金属沾污对超薄栅氧(2. 5nm)特性的影响

采用可控的金属沾污程序 ,最大金属表面浓度控制在 10 1 2 cm- 2数量级 ,来模拟清洗工艺最大可能金属沾污表面浓度 .利用斜坡电流应力和栅注入方式测量本征电荷击穿来评估超薄栅氧特性和金属沾污效应 .研究了金属锆和钽沾污对超薄栅氧完整性的影响 .实验结果表明金属锆沾污对超薄栅氧完整性具有最严重危害 ;金属钽沾污的栅氧发生早期击穿现象 ,而金属铝沾污对超薄栅氧完整性没有明显影响 .     

Analysis and Test of Resistive-Open Defects in SRAM Pre-Charge Circuits

In this paper, we present an exhaustive study on the influence of resistive-open defects in pre-charge circuits of SRAM memories. In SRAM memories, the pre-charge circuits operate the pre-charge and equalization at a certain voltage level, in general Vdd, of all the couples of bit lines of the memory array. This action is essential in order to ensure correct read operations. We have analyzed the impact of resistive-opens placed in different locations of these circuits. Each defect studied in this paper disturbs the pre-charge circuit in a different way and for different resistive ranges, but the produced effect on the normal memory action is always the perturbation of the read operations. This faulty behavior can be modeled by Un-Restored Write Faults (URWFs) and Un-Restored Read Faults (URRFs), because there is an incorrect pre-charge/equalization of the bit lines after a write or read operation that disturbs the following read operation. In the last part of the paper, we demonstrate that the test of URWFs is more effective in terms of resistive defect detection than that of URRFs and we list the necessary test conditions to detect them.

A dynamical model for generating synthetic electrocardiogram signals

A dynamical model based on three coupled ordinary differential equations is introduced which is capable of generating realistic synthetic electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The operator can specify the mean and standard deviation of the heart rate, the morphology of the PQRST cycle, and the power spectrum of the RR tachogram. In particular, both respiratory sinus arrhythmia at the high frequencies (HFs) and Mayer waves at the low frequencies (LFs) together with the LF/HF ratio are incorporated in the model. Much of the beat-to-beat variation in morphology and timing of the human ECG, including QT dispersion and R-peak amplitude modulation are shown to result. This model may be employed to assess biomedical signal processing techniques which are used to compute clinical statistics from the ECG.     

Beyond Cognitive Framing Processes: Anger Mediates the Effects of Responsibility Framing on the Preference for Punitive Measures

A new stream of research indicates that framing effects are based on emotional as well as cognitive processes. However, it is not entirely clear whether emotions mediate framing effects and what the moderators of emotional mediation processes are. To address these questions, we conducted an experiment in which the framing of responsibility for a social problem was manipulated (ambivalent vs. high‐responsibility frame). We find that the high‐responsibility frame increased the preference for punitive measures by increasing responsibility beliefs and eliciting anger. Furthermore, we find that trait anger moderates the framing effect on anger and that responsibility beliefs are positively associated with anger intensity. The significance of these findings for framing research and suggestions for future studies are discussed.     

Theoretical analysis of a fractal surface radiation

We compare, in this paper, the far field radiated by two fractal distributions of current. The first one is obtained by a fractal cut following the Cantor arrangement, the second one keeps the length of each previous current element, but modifies the distance between the elements which is now taken as a constant. We establish the analytical formulations of the far field at any step n of the Cantor set. Then, we extract the array factor and we analyse and compare the following properties : convergence of the radiation pattern, wide of the main lobe, side lobes level and directivity.     

Hardware Implementation of a Fixed-Point Decoder for Low-Density Lattice Codes

Journal of Signal Processing Systems - This paper describes a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of a fixed-point low-density lattice code (LDLC) decoder where the Gaussian mixture...     

Modeling and Simulation for Transient Thermal Analyses Using a Voltage-in-Current Latency Insertion Method

This article presents a modeling and simulation method for transient thermal analyses of integrated circuits(ICs) using the original and voltage-in-current(VinC) latency insertion method(LIM). LIM-based algorithms are a set of fast transient simulation methods that solve electrical circuits in a leapfrog updating manner without relying on large matrix operations used in conventional Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis(SPICE)-based methods which can significantly slow down the sol...     

Optimisation de ľefficacité de couplage entre un guide ďonde confiné et une fibre optique monomode par ľintermédiaire ďune lentille boule

Theoretical coupling efficiency between a channel waveguide and a single-mode optical fibre using a ball lens is optimized by varying the parameters of the optical system such as the relative position of the components, the refractive index and the size of the lens. A specific software has been used for the optimization. Numerical calculations have been done under the Gaussian approximation of the fields distributions. The losses due to waveguides misalignments with respect to their ideal position have been evaluated. All these theoretical results are compared with those obtained from buttcoupling.     

A low-power readout circuit for nanowire based hydrogen sensor

This paper presents a fully integrated lock-in amplifier intended for nanowire gas sensing. The nanowire will change its conductivity according to the concentration of an absorbing gas. To ensure an accurate nanowire impedance measurement, a lock-in technique is implemented to attenuate the low frequency noise and offset by synchronous demodulation or phase-sensitive detection (PSD). The dual-channel lock-in amplifier also provides both resistive and capacitive information of the nanowire in separate channels. Measurement results of test resistors and capacitors show a 2% resolution in the resistance range 10-40 kΩ and a 3% resolution in the capacitance range 0.5-1.8 nF. Moreover, a 28.7-32.1 kΩ impedance variation was measured through the lock-in amplifier for a single palladium nanowire that was exposed to a decreasing hydrogen concentration (10% H₂ in N₂ to air). The chip has been implemented with UMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 2 mm². The power consumption of the readout circuit is 2 mW from a 1.8 V supply.