全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1285篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 97篇 |
化学工业 | 374篇 |
金属工艺 | 25篇 |
机械仪表 | 33篇 |
建筑科学 | 26篇 |
矿业工程 | 1篇 |
能源动力 | 58篇 |
轻工业 | 89篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 82篇 |
一般工业技术 | 300篇 |
冶金工业 | 43篇 |
原子能技术 | 35篇 |
自动化技术 | 145篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 31篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 53篇 |
2011年 | 82篇 |
2010年 | 47篇 |
2009年 | 48篇 |
2008年 | 71篇 |
2007年 | 71篇 |
2006年 | 56篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 45篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 41篇 |
1997年 | 30篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 21篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1310条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
A novel anionic surfactant templating route for synthesizing mesoporous silica with unique structure
Che S Garcia-Bennett AE Yokoi T Sakamoto K Kunieda H Terasaki O Tatsumi T 《Nature materials》2003,2(12):801-805
Anionic surfactants are used in greater volume than any other surfactants because of their highly potent detergency and low cost of manufacture. However, they have not been used as templates for synthesizing mesoporous silica. Here we show a templating route for preparing mesoporous silicas based on self-assembly of anionic surfactants and inorganic precursors. We use aminosilane or quaternized aminosilane as co-structure-directing agent (CSDA), which is different from previous pathways. The alkoxysilane site of CSDA is co-condensed with inorganic precursors; the ammonium site of CSDA, attached to silicon atoms incorporated into the wall, electrostatically interacts with the anionic surfactants to produce well-ordered anionic-surfactant-templated mesoporous silicas (AMS). These have new structures with periodic modulations as well as two-dimensional hexagonal and lamellar phases. The periodic modulations may be caused by the coexistence of micelles that differ in size or curvature, possibly owing to local chirality. These mesoporous silicas provide a new family of mesoporous materials as well as shedding light on the structural behaviour of anionic surfactants. 相似文献
92.
Xiaoyuan He Tomotaka Ogura Akihiro Satou Osamu Hasegawa 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2007,37(5):1357-1372
We present a new approach for online incremental word acquisition and grammar learning by humanoid robots. Using no data set provided in advance, the proposed system grounds language in a physical context, as mediated by its perceptual capacities. It is carried out using show-and-tell procedures, interacting with its human partner. Moreover, this procedure is open-ended for new words and multiword utterances. These facilities are supported by a self-organizing incremental neural network, which can execute online unsupervised classification and topology learning. Embodied with a mental imagery, the system also learns by both top-down and bottom-up processes, which are the syntactic structures that are contained in utterances. Thereby, it performs simple grammar learning. Under such a multimodal scheme, the robot is able to describe online a given physical context (both static and dynamic) through natural language expressions. It can also perform actions through verbal interactions with its human partner. 相似文献
93.
The thermo-emf ΔV of the touching p- and n-type Cu/Bi-Te/Cu composites with different thicknesses of t
Bi-Te and t
Cu was measured as a function of time by alternating the temperature difference ΔT at periods of T = 20, 60, 120, 240 and ∞ sec, where t
Bi-Te was varied from 0.1 to 2.0 mm and t
Cu from 0 to 4.0 mm. As a result, ΔV changes significantly with t
Bi-Te, t
Cu and T. The effective thermo-emf ΔV
eff increases significantly with an increase of 1/T and exhibited a local maximum at 1/T = 1/240 s−1. The resultant | α | and the effective temperature difference ΔT
eff were increased significantly by optimizing t
Bi-Te and t
Cu at 1/T = 1/240 s−1. The power generation ΔW
eff (= ΔV
eff2/4R
calc) estimated using the measured ΔV
eff and calculated R
calc also exhibited a local maximum at 1/240 s−1 for an optimum combination of t
Bi-Te = 0.1 mm and t
Cu = 2.0 mm, so that the maxima ΔW
eff at 1/T = 1/240 s−1 for the p- and n-type composites were 2.28 and 2.92 times higher than those obtained at 1/T = 0 s−1. This significant increase in ΔW
eff is owing to both the increase in ΔT
eff and the increase in ZT due to the increase in |α|. The power generation was thus found to be enhanced significantly by imposing the alternating
temperature gradients on touching Cu/Bi-Te/Cu composites. 相似文献
94.
