This paper is about the development of a face-to-face collaborative technology to support shifting attitudes of participants
in conflict via a narration task. The work is based on two cultural elements: conflict resolution theory and the design of
a collaboration enforcing interface designed specifically for the task. The general claim is that participants may achieve
a greater understanding of and appreciation for the other’s viewpoint under conditions that support partaking in a tangible
joint task and creating a shared narration. Specifically, a co-located interface for producing a joint narration as a tool
for favoring reconciliation is presented and discussed. The process based on this technology implicitly includes classical
steps in conflict resolution approaches, such as escalation and de-escalation. Our goal is to show that this interface is
effective and constitutes an alternative to a typical face-to-face moderated discussion. 相似文献
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 3-week intervention in which a co-located cooperation enforcing interface, called
StoryTable, was used to facilitate collaboration and positive social interaction for six children, aged 8–10 years, with autistic
spectrum disorder (ASD). The intervention focused on exposing pairs of children to an enforced collaboration paradigm while
they narrated a story. Pre- and post-intervention tasks included a “low technology” version of the storytelling device and
a non storytelling play situation using a free construction game. The outcome measure was a structured observation scale of
social interaction. Results demonstrated progress in three areas of social behaviors. First, the participants were more likely
to initiate positive social interaction with peers after the intervention. Second, the level of shared play of the children
increased from the pre-test to the post-test and they all increased the level of collaboration following the intervention.
Third, the children with ASD demonstrated lower frequencies of autistic behaviors while using the StoryTable in comparison
to the free construction game activity. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the effectiveness of
this intervention for higher functioning children with ASD. 相似文献
In recent years, the proliferation of VOIP data has created a number of applications in which it is desirable to perform quick
online classification and recognition of massive voice streams. Typically such applications are encountered in real time intelligence
and surveillance. In many cases, the data streams can be in compressed format, and the rate of data processing can often run
at the rate of Gigabits per second. All known techniques for speaker voice analysis require the use of an offline training
phase in which the system is trained with known segments of speech. The state-of-the-art method for text-independent speaker
recognition is known as Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM), and it requires an iterative expectation maximization procedure for
training, which cannot be implemented in real time. In many real applications (such as surveillance) it is desirable to perform
the recognition process in online time, so that the system can be quickly adapted to new segments of the data. In many cases,
it may also be desirable to quickly create databases of training profiles for speakers of interest. In this paper, we discuss
the details of such an online voice recognition system. For this purpose, we use our micro-clustering algorithms to design
concise signatures of the target speakers. One of the surprising and insightful observations from our experiences with such
a system is that while it was originally designed only for efficiency, we later discovered that it was also more accurate
than the widely used GMM. This was because of the conciseness of the micro-cluster model, which made it less prone to over training. This is evidence of the fact that it is often possible
to get the best of both worlds and do better than complex models both from an efficiency and accuracy perspective. We present
experimental results illustrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the method.
Behavioral telehealth, health informatics, organ and tissue transplantation, and genetics are among the areas that have been affected by advances in technology and medicine. These areas illustrate the opportunities and the challenges that new developments can pose to health psychologists. Each area is discussed with respect to implications for practice, research, public policy, and education and training: recommendations are provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
Given a 3-valued abstraction of a program (possibly generated using static program analysis and predicate abstraction) and
a temporal logic formula, generalized model checking (GMC) checks whether there exists a concretization of that abstraction
that satisfies the formula. In this paper, we revisit generalized model checking for linear time (LTL) properties. First,
we show that LTL GMC is 2EXPTIME-complete in the size of the formula and polynomial in the model, where the degree of the
polynomial depends on the formula, instead of EXPTIME-complete and quadratic as previously believed. The standard definition
of GMC depends on a definition of concretization which is tailored for branching-time model checking. We then study a simpler
linear completeness preorder for relating program abstractions. We show that LTL GMC with this weaker preorder is only EXPSPACE-complete in the size of
the formula, and can be solved in linear time and logarithmic space in the size of the model. Finally, we identify classes
of formulas for which the model complexity of standard GMC is reduced. 相似文献
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane proteins able to connect cells with the micro-environment. They represent a family of receptors involved in almost all the hallmarks of cancer. Integrins recognizing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide in their natural extracellular matrix ligands have been particularly investigated as tumoral therapeutic targets. In the last 30 years, intense research has been dedicated to designing specific RGD-like ligands able to discriminate selectively the different RGD-recognizing integrins. Chemists′ efforts have led to the proposition of modified peptide or peptidomimetic libraries to be used for tumor targeting and/or tumor imaging. Here we review, from the biological point of view, the rationale underlying the need to clearly delineate each RGD-integrin subtype by selective tools. We describe the complex roles of RGD-integrins (mainly the most studied αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins) in tumors, the steps towards selective ligands and the current usefulness of such ligands. Although the impact of integrins in cancer is well acknowledged, the biological characteristics of each integrin subtype in a specific tumor are far from being completely resolved. Selective ligands might help us to reconsider integrins as therapeutic targets in specific clinical settings. 相似文献
The adduct of zeolites in intumescent formulations of thermoplastic polymers (additives: ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol) leads to a great improvement in their fire retardant performance. A classification of different groups (A, X, Y, Mordenite and ZSM-5) is presented. The influence of the physicochemical properties of the zeolites is discussed. TG analyses reveal that the zeolite may act as a catalyst for the development of the intumescent carbonaceous material and stabilize the carbonaceous residue resulting in the degradation of the intumescent shield. Characterized by MAS-NMR 27Al and 29Si, it is proposed that alumino- and silicophosphate species formed are catalysts active for the synthesis of a protective carbon-based material. 相似文献
Chiral rhodium(I) complexes bearing monophosphite ligands, prepared from chiral Binol and (L )‐menthol, were found to be efficient catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of β‐acylamino acrylates with ee values up to 94%. 相似文献
Two novel cationic RAFT agents, PCDBAB and DCTBAB, were anchored onto MMT clay to yield RAFT‐MMT clays. The RAFT‐MMT clays were then dispersed in styrene where thermal self‐initiation polymerization of styrene to give rise to exfoliated PS/clay nanocomposites occurred. The RAFT agents anchored onto the clay layers successfully controlled the polymerization process resulting in controlled molecular masses and narrow polydispersity indices. The nanocomposites prepared showed enhanced thermal stability, which was a function of the clay loading, clay morphology, and slightly on molecular mass.