Anionenaustausch in gemischten lösungsmitteln – einwertige anionen am anionenaustauscher wofatit SBK

The equilibrium coefficients and relative affinities of 10 monovalent anions on the strongly basic anion-exchanger resin Wofatit SBK were determined in batches by the conductivity method in water-miscible solvents (H₂O: org. solvent = 20:80) methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, dimethylsulfoxide and acetonitrile. The measured values are investigated with respect to their practical applicability and are discussed in relation to values measured in pure aqueous medium.     

Effect of Carbon‐Based Materials on the Early Hydration of Tricalcium Silicate

Two types of carbon‐based materials, i.e., mesoporous carbon and HNO₃‐oxidized carbon nanotubes, with nearly the same specific surface area and abundant in surface oxygen‐containing functional groups were selected in order to examine their effect on the hydration of tricalcium silicate (C₃S), the main portland cement component, in early stages. Different methods, including XPS and TG‐MS analyses, electrokinetic potential measurements, as well as determination of adsorption capacity for calcium ions from aqueous solutions, were used to investigate the physicochemical surface properties of the selected carbon‐based materials. It was found that the carbon‐based materials with high specific surface area and rich in oxygen‐containing functional groups on their surfaces have a catalytic effect on early C₃S hydration. It was observed that the modification of C₃S paste with the selected materials added in high concentrations (1 wt% and higher) led to an increase in the rate and degree of C₃S hydration in the early stages. The mechanism of early C₃S hydration accelerated by carbon‐based materials rich in surface functional groups was clarified by the example of the mesoporous carbon. It was found that the oxygen‐containing functional groups present on the carbon surface have both an influence on the content of calcium ions in the aqueous phase of the C₃S paste and an indirect positive effect in relation to the specific surface of C₃S.     

Synthesis of SnFe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> Nanomaterials Via High Energy Ball Milling of SnO (Stannous) and α-Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> (Hematite) Solid Precursors

The synthesis of single phase tin-ferrite, SnFe₂O₄, from tin (II) oxide or stannous oxide (SnO), and hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) solid precursors was carried out via high energy ball milling (HEBM) under wet condition involving the addition of controlled amounts of acetone. The stoichiometric amounts of the precursor materials were ball milled continuously for up to 22 h in a Spex-8000D mill using a ball-to-powder ratio of 40:1, with hardened stainless steel balls in WC-lined jars. The time-dependent formation of the SnFe₂O₄ based on combined X-ray diffraction and room temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) measurements revealed reaction enhancements associated with particles size reduction. The 22 h milled material indicated that synthesized SnFe₂O₄ had a particle size of 10.91 nm, coercivity of 4.44 mT, magnetic saturation/remanent ratio (M _r/M _s) of 0.085, while its superparamagnetic behavior was confirmed based on the combined MS and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements.     

Study on Thermomechanical Treatment, Mechanical Properties and Fatigue of Nitinol Superelastic Thin Sheet

A wide range of different thermomechanical treatments was performed on commercially available superelastic Nitinol thin sheet. The ingot composition in the range of standard superelastic material with about 50.8?at.% Ni, balance Ti, was used to manufacture a series of samples with different thermomechanical conditions. Production parameters such as cold work, heat treatment temperature, and heat treatment time were varied. All finished samples were of the same final thickness of 0.3?mm and received the same industrial surface finishing process to obtain a smooth, defect, and oxide-free, shiny surface. Before carrying out the laser cutting, the material was characterized by tensile testing, DSC, and bend-and-free recovery test. Miniature dogbone specimens were cut from the as-manufactured sheets in both directions, longitudinal as well as transverse to the rolling direction. These samples were surface finished using standard deburring and electropolishing processes. For some specific parameter combinations, there were also samples taken at 45?? to the rolling direction. All qualified samples were then exposed to fatigue testing in a bending mode until fracture or run-out. The results showed there is a significant effect on the fatigue performance of the samples from both the applied thermomechanical treatment as well as the sheet anisotropy. It is also obvious that the achieved strain data is on average lower than the data obtained in comparable studies on tube or wire, which can be attributed to the different test setup (bending mode in air at 37???C) as compared to most other studies as well as the larger surface.     

The status of urodynamic examination in urologic evaluation

Urodynamics encompass a number of functional tests of the lower and occasionally the upper urinary tract. These tests comprise uroflowmetry, cystometry or measurement of bladder pression during bladder filling and voiding, urethral pressure profile, electromyography (EMG) of the external urethral sphincter, pressure-flow studies and video-urodynamics. Alone or in combination these examinations have become essential elements of urological clinical work-up, since they do not only allow to precisely classify a functional disorder but also to establish an adequate therapy. Urodynamics are nowadays standard in any urological department.     

