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Melnik O Vardi Y Zhang CH 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》2004,26(8):973-981
Classifier combination holds the potential of improving performance by combining the results of multiple classifiers. For domains with very large numbers of classes, such as biometrics, we present an axiomatic framework of desirable mathematical properties for combination functions of rank-based classifiers. This framework represents a continuum of combination rules, including the Borda Count, Logistic Regression, and Highest Rank combination methods as extreme cases. Intuitively, this framework captures how the two complementary concepts of general preference for specific classifiers and the confidence it has in any specific result (as indicated by ranks) can be balanced while maintaining consistent rank interpretation. Mixed Group Ranks (MGR) is a new combination function that balances preference and confidence by generalizing these other functions. We demonstrate that MGR is an effective combination approach by performing multiple experiments on data sets with large numbers of classes and classifiers from the FERET face recognition study. 相似文献
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Ofer Arieli Marc Denecker Maurice Bruynooghe 《Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence》2007,50(3-4):389-415
In many scenarios, a database instance violates a given set of integrity constraints. In such cases, it is often required
to repair the database, that is, to restore its consistency. A primary motif behind the repairing approaches is the principle of minimal change, which is the aspiration to keep the recovered data as faithful as possible to the original (inconsistent) database. In this
paper, we represent this qualitative principle quantitatively, in terms of distance functions and some underlying metrics,
and so introduce a general framework for repairing inconsistent databases by distance-based considerations. The uniform way
of representing repairs and their semantics clarifies the essence behind several approaches to consistency restoration in
database systems, helps to compare the underlying formalisms, and relates them to existing methods of defining belief revision
operators, merging data sets, and integrating information systems.
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Recently, we have developed an experimental method for the detection of triplet states generated by laser excitation in supersonic beams. It is based on electron ejection from low work-function surfaces by metastable triplet states. We have detected both directly laser-excited triplets and triplets generated via intersystem crossing from laser-excited singlet states. Here, we review the applications of this method and discuss its mechanism. By comparing the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectrum and Surface Electron Ejection by Laser-Excited Metastables (SEELEM), we have measured relative triplet formation quantum yields for several aromatic compounds. By utilizing a detector mounted on a translational stage, we could vary the distance between the pulsed laser excitation and the detector and measure the decay rates of triplets in molecular beams. The major advantage of the method is in extending the measurement of triplet lifetimes to the ∼ 1-ms range. The combination of LIF, SEELEM, and fluorescence quantum yields enabled us to discriminate between intersystem crossing and internal conversion in isoquinoline. SEELEM is now being utilized in studying the spectroscopy and the dynamics of directly laser-excited triplet states. Although the oscillator strength of the lowest triplet state of pyrazine is about 10−8, we have measured the spectrum and the decay rates of its various vibronic levels. Our results support the notion that surface Penning ionization is the mechanism of SEELEM. The detector is insensitive to vibrational energy (thus enabling the distinction between intersystem crossing and internal conversion). The detection sensitivity of triplets rises with the excess electronic energy and with the lowering of the surface work-function. 相似文献
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A simplified analytical treatment of rather complex defect equilibria involving systems with multivalent dopants is presented. This approach is first demonstrated for the case of Gd2Ti2O7; doped with multiple valent donors, in which the effects of variations in donor ionization levels and in the equilibrium constants on the defect equilibria are examined. The conductivity data of U doped CeO2 are then evaluated, leading to equilibrium constants in good agreement with previous results, but allowing a more complete analysis. 相似文献
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The literature has found contradictory results regarding the impact of human resource management on project success. This paper focuses on one important human resource management process – team development – to investigate its importance in the project environment. Results show that most team development practices that work well in the operational business environment do not have a significant influence on project success. However, project duration was found to moderate the relationship between team development and project success: the effectiveness of team development increases in longer projects. The paper identifies and analyzes team development practices that have a positive impact on project success exclusively in long projects. 相似文献
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Ofer?BergmanEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Nimrod?Yanai 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2018,22(4):621-632
Millions of people retrieve their emails and files using their smartphones, yet smartphone retrieval of such personal information has never been studied or compared to retrievals from PCs. In our within-subjects study, we compared the retrievals of our 57 participants in four conditions: files using PCs, emails using PCs, files using smartphones, and emails using smartphones. Our results indicate that when using smartphones, retrievals were significantly less successful and efficient than when using PCs, casting doubt on the implicit assumption that the use of these devices is equivalent. Our results also indicate that participants used the search facility for emails about seven times more than for files, which can encourage vendors to invest more efforts in improving email search engines and file navigation systems. Finally, we found that the tendency to search shows interpersonal differences but consistency across different situations for the same individual and therefore can be regarded as a personal trait. Future research can attempt to explain the search tendency trait in terms of cognitive abilities and personality traits, incorporating it to well-established theories. This may pave the way to a new trait-related theory in the field of information science. 相似文献
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Recommender systems play a significant role in reducing information overload for people visiting online sites, but their accuracy could be improved by using data from online social networks and electronic communication tools. 相似文献