Cross-validiation of the Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile in stroke patients.

Internal stability and discriminant validity of the Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile (L. Nelson et al, 1989) were examined in samples of 70 stroke patients and 88 elderly controls. The test is designed to yield indices of premorbid (before-item subset) and present (now-item subset) levels of emotional functioning in each of 5 scales. With coefficient alphas ranging from .76 to .87, results indicated moderate to high internal stability. The test was also able to reliably distinguish between the criterion stroke sample (n?=?42) and a matched group of elderly controls in terms of present levels of emotional functioning (2 wks poststroke). When discriminant validity was examined in terms of premorbid emotional status (before-item subset), group differences were unexpectedly obtained. Clinical and research implications of these results are discussed, noting the possibility of early, noncognitive correlates preceding stroke. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Selectors Make Set-Based Analysis Too Hard

A set-based program analysis establishes constraints between sets of abstract values for all expressions in a program. Solving the system of constraints produces a conservative approximation to the program's runtime flow of values. Some practical set-based analyses use explicit selectors to extract the relevant values from an approximation set. For example, if the analysis needs to determine the possible return values of a procedure, it uses the appropriate selector to extract the relevant component from the abstract representation of the procedure. In this paper, we show that this selector-based approach complicates the constraint solving phase of the analysis too much and thus fails to scale up to realistic programming languages. We demonstrate this claim with a full-fledged value flow analysis for case-lambda, a multi-branched version of lambda. We show how both the theoretical underpinnings and the practical implementation become too complex. In response, we present a variant of set-based closure analysis that computes equivalent results in a much more efficient manner.     

The modern face of prejudice and structural features that moderate the effect of cooperation on affect

Facial muscle activity and self-reports were examined for racial bias in 3 studies. In the first 2 experiments, While participants imagined cooperating with a Black or White partner. Experiment 1 manipulated reward structure in the context of cooperating with a deficient partner. Experiment 2 manipulated partner deficiency and willingness to expend compensatory effort. On both facial EMG and self-report measures, joint rewards produced more negative affect than independent rewards. However, all partners were liked more when they were willing to try to compensate for their deficits. In addition, more liking was reported for Black partners, but EMG activity indicated bias against Blacks. Experiment 3 investigated individual differences in prejudice. Again, a greater preference for Blacks than Whites occurred on self-report measures, but in their facial muscle activity, high-prejudiced participants exhibited bias against Blacks.     

Conifers and commemoration — the politics and protocol of planting

This study examines the symbolic role of trees, shrubs and flowers on 20th century battle grounds and military cemeteries. By focusing on the imagery of commemoration and on the power of horticultural symbols the paper explores the emergence of an iconography during wartime and its perpetuation in ritualized peacetime landscapes. The paper makes specific reference to the Western Front in France and Belgium, and to the consecrated ground of the Dardanelles peninsula — a commemorative terrain that is being altered by Turkish planting and memorial schemes that are bringing into sharp focus the problems of maintaining Christian burial grounds in perpetuity across the globe. The paper concludes by asking whether tree planting may have replaced memorial building in the rhetoric and culture of commemoration.     

Reading and skimming from computer screens and books: the paperless office revisited?

Past research has demonstrated that reading efficiency is lower from the standard computer displays of the 1980s than from paper. In the present experiments, subjects read or skimmed stories, sometimes from a high-quality CRT (cathode ray tube) and sometimes from a book. Skimming was 41% slower from the CRTs than from the book. Possible reasons for this finding are discussed. Reading speed and comprehension were equivalent for the high-quality CRTs and the book. The paperless office may be imminent after all.     

Influence of cage design on precision of tube-trap bioassay for attractants of the onion fly,Delia antiqua

Responses of onion flies,Delia antiqua, to known attractants were measured in the laboratory with a novel tube-trap bioassay. The relative numbers of flies caught in tube traps baited with enzymatic yeast hydrolysate, brewer's yeast, andn-dipropyl disulfide were similar to those obtained previously with cone traps in the field. Changing the shape of the bioassay cage from a cuboid to a cylinder decreased the experimental error obtained from analysis of variance, as did rotating the floor of the circular cage. This bioassay should be useful in evaluating attractants for other insects that orient along the substrate.Diptera: Anthomyiidae.Paper No. 11327 of the Michigan State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Received for publication June 8, 1984.     

Functional polymers

Summary Polymeric antioxidants prepared from 2,6-di-tertiary-butyl-4-vinyl (4-lsopropenyl)phenol and butadiene or isoprene, and their hydrogenated products (6-8 mol % of phenolic AO in the polymer) were tested by oxygen uptake studies for their effectiveness as antioxidants for polyolefins and polydienes. The polymeric antioxidants seem to be slightly less effective in short-term protection against oxidation at 150° C as compared to low molecular weight antioxidants, but more effective in long-term protection of the polymer samples at a level of 0.1 weight percent.Part 43: P. Grosso, O. Vogl: J. Macromol. Sci. Chem., in pressNow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48674, USATo whom all correspondence should be addressed: Herman F. Mark Professor of Polymer Science, Polytechnic Institute of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA