Low-Complexity High-Rate Reed--Solomon Block Turbo Codes

This letter considers high-rate block turbo codes (BTC) obtained by concatenation of two single-error-correcting Reed-Solomon (RS) constituent codes. Simulation results show that these codes perform within 1 dB of the theoretical limit for binary transmission over additive white Gaussian noise with a low-complexity decoder. A comparison with Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem BTCs of similar code rate reveals that RS BTCs have interesting advantages in terms of memory size and decoder complexity for very-high-data-rate decoding architectures.     

Image reconstruction using interval simulated annealing in electrical impedance tomography

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an imaging technique that attempts to reconstruct the impedance distribution inside an object from the impedance between electrodes placed on the object surface. The EIT reconstruction problem can be approached as a nonlinear nonconvex optimization problem in which one tries to maximize the matching between a simulated impedance problem and the observed data. This nonlinear optimization problem is often ill-posed, and not very suited to methods that evaluate derivatives of the objective function. It may be approached by simulated annealing (SA), but at a large computational cost due to the expensive evaluation process of the objective function, which involves a full simulation of the impedance problem at each iteration. A variation of SA is proposed in which the objective function is evaluated only partially, while ensuring boundaries on the behavior of the modified algorithm.     

Photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser near 1.55 /spl mu/m on gold-coated silicon wafer

An InP/InGaAs-based photonic band-edge laser bonded on silicon operating near 1.55 mum is presented. A gold reflector positioned below the slab containing the active layer reduces the optical losses of the Bloch-mode resonator. As a result, a quality factor exceeding 8000 is obtained at transparency leading to a laser threshold as low as 3.4 muJ/cm²     

Noise reduction in rhythmic and multitrial biosignals with applications to event-related potentials

A new noise reduction algorithm is presented for signals displaying repeated patterns or multiple trials. Each pattern is stored in a matrix, forming a set of events, which is termed multievent signal. Each event is considered as an affine transform of a basic template signal that allows for time scaling and shifting. Wavelet transforms, decimated and undecimated, are applied to each event. Noise reduction on the set of coefficients of the transformed events is applied using either wavelet de- noising or principal component analysis (PCA) noise reduction methodologies. The method does not require any manual selection of coefficients. Nonstationary multievent synthetic signals are employed to demonstrate the performance of the method using normalized mean square error against classical wavelet and PCA based algorithms. The new method shows a significant improvement in low SNRs (typically <0 dB). On the experimental side, evoked potentials in a visual oddball paradigm are used. The reduced-noise visual oddball event-related potentials reveal gradual changes in morphology from trial to trial (especially for N1-P2 and N2-P3 waves at Fz), which can be hypothetically linked to attention or decision processes. The new noise reduction method is, thus, shown to be particularly suited for recovering single-event features in non- stationary low SNR multievent contexts.     

面向汽车应用的功率半导体器件与封装

汽车电子技术不断发展,越来越多的新器件、新封装应用在汽车中,这对汽车用功率半导体器件与封装提出很大挑战。文章介绍了不同种类功率半导体器件的特点,具体分析了当前主要的汽车用功率器件的分类、结构、封装与可靠性,并给出这一领域的发展现状。期望通过本综述能为发展国内汽车用功率半导体器件提供更广阔的视野。     

An efficient ATM voice service with flexible jitter and delayguarantees

A transmission and multiplexing strategy appropriate for voice over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), called delayed frame queueing (DFQ), is proposed. This frame-based strategy has features in common with the synchronous transfer mode and is thus well suited to service synchronous applications such as voice, while retaining the statistical multiplexing capabilities of ATM. In particular, the DFQ service discipline can provide explicit and nontrivial bounds for queue delay and jitter, for both bursty as well as continuous traffic streams. Furthermore, the DFQ discipline can combine a wide range of delay and jitter bounds while also managing the distribution of quality of service violations among the traffic streams when congestion occurs. Jitter control is performed at the network periphery and thus does not negatively influence multiplexing gain at intermediate nodes. This efficient strategy has major implications in terms of the preferred alternatives chosen by clients when implementing source clock recovery for voice. DFQ allows the entire range of implementation alternatives for voice over ATM to be appropriately serviced, such as ATM adaptation layer types 1 and 2 (AAL1/2), adaptive playout, and immediate playout     

Multichannel transmission of a multicore fiber coupled withvertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

A two-channel simultaneous transmission is experimented using direct coupling between a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array and a novel 2×2 core optical fiber. No crosstalk is observed. Coupling efficiency and mechanical tolerance are good enough to envisage system applications     

Algorithms for supporting disconnected write operations for wireless Web access in mobile client-server environments

In a wireless mobile client-server environment, a mobile user may voluntarily disconnect itself from the Web server to save its battery life and avoid high communication prices. To allow Web pages to be updated while the mobile user is disconnected from the Web server, updates can be staged in the mobile host and propagated back to the Web server upon reconnection. In this paper, we analyze algorithms for supporting disconnected write operations for wireless Web access and develop a performance model to identify the optimal length of the disconnection period under which the cost of update propagation is minimized. The analysis result is particularly applicable to Web applications which allow wireless mobile users to modify Web contents while on the move. We show how the result can be applied to real-time Web applications such that the mobile user can determine the longest disconnection period such that it can still propagate updates to the server before the deadline so that a minimum communication cost is incurred.     

Fault Prediction Based on the Kernel Function for Ribbon Wireless Sensor Networks

There exist several applications of wireless sensor networks in which the reliable operation can be crucial. Fault prediction is a critical problem in reliability theory for ribbon wireless sensor networks (RWSNs). Accurate fault prediction can effectively improve the availability of the WSNs system. In this paper, we evaluated the network performance for RWSNs, studied the basic theory of kernel functions, proposed a new failure prediction method based on kernel function, and selected the radial basis function as kernel function failure prediction models from two aspects of node hardware failures and network failures for fault prediction. Theoretical evidence and experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithmic prediction method has higher accuracy of 12 and 15% than that of GRNN and PNN respectively. Finally, we provided extensive numerical results to demonstrate the usage and efficiency of the proposed algorithms and complement our theoretical analysis.