Towards design and comparison of World Wide Web-accessible myocardial two-dimensional gel electrophoresis protein databases

In addition to the recently published HEART-2DPAGE--a myocardial World Wide Web-accessible 2-DE gel protein database--the usage and installation of software tools are described with regard to the hard- and software environments. Further, access to the HEART-2DPAGE from other two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) databases using name or accession code of a protein is now available. Moreover, database images, published in the myocardial HSC-2DPAGE and HEART-2DPAGE databases are compared. Using the warping tool of the common image processing system Khoros the database images are matched and added in order to visualize the effects of warping. The application of such image processing tools is aimed at improving the comparability of protein spot patterns of different gel images available through the net.     

Exploring Transfer Learning Approaches for Head Pose Classification from Multi-view Surveillance Images

Head pose classification from surveillance images acquired with distant, large field-of-view cameras is difficult as faces are captured at low-resolution and have a blurred appearance. Domain adaptation approaches are useful for transferring knowledge from the training (source) to the test (target) data when they have different attributes, minimizing target data labeling efforts in the process. This paper examines the use of transfer learning for efficient multi-view head pose classification with minimal target training data under three challenging situations: (i) where the range of head poses in the source and target images is different, (ii) where source images capture a stationary person while target images capture a moving person whose facial appearance varies under motion due to changing perspective, scale and (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii). On the whole, the presented methods represent novel transfer learning solutions employed in the context of multi-view head pose classification. We demonstrate that the proposed solutions considerably outperform the state-of-the-art through extensive experimental validation. Finally, the DPOSE dataset compiled for benchmarking head pose classification performance with moving persons, and to aid behavioral understanding applications is presented in this work.     

Konzeption einer Kollaborationsplattform für die zwischenbetriebliche Softwareerstellung

The development of business application software is increasingly based on the development of different components by various suppliers. In the next step, system vendors integrate these components. Hereby, inter-organizational collaboration becomes more and more important for the software industry. In order to strengthen the value-added processes within these established software supply chains, the Ministry of Economic Affairs in Baden-Württemberg funded the project TASK that aims at fostering inter-organizational design, integration, and implementation of software components. The present article on the one hand provides an insight into the structure as well as the progress of this project and, on the other hand, presents academic research results in terms of an empirical analysis of barriers and drivers of interorganizational collaboration and of the purposeful design of a collaboration platform. The article concludes with a summary and a discussion of current and upcoming issues in establishing and sustaining inter-organizational collaboration structures within the software industry.     

Thermodynamic data of the formation of titanium nitride in iron

The solubility of titanium nitride in liquid iron is described by the solubility product log([%Ti][%N])₁ = ?17040/T + 6.40 reported by Turkdogan. The solubility in δ ferrite measured by Kunze is log<[%Ti][%N])_δ = ?17205/T + 5.56. Combining the solubilities in both phases and the solubilities of nitrogen the distribution equilibrium of titanium can be derived. It is characterized by the thermodynamic distribution coefficient k^δ/I_o,Ti = [%Ti]_δ/[%Ti] = 0.40. By zone melting and secondary ion mass spectrometry of the titanium distribution k^δ/I_Ti = 0.53 was measured. An analysis of all known data led to k^δ/I_o,Ti = 0.40…0.50. Measurements of the TiN solubility in austenite by heat treatment were not significant. They led to distribution coefficients between 0.07 and > 1. By zone melting in a carburizing atmosphere a distribution coefficient k^γ/I_Ti = 0.12 was measured. From a thermodynamic analysis performed by Ohtani et al., from the TiN solubility in the melt, and from the solubilities of nitrogen k^γ/I_o,Ti = 0.13 was deduced. Basing on the distribution equilibria of titanium and nitrogen and on the measured temperature dependence the solubility product log([%Ti][%N])_γ = ?15000/T + 4.06 was obtained.     

Understanding how people process health information: A comparison of tailored and nontailored weight-loss materials.

Health information tailored to meet individuals' unique needs has been shown to be more effective than generic information in promoting risk-reducing behavior changes. To explore mechanisms underlying tailoring's effectiveness, this study randomly assigned 198 overweight adults to receive weight-loss materials that were either (a) tailored to the individual, (b) in an American Heart Association (AHA) brochure, or (c) AHA-content formatted to look like tailored materials. Participants who received tailored materials had more positive thoughts about the materials, positive personal connections to the materials, positive self-assessment thoughts, and positive thoughts indicating behavioral intention than those who received either of the untailored materials. The tailoring of health information can significantly improve the chances the information will be thoughtfully considered and can stimulate prebehavioral changes such as self-assessment and intention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)