Influence of electrodeposition potential,TiO2 nanoparticles and chromium (III) inhibitor addition on the corrosion protection performance of organosilane coating on aluminium

In this work, the anticorrosion properties of phenyl trimethoxysilane (PTMS) films coated on aluminium 5000 series alloys were studied. PTMS films were deposited at various cathodic potentials. The optimum electrodeposition potential was found to be ?0.8?V vs. SCE. The coatings were also modified by different amounts of nano-TiO₂. In order to introduce corrosion inhibition and a self-repair property of the PTMS film, the addition of chromium (III) corrosion inhibitor in the presence of nano-TiO₂ was studied. The anticorrosion performance of coatings was investigated in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. At optimum deposition potential, the ‘critical’ nano-TiO₂ and Cr(III) contents were both observed, under which the obtained PTMS coatings show the highest anticorrosion performance. The surface morphologies of PTMS coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the coatings deposited at ?0.8?V vs. SCE, from 20?ppm of nano-TiO₂ and 0.003 M Cr(III) inhibitor present uniform and compact morphologies.     

Visible Light-Induced Degradation of Methylene Blue in the Presence of Photocatalytic ZnS and CdS Nanoparticles

ZnS and CdS nanoparticles were prepared by a simple microwave irradiation method under mild conditions. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM and EDX. The results indicated that high purity of nanosized ZnS and CdS was successfully obtained with cubic and hexagonal crystalline structures, respectively. The band gap energies of ZnS and CdS nanoparticles were estimated using UV-visible absorption spectra to be about 4.22 and 2.64 eV, respectively. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was carried out using physical mixtures of ZnS and CdS nanoparticles under a 500-W halogen lamp of visible light irradiation. The residual concentration of methylene blue solution was monitored using UV-visible absorption spectrometry. From the study of the variation in composition of ZnS:CdS, a composition of 1:4 (by weight) was found to be very efficient for degradation of methylene blue. In this case the degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst nanoparticles after 6 h irradiation time was about 73% with a reaction rate of 3.61 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹. Higher degradation efficiency and reaction rate were achieved by increasing the amount of photocatalyst and initial pH of the solution.     

Combination of In Situ Surfactant-based Solid Phase Extraction and Central Composite Design for Preconcentration and Determination of Manganese in Food and Water Samples

A new kind of solid phase extraction (SPE), which we named in situ surfactant-based solid phase extraction (ISS-SPE), represents a simple, selective and rapid method for preconcentration and determination of manganese from food and water samples. This method has distinct advantages: extraction times are short and recoveries are high; further, we can see formation of fine particles of large specific surface and their good dispersion in the solution. In this work, a small amount of cationic surfactant, n-dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) was injected into the water sample containing Mn ions, which were complexed by 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN). After shaking, a little volume of NaPF₆ as an ion-pairing agent was added into the solution by a microsyringe. After preconcentration, the settled phase was dissolved in a specific volume of ethanol and then aspirated into the flame atomic absorption spectrometer by using a homemade microsample introduction system. The effective parameters such as pH, concentration of surfactant, concentration of chelating agent, concentration of ion-pairing agent and effect of salt concentration were optimized by a fractional factorial design to identify the most important parameters and their interactions, and central composite methodology was used to achieve the optimum point of effective parameters to the response. Under the optimum conditions, preconcentration of 10?ml of the sample solution permitted detection of 0.88???g?l^?1 with enhancement factor of 45.6, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for five determinations of Mn ions was 3.5%. The developed method was applied to the determination of trace manganese in various real samples with satisfactory results.     

Fault detection in non-linear systems based on type-2 fuzzy logic

This paper presents a new method for fault detection (FD) based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The main idea is based on a confident span using interval type-2 fuzzy systems. An estimate for upper and lower bounds of output has been taken using the designing of an optimal fuzzy system through clustering. Finally the method has been tested in two non-linear systems, a two-tank with a fluid flow and pH neutralisation process, and it is compared with a well-known method named ANFIS. Furthermore, the mathematical model and the results of simulations prove the effectiveness, usefulness and applications of our new method.     

Resource discovery approaches in cloudIoT: a systematic review

The Journal of Supercomputing - The cloud of things (CloudIoT) represents a general system of supporting infrastructure for storing and processing information gathered from smart objects and their...     

Supercritical methanol for fatty acid methyl ester production: A review

To overcome the limitations of conventional biodiesel processing technology, researchers have investigated alternative production methods, one of these being supercritical methanol processing. It has been reported that this process can handle feed contaminants, has simple purification operations and achieves high conversion in short reaction times. Despite these promising results many factors have been shown to affect the level of conversion at the high temperatures and pressures required. The purpose of this review is to clarify the inter-relation between these parameters and evaluate the merit of supercritical methanol processing as an alternative to the conventional homogeneous alkaline catalysed method.     

Effect of fortification with asparagus powder on the qualitative properties of processed cheese

The qualitative properties of processed cheese (PC) fortified with different levels of asparagus powder (AP) (0.5%, 1% and 1.5% wt/wt) were evaluated during storage. AP decreased the pH and lipolysis indexes and increased the phenolic content, antioxidant activity and proteolysis of the processed cheeses. AP made the structure of the cheese more elastic, increased the rigidity and decreased the spreadability compared with the control sample, which corresponded to the results obtained using dynamic oscillatory rheometry. The results showed that AP as a rich source of bioactive components could be used for the fortification of processed cheeses.