Carriage of multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae among children attending day-care centres in the Stockholm area

An enforced treatment and institutionalization of psychiatric patients are implying a deep cut in the personal rights and freedom of these people. To prevent an abuse of psychiatry as a federal instrument of power and for the protection of all participants (patients and psychiatry personnel) a strict obeyance of federal rules and regulation required. Following to those aspects it is possible to minimate the uncertainty and retention of non-experienced doctors in psychiatry opposite the classical conflict concerning mental cruelty.     

Food insecurity in university students receiving financial aid.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the adequacy of loans funding and the risk for food insecurity in students living away from home and receiving loans at the University of Alberta. METHODS: A nutritious seven-day menu was developed. The menu was priced for skilled and unskilled shoppers at a grocery store near to campus and a discount-style grocery store further away. RESULTS: The menu was more costly for males, unskilled shoppers and those students who shopped near to campus. The menu cost was as high as $296/month and often exceeded the $196 allocated by the Canada Student Loans Program for food each month. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings from this study, students reliant on financial assistance likely have insufficient money for a nutritionally adequate diet and are at risk for food insecurity. Shopping skills and budgeting, while important, would be insufficient to alleviate food insecurity for many students who require financial aid. Increased funding for food in student loans is necessary.     

Simulation of heat transfer on the peristaltic flow of a Jeffrey-six constant fluid in a diverging tube

Peristaltic flow of a Jeffrey-six constant fluid in a nonuniform tube is investigated under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. The dimensionless quantities are used to simplify momentum and energy equations assuming that fluid physical/rheological properties remain constant. Regular perturbation method is invoked to find an analytical solution for the velocity and temperature field. The variation of pressure rise and frictional forces with the different parameters is also examined numerically. Results are also presented graphically at the end of the article.     

Peer interaction and learning with computers in small groups

While anecdotal reports of computer use in classrooms suggest that students often work together, few studies have focused on the interaction between students or on its consequences for achievement. This paper reviews the research on peer interaction with computers to determine its effects on learning. The purposes of this review are to determine (a) the advantages or disadvantages of group work for learning, (b) the kinds of verbal interaction that occur when students work together at the computer, and (c) the kinds of interaction that are beneficial or detrimental for learning. This paper considers the possible cognitive and socioemotional processes that mediate the effects of peer interaction on learning, and discusses the implications of the research findings for the design of computer software.     

An integrated mobile satellite broadcast, paging, communicationsand navigation system

The design of an integrated mobile satellite broadcast, paging, communications, and navigation system is described. Ku-band RadioSat ground stations will broadcast digital audio signals and data packets (including alphanumeric pages and group cells) to mobiles through a satellite to be launched in 1993. Each mobile radio will simultaneously receive L-band digital audio and data broadcasts from the satellite and L-band navigation broadcasts from the Global Positioning Systems (GPS) through a common omnidirectional mobile antenna and receiver front end. RadioSat mobile radios will use GPS broadcasts and differential corrections sent through the satellite to navigate with 2-m accuracy. With optional transmitters, RadioSat mobile radios can support two-way voice and data communications     

Aging and the restructuring of precued movements.

A precue paradigm was used to examine the time it takes to restructure a planned motor response. Two groups of subjects, a young group and an elderly group, performed an aiming task in which 75% of the trials involved no change of movement parameters. On remaining trials, subjects had to change one or more of the movement parameters. Elderly subjects had slower reaction times (RTs), movement times, and made more errors in both conditions. Elderly subjects had proportionally longer RTs overall, independent of restructuring a movement plan. Preparation of arm and direction also exhibited a proportional increase in RT. However, differential aging effects were found for preparation of extent. Elderly subjects were slower preparing short movements compared with long movements, whereas young subjects showed the opposite trend. These results suggest that with advancing age, operations concerned with movement-plan restructuring for arm and direction undergo change in processing rate, whereas operations for extent undergo more extensive alteration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Social skills and social anxiety: Are different laboratories measuring the same constructs?

Examined the generalizability of social-skills and social-anxiety global ratings made by judges trained in 6 experimental laboratories. Stimulus material consisted of videotapes of 20 psychiatric patients and a control sample of 20 National Guardsmen interacting in 2 types of social simulation typically employed in social-skills assessment: brief role plays and more extended interactions. Moderate degrees of generalizability across laboratories were found for the social-skills and social-anxiety ratings based on the brief role plays. For the more extended interaction, moderate generalizability was obtained for anxiety ratings, with some differences found among laboratories for the skills ratings. Results are viewed as encouraging, since numerous mitigating factors worked against establishing strong generalizability across laboratories. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)