The thermo-emf ΔV and current ΔI generated by imposing the alternating temperature gradients (ATG) at a period of T and the steady temperature gradient (STG) on a thermoelectric (TE) composite were measured as a function of t, where t is the lapsed time and T was varied from 60 to or ∞ s. The STG and ATG were produced by imposing steadily and alternatively a source voltage V in the range from 1.0 to 4.0 V on two Peltier modules sandwiching a composite. ΔT, ΔV, ΔI and VP oscillate at a period T and their waveforms vary significantly with a change of T, where ΔV and VP are the voltage drops in a load resistance RL and in resistance RP of two modules. The resultant Seebeck coefficient |α| = |ΔV|/ΔT of a composite under the STG was found to be expressed as |α| = |α0|(1 − Rcomp/RT), where RT is the total resistance of a circuit for measuring the output signals and Rcomp is the resistance of a composite. The effective generating power ΔWeff has a local maximum at T = 960 s for the p-type composite and at T = 480 s for the n-type one. The maximum energy conversion efficiency η of the p- and n-type composites under the ATG produced by imposing a voltage of 4.0 V at an optimum period were 0.22 and 0.23% at ΔTeff = 50 K, respectively, which are 42 and 43% higher than those at ΔT = 42 K under the STG. These maximum η for a TE composite sandwiched between two Peltier modules, were found to be expressed theoretically in terms of RP, RT, RL, αP and α, where αP and α are the resultant Seebeck coefficients of Peltier modules and a TE composite. 相似文献
95.
Takeshi Ando Eiichi Ohki Yasutaka Nakashima Yutaka Akita Hiroshi Iijima Osamu Tanaka 《Advanced Robotics》2013,27(15):1727-1746
The article describes the development of a gait phase time-based split-belt treadmill measurement system. Conventional methods of measuring gait phase, such as the foot switch and force plate, require significant preparation and are costly. In this article, we propose a simple, cheap, and accurate gait phase measurement system that utilizes only the treadmill motor current value. Comparison of this algorithm with conventional methods reveals that the proposed algorithm is as accurate as the foot switch. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can estimate stance phase within a 0.2?s error of the measured value of the force plate in most cases (four out of five healthy subjects). This accuracy is higher than that of the foot switch which is widely used in the clinical field. 相似文献
96.
An online incremental method of vision-only loop-closure detection for long-term robot navigation is proposed. The method is based on the scheme of direct feature matching which has recently become more efficient than the Bag-of-Words scheme in many challenging environments. The contributions of the paper are the application of hierarchical k-means to speed-up feature matching time and the improvement of the score calculation technique used to determine the loop-closing location. As a result, the presented method runs quickly in long term while retaining high accuracy. The searching cost has been markedly reduced. The proposed method requires no any off-line dictionary generation processes. It can start anywhere at any times. The evaluation has been done on standard well-known datasets being challenging in perceptual aliasing and dynamic changes. The results show that the proposed method offers high precision-recall in large-scale different environments with real-time computation comparing to other vision-only loop-closure detection methods. 相似文献
97.
In this paper, we propose a new information theoretic method called structural information control for flexible feature discovery. The new method has three distinctive characteristics, which traditional competitive learning fails to offer. First, the new method can directly control competitive unit activation patterns, whereas traditional competitive learning does not have any means to control them. Thus, with the new method, it is possible to extract salient features not discovered by traditional methods. Second, competitive units compete witheach other by maximizing their information content about input patterns. Consequently, this information maximization makes it possible to control flexibly competition processes. Third, in structural information control, it is possible to define many different kinds of information content, and we can choose a specific type of information according to a given objective. When applied to competitive learning, structural information can be used to control the number of dead or spare units, and to extract macro as well as micro features of input patterns in explicit ways. We first applied this method to simple pattern classification to demonstrate that information can be controlled and that different neuron firing patterns can be generated. Second, a dipole problem was used to show that structural information could provide representations similar to those by the conventional competitive learning methods. Finally, we applied the method to a language acquisition problem in which networks must flexibly discover some linguistic rules by changing structural information. Especially, we attempted to examine the effect of the information parameter to control the number of dead neurons, and thus to examine how macro and micro features in input patterns can explicitly be discovered by structural information. 相似文献
98.
99.
100.
Barium titanium trioxide (BaTiO3) thin films were deposited on fused silica or silicon wafer substrate from barium dipivaloylmethanate (II) (Ba(dpm)2) and titanium tetraisopropoxide (IV) (TTIP) used as precursors in an oxygen microwave plasma. The substrates were dielectrically heated and the substrate temperatures were around 900 K during the film deposition. The deposition was performed for 15 min and the deposits were identified as BaTiO3 by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and ellipsometry. Oxygen and barium atoms and TiO and CO molecules were identified in the plasma. These species would produce higher deposition rates at lower substrate temperatures than those did in the usual thermal metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The dielectric constant of the BaTiO3 thin film that was directly deposited on the silicon wafer substrate was as low as 101 order of magnitude. Because the deposit reacted with the substrate and an interdiffusional layer was formed, the platinum layer was coated on the silicon wafer substrate in order to prevent the formation of an interdiffusional layer. The dielectric constant then increased to 103 order of magnitude. 相似文献