几种钢材表面的少酸化除鳞设备

长期以来多采用酸洗技术对热轧板、卷和浸镀件等表面进行除鳞处理,这一方面会降低产品的表面质量和性能;另一方面会对操作人员和设备造成损害且污染环境。随着国家对环境保护的重视,国内外均对除鳞工艺进行了研究,探索最新的技术和工艺。综合以往的研究,介绍了几种钢材表面的少酸除鳞技术,以及SCS、EPS、GSPS无酸除鳞技术,指出除鳞工艺的发展方向为少酸或无酸的机械式处理工艺和以磷酸代替盐酸的新工艺。     

配焦粉炼焦的焦炭冷、热态性能研究

配加焦粉炼焦的焦粉细度、配量对焦炭质量，尤其焦炭的热态性能的影响，进行了试验分析，明确了焦粉细度和配量的变化对焦炭质量的影响趋势，更好的指导配焦粉炼焦的生产。     

Effect of the Degree of Phosphorylation on the Crystallinity of Native Potato Starch

X-ray diffraction technique, combined with digital image processing was used to compare the crystallinity of native starch from a number of potato varieties, differing in the degree of phosphorylation. The crystallinity was found to decrease linearily with an increased degree of phosphorylation. Based on earlier observations of the gelatinization enthalpies, it was assumed that the C-6 phosphates, which have an orientation out of the α-helices disturb the crystallization of the amylopectin during the starch synthesis. The C-3 phosphates, which are located in the interior parts of the α-helices, are not believed to interfere with the crystal structure.     

基于CISC/RISC混合架构的嵌入式MCU设计

CISC与RISC是目前微控制器（MCU）设计的两种主要指令体系。从MCU的架构原理入手分析基于这两种指令体系的MCU的各自功能特点,说明对于不同应用系统所需的嵌入式MCU设计所要考虑的基本问题及关键模块的设计方法。最后,以一款自主设计的八位MCU与CISC型微控制器MCS51、RISC型微控制器PIC16C54的性能作比较,说明基于CISC/RISC混合架构的MCU的一些性能优势。     

Interactions of polymers and organic admixtures on portland cement hydration

Interaction of polymers and other organic admixtures on Portland cement hydration is reviewed. This has been compiled in a systematic way. First hydration of Portland cement is described in short. Later, interaction with 4 important components of Portland cement is discussed. Finally interphase effects in polymer modified hydraulic cement are discussed. It is concluded that polymers and organic admixtures interact with the components of Portland cement when they come in contact with water. This interaction is due to ionic binding, causing cross-links which inhibit the film formation property of polymers and influence considerably the crystallisation process during the hardening of concrete. Some low molecular weight organic substances also have a considerable influence on Portland cement during its reaction with water.     

Variation in fatty acid composition of the different acyl lipids in seed oils from fourSesamum species

Seeds from different collections of cultivatedSesamum indicum Linn. and three related wild species [specifically,S. alatum Thonn.,S. radiatum Schum and Thonn. andS. angustifolium (Oliv.) Engl.] were studied for their oil content and fatty acid composition of the total lipids. The wild seeds contained less oil (ca. 30%) than the cultivated seeds (ca. 50%). Lipids from all four species were comparable in their total fatty acid composition, with palmitic (8.2–12.7%), stearic (5.6–9.1%), oleic (33.4–46.9%) and linoleic acid (33.2–48.4%) as the major acids. The total lipids from selected samples were fractionated by thin-layer chromatography into five fractions: triacylglycerols (TAG; 80.3–88.9%), diacylglycerols (DAG; 6.5–10.4%), free fatty acids (FFA; 1.2–5.1%), polar lipids (PL; 2.3–3.5%) and steryl esters (SE; 0.3–0.6%). Compared to the TAG, the four other fractions (viz, DAG, FFA, PL and SE) were generally characterized by higher percentages of saturated acids, notably palmitic and stearic acids, and lower percentages of linoleic and oleic acids in all species. Slightly higher percentages of long-chain fatty acids (20∶0, 20∶1, 22∶0 and 24∶0) were observed for lipid classes other than TAG in all four species. Based on the fatty acid composition of the total lipids and of the different acyl lipid classes, it seems thatS. radiatum andS. angustifolium are more related to each other than they are to the other two species.     

左旋麻黄素半生物合成研究Ⅲ.L-苯基乙酰基甲醇的提取技术

对固相生物合成的L PAC(左旋麻黄素前体 )提取技术进行了研究。结果表明 ,采用H型大孔吸附树脂从生物合成的反应产物中提取L PAC最佳。当样品液pH为 6左右、过柱流速为0 2～ 0 3BV/min、柱直径与树脂高度比为 1 5∶11,用质量分数为 70 %丙酮水溶液洗脱 ,该大孔吸附树脂对L PAC的动态吸附量为 6 1 6 9mg/g。洗脱的丙酮水溶液经减压浓缩 ,获油状L PAC粗品 ,其质量浓度不低于 0 2 4g/mL     

Effects of a titanate coupling agent on the mechanical and thermo‐physical properties of talc‐reinforced polyethylene compounds

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of a titanate coupling agent on the mechanical properties, moisture absorption, and thermal conductivity of talc‐filled high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). Talc (0–35 wt %) was used as reinforcement particulate filler in an HDPE matrix and samples were prepared in a micro‐compounder and an injection molding machine. Isopropyl tri(dioctyl)phosphate titanate (0.5 wt %) was used as coupling agent. Composites with and without coupling agent were evaluated for changes in mechanical and thermo‐physical properties, morphology, and void content. Addition of the titanate coupling agent most often resulted in an increase in stiffness and tensile strength. Furthermore, both the void content and the elongation at break of composites were reduced. Results also showed that the coupling agent had no effects on the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat capacity of the composites. In addition, it was observed that the coupling agent was more effective at low concentrations of filler. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40449.     

Characterization of activated sludge flocs by confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis

In this study we present a new approach to determine volumes, heterogeneity factors, and compositions of the bacterial population of activated sludge flocs by 3D confocal imaging. After staining the fresh flocs with fluorescein-isothiocyanate, 75 stacks of images (containing approx. 3000 flocs) were acquired with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The self-developed macro 3D volume and surface determination for the KS 400 software package combined the images of one stack to a 3D image and calculated the real floc volume and surface. We determined heterogeneity factors like the ratio of real floc surface to the surface of a sphere with the respective volume and the fractal dimension (D(f)). According to their significant influence on floc integrity and quality, we also investigated the chemical composition of flocs and quantified their bacterial population structure by using group-specific rRNA-targeted probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization. By a settling experiment we enriched flocs with poor settling properties and determined the above-mentioned parameters. This approach revealed shifts in floc volume, heterogeneity, and bacterial and chemical composition according to the settling quality of the flocs.