Local Epidermal Endocrine Estrogen Protects Human Melanocytes against Oxidative Stress,a Novel Insight into Vitiligo Pathology

As the outermost barrier of the body, skin is a major target of oxidative stress. In the brain, estrogen has been reported synthesized locally and protects neurons from oxidative stress. Here, we explored whether estrogen is also locally synthesized in the skin to protect from oxidative stress and whether aberrant local estrogen synthesis is involved in skin disorders. Enzymes and estrogen receptor expression in skin cells were examined first by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Interestingly, the estrogen synthesis enzyme was mainly localized in epidermal keratinocytes and estrogen receptors were mainly expressed in melanocytes among 13 kinds of cultured human skin cells. The most abundant estrogen synthesis enzyme expressed in the epidermis was 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17β1) localized in keratinocytes, and the most dominant estrogen receptor expressed in the epidermis was G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in melanocytes. To investigate whether keratinocyte-derived estradiol could protect melanocytes from oxidative stress, cultured human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-MPs) were treated with H₂O₂ in the presence or absence of 17β estradiol or co-cultured with HSD17β1 siRNA-transfected keratinocytes. Keratinocyte-derived estradiol exhibited protective effects against H₂O₂-induced cell death. Further, reduced expression of HSD17β1 in the epidermis of skin from vitiligo patients was observed compared to the skin from healthy donors or in the normal portions of the skin in vitiligo patients. Our results suggest a possible new target for interventions that may be used in combination with current therapies for patients with vitiligo.     

熔融织构YBCO块样品的磁特性研究

对MTG区熔生长法,慢冷法,粉末熔融生长法这3种方法制备的熔融织构YBCO块样品进行了交流磁化率和磁阻的测量。根据实验结果计算了样品的钉扎势,并且发现3种方法制备的样品在150 mT外磁场下均显示出基本消除弱连接的特性;粉末融熔生长法所制样品中有较纯净123相和较好织构,质量最好。     

Model of intense pulsed ion beam and simulation study of energy deposited on target

Gaussian type models have been established according to the real detected voltage of magnetically insulated ion diode and intense pulsed ion beam density near the focus of the diode. The energy deposition of Al target irradiated by intense pulsed ion beam has been simulated by Monte Carlo method based on these models. The results of energy depositions of the irradiation of single energy ions and the Gaussian distribution IPIB have been obtained. Especially cases of ion beam irradiating Al target at different angles on one dimension and two dimensions are discussed. The evolution processes of the energy deposition of ions in target have been simulated during a pulse. In addition, incident angles of H⁺ ions and C⁺ ions ranging from 20 to 40° have been researched. We obtained the conclusions that C⁺ ions of the beam affect the physical properties of near surface region, but H⁺ ions affect the deeper layer. The energy of intense pulsed ion beam mainly deposits on target surface, so melting and evaporation begin both from target surface.     

妊娠相关血浆蛋白A的分离及纯化

采用人胎盘血为原料,利用Sephadex G-200,DEAE-Sephadex A-50层析,Sepharose 4B反相免疫亲和层析技术,获得妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)纯品,经8.0％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、免疫电泳、双向免疫扩散证明,所提取的PAPP-A纯品为单一成分。免疫家兔获得抗血清,其效价在1:16以上。     

Modification of a carbon/carbon composite with a thermosetting resin precursor as a matrix by the addition of carbon black

Carbon/carbon composites were made through the pyrolysis of stabilized PAN felt and phenolic resin with the addition of 5 or 10 wt % carbon black to the matrix and then heat treatment at 600–2500°C. The effects of adding carbon black to the matrix precursor on the physical properties, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the resultant composites were investigated. Adding carbon black not only reduced the weight loss but also limited the shrinkage of the resultant composites. Adding carbon black also accelerated the formation of carbon basal planes in the matrix. At 2500°C, the crystalline stacking height in the composite with 10 wt % added carbon black was 200% greater than that with no additive. The flexural strength of the composite also increased from 15 to 42 MPa (almost 300%). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 333–337, 2006     

十二烷基－二甲基（2－羟基）乙基氯化铵系列季铵盐的缓蚀性能

通过失重法和极化曲线、线性极化两种电化学方法，研究了十二烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１２２）、十四烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１４２）和十六烷基二甲基（２－羟基）乙基氯化铵（１６２）对２０＃碳钢在５％盐酸中的缓蚀作用。并与新洁尔灭（十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵）进行了比较。结果表明，它们在酸性介质中具有很好的缓蚀作用。     

高冰镍硫酸浸出液萃取净化工艺流程的经济分析和最优化

本文以我国水法冶金的实际应用课题为对象,用系统分析的手法对高冰镍硫酸浸出液以5709和P507为萃取剂的两种萃取净化流程作了技术经济分析和比较.本文基于工艺实验建立的萃取与反萃模型,作为过程模拟和设计的基础.最后确定出该流程的最优操作参数和各单元操作的费用估算.     

Spatio‐temporal geometry fusion for multiple hybrid cameras using moving least squares surfaces

Multi‐view reconstruction aims at computing the geometry of a scene observed by a set of cameras. Accurate 3D reconstruction of dynamic scenes is a key component for a large variety of applications, ranging from special effects to telepresence and medical imaging. In this paper we propose a method based on Moving Least Squares surfaces which robustly and efficiently reconstructs dynamic scenes captured by a calibrated set of hybrid color+depth cameras. Our reconstruction provides spatio‐temporal consistency and seamlessly fuses color and geometric information. We illustrate our approach on a variety of real sequences and demonstrate that it favorably compares to state‐of‐the‐art methods.     

A New Derivation of the Cubature Kalman Filters

This paper investigates the cubature Kalman filtering (CKF) for nonlinear dynamic systems. This third‐degree rule based filter employs a spherical‐radial cubature rule to numerically compute the integrals encountered in nonlinear filtering problems, thereby removing the requirements of explicitly computing the Jacobians. The cubature rule, however, requires computing the intractable integrals over a high‐dimensional spherical region for multidimensional applications. Moreover, the cubature formula that has been used to construct the spherical cubature formula has some demerits, most notably its inconvenient properties in computation and low estimation accuracy. Aimed at these issues, a general class of CKFs that uses only cubature rules is derived in this paper. It can be shown that the conventional CKF is a special case of the proposed algorithm. The paper also includes higher‐degree CKFs, especially two representative types of the fifth‐degree CKFs. Performance of the proposed algorithms is demonstrated via two target tracking problems. The experimental results, presented herein, illustrate the superior performance of higher‐degree CKFs to conventional nonlinear filters.     

Preparation and properties of polyamines. Part I. Polymers containing dinitro substituted aromatic groups

Relatively high molecular weight polyamines with aromatic nitro groups in the repeat units were prepared by the reactions of aliphatic diamines, and 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, at elevated temperatures in diphenyl sulfone. The physical characteristics, including solubility, thermal stability, and viscosity of the resulting polyamines were found to be strongly dependent on the aliphatic chain length of the diamines used. All polymers exhibited exceptional solvent resistance. Except for strong acids with bulky counter-ions, including sulfuric, perchloric, and nitric acids, the polymers were found to be insoluble in all common organic solvents at room temperature.