A frequency domain hypothesis for human postural controlcharacteristics [visual feedback]

Experiments performed to determine the effect of filtered visual feedback information in the frequency domain on human body sway during quiet standing is described. The three-dimensional visor display system (3D-VD) was used to filter the visual feedback information. A hypothesis is proposed to explain the test subject's postural control characteristics and to estimate the different roles of the visual information used for postural stability in the low and high frequency domains. It is concluded that the hypothesis based on the spatial map in the brain is useful to explain the different roles of the visual feedback information in the frequency domain     

Strength improvement and fusion splicing for carbon-coated opticalfiber

Problems associated with the use of carbon coating on silica fibers, including the initial strength and fusion splicing, were examined. A carbon-coated fiber with 6.2-kgf failure strength and excellent hydrogen resistance was obtained by suppressing strength degradation due to carbon coating. A scanning microscope utilized to estimate the carbon surface roughness and a smooth surface was found to be essential to obtain high strength. These results show that no significant technical problems remain for carbon-coated fiber and that it is now ready for practical application     

Polymerization of phosphor-containing oligomer induced by electron-beam irradiation

Studies have been carried out on the polymerization of vinyl phosphonate oligomer in a form of thin liquid layer induced by electron-beam irradiation under various reaction conditions. It was found that the dose-rate exponent on the rate of polymerization was 0.92, that the presence of remaining diluent below 10% did not disturb the polymerization, but that the presence of oxygen retarded the reaction when the film thickness was as thin as 20μm. Intermittent irradiation was effective to increase the conversion to the polymer. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Hemorrhage into a simple liver cyst: diagnostic implications of a recent case

Hemorrhage complicating simple liver cyst is rare. On imaging studies, the differential diagnosis between intracystic hemorrhage and cystadenocarcinoma of the liver is unreliable, and hepatectomy has been performed for benign liver cyst in this situation. We describe the characteristics of hemorrhage into a liver cyst in a patient who underwent dome resection of the cyst. In our patient, important diagnostic findings included benign cytologic features in a cyst fluid specimen aspirated with ultrasonographic guidance and a fall in hemoglobin and hematocrit, suggestive of hemorrhage. Other informative features were absence of communication between the intrahepatic bile ducts and the cystic liver lesion upon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, as well as benign intraoperative frozen-section histology.     

New amphoteric surfactants containing a phosphoric acid group: II. Binary system of amphoteric/anionic surfactant of sodium 2-(N-2-hydroxytetradecyl-N-methylamino)ethyl hydrogen phosphate

We studied behaviors of the binary system of 2-(N-2-hydroxytetradecyl-N-methylamino)ethyl hydrogen phosphate (C₁₄-HMP) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution. We found that C₁₄-HMP reduced the ability of SDS to denature protein, to inhibit enzyme activity and to decrease transepidermal water loss. These phenomena were considered to be due to the interaction between the cationic group in the zwitterionic structure of C₁₄-HMP and the anionic group of sulfate in SDS molecule. These behaviors suggest that C₁₄-HMP has a potential to reduce skin irritation when applied to personal care products such as cleaners and shampoos having anionic surfactants.