects suggests a peripheral mechanism. The occurrence of hyperemia at pressures which exceed the ability of skin to autoregulate suggests that both autoregulation and post occlusion hyperemia may have the same mechanism.