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71.
Eric?ZimmerlingEmail author Patrick?J.?H?flinger Philipp G.?Sandner Isabell M.?Welpe 《Information Systems Frontiers》2016,18(6):1063-1084
This study develops a system framework and an enterprise IT solution for integrating gamification elements to efficiently implement and continuously perform Cost Engineering. Cost Engineering is a systematic approach to manage knowledge and competencies regarding costs reduction measures throughout the life cycle of products and is technology, resource and time intensive. Gamification as a non-monetary multidimensional incentive system holds great potential to implement and establish Cost Engineering in a novel and less resource demanding manner and stipulate knowledge sharing and dissemination. Building on a review of the relevant literature we conducted 20 interviews with experts from eight companies of the German and Austrian high-tech manufacturing industry to examine the system requirements from an organizational perspective. Analyzing the interviews, we found that companies need a flexible platform where the game elements help to align management objectives with concrete tasks, meet legislative regulations and have different evaluation methods. Our proposed system framework combines the organizational and IT requirements with gamification elements to efficiently steer Cost Engineering methods and best manage knowledge and competencies. 相似文献
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74.
Maeda N Wells D Becker NC Hartley PG Wilson PW Haymet AD Kozielski KA 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(6):065109
Nucleation in a supercooled or a supersaturated medium is a stochastic event, and hence statistical analyses are required for the understanding and prediction of such events. The development of reliable statistical methods for quantifying nucleation probability is highly desirable for applications where control of nucleation is required. The nucleation of gas hydrates in supercooled conditions is one such application. We describe the design and development of a high pressure automated lag time apparatus (HP-ALTA) for the statistical study of gas hydrate nucleation and growth at elevated gas pressures. The apparatus allows a small volume (≈150 μl) of water to be cooled at a controlled rate in a pressurized gas atmosphere, and the temperature of gas hydrate nucleation, T(f), to be detected. The instrument then raises the sample temperature under controlled conditions to facilitate dissociation of the gas hydrate before repeating the cooling-nucleation cycle again. This process of forming and dissociating gas hydrates can be automatically repeated for a statistically significant (>100) number of nucleation events. The HP-ALTA can be operated in two modes, one for the detection of hydrate in the bulk of the sample, under a stirring action, and the other for the detection of the formation of hydrate films across the water-gas interface of a quiescent sample. The technique can be applied to the study of several parameters, such as gas pressure, cooling rate and gas composition, on the gas hydrate nucleation probability distribution for supercooled water samples. 相似文献
75.
Bonenfant D Bourgeois FR Mimeault M Monette F Niquette P Hausler R 《Water science and technology》2011,63(12):2827-2832
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD)-based polymers functionalized with two types of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), the alkaquat DMB-451 (N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride) (DMD-451) named polymer DMB-451, and FMB 1210-8 (a blend of 32 w% N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride and 48 w% of didecyldimethylammonium chloride) named polymer FMB 1210-8, were synthethized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of these polymers against Eschericia coli were also evaluated at 25 degrees C in wastewater. The results have indicated that the polymer FMB 1210-8 possesses a high-affinity binding with bacterial cells that induces a rapid disinfection process. Moreover, in the same experimental conditions of disinfection (mixture of 1.0 g of polymer and 100 mL of wastewater), the polymer FMB 1210-8 has a higher antimicrobial efficiency (99.90%) than polymer DMB-451 (92.8%). This phenomenon might be associated to a stronger interaction with bacterial cells due to stronger binding affinity for E. coli cells and greater killing efficiency of the C10 alkyl chains QAC of polymer FMB 1210-8 to disrupt the bacterial cell membrane as compared to N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride. Together, these results suggest that the polymer FMB 1210-8 could constitute a good disinfectant against Escherichia coli, which could be advantageously used in wastewater treatments due to the low toxicity of beta-CD and CMC, and moderated toxicity of FMB 1210-8 to human and environment. 相似文献
76.
