Energy Based Random Repeat Trust Computation in Delay Tolerant Network

As the use of mobile devices continues to rise, trust administration will significantly improve security in routing the guaranteed quality of service (QoS) supply in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) due to the mobility of the nodes. There is no continuance of network communication between nodes in a delay-tolerant network (DTN). DTN is designed to complete recurring connections between nodes. This approach proposes a dynamic source routing protocol (DSR) based on a feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and energy-based random repetition trust calculation in DTN. If another node is looking for a node that swerved off of its path in this situation, routing will fail since it won’t recognize it. However, in the suggested strategy, nodes do not stray from their pathways for routing. It is only likely that the message will reach the destination node if the nodes encounter their destination or an appropriate transitional node on their default mobility route, based on their pattern of mobility. The EBRRTC-DTN algorithm (Energy based random repeat trust computation) is based on the time that has passed since nodes last encountered the destination node. Compared to other existing techniques, simulation results show that this process makes the best decision and expertly determines the best and most appropriate route to send messages to the destination node, which improves routing performance, increases the number of delivered messages, and decreases delivery delay. Therefore, the suggested method is better at providing better QoS (Quality of Service) and increasing network lifetime, tolerating network system latency.     

Energy Efficient Enhanced OLSR Routing Protocol Using Particle Swarm Optimization with Certificate Revocation Scheme for VANET

In Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), routing and security are the mainchallenges. In our previous work, we have presented cluster-based secure communication with the certificate revocation scheme for securable communication between the vehicles.Cluster formation is done using the trust degree of each vehicle and this trust degree is calculated based on the direct and indirect trust degree of each vehicle. Information of eachvehicle is gathered by the corresponding cluster head (CH) in a cluster. This information is maintained by the Certificate Revocation List (CRL) in the Certificate Authority (CA). CA isolates a vehicle as an attacked node if it has less trust degree than the threshold trust value and it invalidates the certificate of attacked or revoked nodes. Before transmission, each vehicle in a cluster validates its certificate with the support of CA. After the validation, the other challenge of VANET i.e., efficient route is to be established so that Energy efficient enhanced OLSR routing protocol using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented in this paper. After the establishment of the efficient route, the vehicle deploys the symmetric cryptography approach for securable transmission. Simulation results show that the performance of our proposed approach outperforms the performance of existing work in terms of energy efficiency.

     

Photocatalytic degradation of liquid waste containing EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) is widely used as a decontaminating agent in nuclear industry. The presence of complexant interferes in treatment of radioactive effluent. It is therefore essential to degrade EDTA prior to chemical treatment for effective management of radioactive waste. Photocatalytic treatment of EDTA can be used as a pretreatment step. The photocatalytic degradation of EDTA has been investigated in liquid waste using Degussa P-25 titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as the semiconductor photocatalyst in presence of UV light. A cylindrical photoreactor has been used for the present purpose. The process of degradation of EDTA was monitored by titrimetric method using magnesium sulphate as the titrant and Erichrome black-T as indicator. The effects of various parameters such as pH, quantity of the catalyst loading, effect of H₂O₂ were studied. The presence of amides was detected in the degraded waste. The radioactive liquid waste containing degraded EDTA was then subjected a chemical treatment (precipitation) step, which is generally used as a waste treatment step. Results have shown that the degradation products of EDTA does not interfere in the chemical precipitation step and gives a good decontamination factor for the treatment process compared to the radioactive liquid waste where EDTA degradation has not been carried out.     

Nucleic acid detection strategy using gold nanoprobe of two diverse origin

In recent years, nanoparticles especially with gold and silver nanoparticles based point of care diagnostic methods is being developed for the lethal diseases like dengue. This study focused to work on the dengue virus detection in a simplest method using gold nanoparticles probe (AuNPs) with thiol tagged single strand DNA (ss‐DNA). A sensitive, fluorescence‐based detection strategy was designed to examine and quantified the hybridisation process and also elucidated the behaviour of AuNPs before and after interaction of biomolecule. The detection process was focused on aggregation of gold nanoprobe in the presence of complementary strand (target region). Hence the percentage of aggregation was measured and as a result, the limit of detection was found to be 10⁻⁶ dilutions. Current detection method was highly sensitive, easy to perform and the reaction timing is rapid between 5 and 10 min, and it can be observed through naked eye.Inspec keywords: patient diagnosis, microorganisms, nanomedicine, gold, fluorescence, nanosensors, DNA, nanoparticles, molecular biophysics, diseases, optical sensorsOther keywords: nucleic acid detection strategy, gold nanoprobe, silver nanoparticles, lethal diseases, dengue virus detection, gold nanoparticles probe, thiol tagged single strand DNA, hybridisation process, detection process, aggregation, complementary strand, current detection method, point‐of‐care diagnostic methods, fluorescence‐based detection strategy, Au     

Photocatalytic hydrogen production from aqueous methanol solution using titanium dioxide with the aid of simultaneous metal deposition

The photocatalytic hydrogen generation from aqueous methanol solution using TiO₂ photocatalyst was investigated with the aid of simultaneous metal deposition. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with pure TiO₂ was very small. The simultaneous deposition for various metals was therefore evaluated. As a result, the additions of Au and Cu ions were effective for the improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Methanol concentration and metal ion concentration were optimized for the system. The optimal methanol concentrations were 90 and 80 vol% in the case of addition of Au and Cu ions, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the photocatalytic hydrogen production using TiO₂ photocatalyst with the aid of simultaneous Cu and Au deposition were approximately 25 and 120 times larger than those obtained with bare TiO₂.