Roberto D. Ponce Felipe Vásquez Alejandra Stehr Patrick Debels Carlos Orihuela 《Water Resources Management》2011,25(10):2449-2466
This paper presents a contingent valuation study concerning landscape impacts generated by the construction of one dam (Baker
1) of the HIDROAYSEN hydropower project located in the Chilean Patagonia. A survey was used to collect information about citizens’
opinions towards the hydropower project in four major cities in Chile. Specifically, a One-and-One-Half-Bound (OOHB) willingness
to pay eliciting format was applied to capture citizens’ WTP. The economic loss, associated to the landscape impacts for people
living in urban areas of the country, is found to be approximately US$ 205 million, which is nearly 28% of the total investment.
Our results also show that the cities’ distance from the dam affects citizens’ willingness to pay. 相似文献
77.
Arnaud Hubaux Patrick Heymans Pierre-Yves Schobbens Dirk Deridder Ebrahim Khalil Abbasi 《Software and Systems Modeling》2013,12(3):641-663
Feature diagrams have become commonplace in software product line engineering as a means to document variability early in the life cycle. Over the years, their application has also been extended to assist stakeholders in the configuration of software products. However, existing feature-based configuration techniques offer little support for tailoring configuration views to the profiles of the various stakeholders. In this paper, we propose a lightweight, yet formal and flexible, mechanism to leverage multidimensional separation of concerns in feature-based configuration. We propose a technique to specify concerns in feature diagrams and to generate automatically concern-specific configuration views. Three alternative visualisations are proposed. Our contributions are motivated and illustrated through excerpts from a real web-based meeting management application which was also used for a preliminary evaluation. We also report on the progress made in the development of a tool supporting multi-view feature-based configuration. 相似文献
78.
Current software and systems engineering tools provide only basic trace features, and as a result users are often compelled to construct non-trivial traceability queries using generic query languages such as SQL. In this paper, we present an alternative approach which defines traceability strategies for a project using UML class diagrams and then constructs trace queries as constraints upon subsets of the model. The visual trace modeling language (VTML) allows users to model a broad range of trace queries while hiding underlying technical details and data structures. The viability and expressiveness of VTML for use in a real project are demonstrated through modeling a broadly representative set of queries for a web-based health-care system. It is then evaluated through an experiment with human users to assess the readability and writability of VTML queries in comparison to generic SQL queries. We found that users read and constructed traceability queries considerably faster using VTML than using SQL. Furthermore, visually constructed traceability queries were substantially more correct compared to the same queries constructed with SQL. 相似文献
79.
A comparison of broad versus deep auditory menu structures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this experiment was to gain a greater understanding of the utilization of working memory when interacting with a speech-enabled interactive voice response (IVR) system. BACKGROUND: A widely promoted guideline advises limiting IVR menus to five or fewer items because of constraints of the human memory system, commonly citing Miller's (1956) paper. The authors argue that Miller's paper does not, in fact, support this guideline. Furthermore, applying modern theories of working memory leads to the opposite conclusion--that reducing menu length by creating a deeper structure is actually more demanding of users' working memories and leads to poorer performance and satisfaction. METHOD: Participants took a working memory capacity test and then attempted to complete a series of e-mail tasks using one of two IVR designs (functionally equivalent, but one with a broad menu structure and the other with a deep structure). RESULTS: Users of the broad-structure IVR performed better and were more satisfied than users of the deep-structure IVR. Furthermore, this effect was more pronounced for those with low working memory capacity. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that creating a deeper structure is more demanding of working memory resource than the alternative of longer, shallower menus. APPLICATION: This experiment has important practical implications for all systems with auditory menus (particularly IVRs) because it provides empirical evidence refuting a widely promoted design practice. 相似文献
80.
The overproduce-and-choose strategy, which is divided into the overproduction and selection phases, has traditionally focused on finding the most accurate subset of classifiers at the selection phase, and using it to predict the class of all the samples in the test data set. It is therefore, a static classifier ensemble selection strategy. In this paper, we propose a dynamic overproduce-and-choose strategy which combines optimization and dynamic selection in a two-level selection phase to allow the selection of the most confident subset of classifiers to label each test sample individually. The optimization level is intended to generate a population of highly accurate candidate classifier ensembles, while the dynamic selection level applies measures of confidence to reveal the candidate ensemble with the highest degree of confidence in the current decision. Experimental results conducted to compare the proposed method to a static overproduce-and-choose strategy and a classical dynamic classifier selection approach demonstrate that our method outperforms both these selection-based methods, and is also more efficient in terms of performance than combining the decisions of all classifiers in the initial pool. 相似文献