Efficient Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol Based on Route Stability in MANETs

International Journal of Wireless Information Networks - Nodes in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) communicate wirelessly without any dedicated infrastructure and administrative control. In MANETs,...     

Effect of Stabilized Ortho Silicic Acid on Pre and Post-Harvest Quality Attributes of Plant and Ratoon Sugarcane

Silicon - India is the second largest producer and consumer of sugar in the world. Lower cane yields coupled with post harvest losses are key factors limiting sustainability of Indian sugar...     

3-D Analytical Modeling of Triple Metal Tri-Gate Graded Channel High-k SON TFET for Improved Performance

Silicon - In this paper, three dimensional analytical paradigm for triple metal graded channel high-k silicon-on-nothing tunnel field effect transistor (TM-TG GC-High-k SON TFET) is deduced in...     

Interface Trap Charge Induced Threshold Voltage Modeling of WFE High-K SOI MOSFET

Silicon - The present endeavor attempts to develop an explicit threshold voltage model of linearly graded work function engineered Silicon-On-Insulator MOSFET considering the effects of localized...     

Structural and electrical properties of Ba(Sb<Subscript>1/2</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>1/2</Subscript>)O<Subscript>3</Subscript> ceramic

Lead-free perovskite Ba(Sb_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ was prepared by conventional ceramic fabrication technique at 1200 °C/5 h in air atmosphere. The crystal symmetry, space group and unit cell dimensions were determined from the experimental results using FullProf software whereas crystallite size and lattice strain were estimated from Williamson–Hall approach. XRD analysis of the compound indicated the formation of a single-phase monoclinic structure with the space group P2/m. EDAX and SEM studies were carried out to evaluate the quality and purity of the compound. Dielectric study revealed the frequency-dependent dielectric anomaly. To find a correlation between the response of the real system and idealized model circuit composed of discrete electrical components, the model fittings were presented using the impedance data. Complex impedance analyses suggested the dielectric relaxation to be of non-Debye type. The correlated barrier hopping model was employed to successfully explain the mechanism of charge transport in Ba(Sb_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃. The ac conductivity data were used to evaluate the density of states at Fermi level, minimum hopping length and apparent activation energy of the compound.     

Comparative Assessment of Trypsin Inhibitor vis-à-vis Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor and Bowman-Birk Inhibitor Activities in Soybean

Trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) in soybean is attributed to two polypeptides, namely, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI). Standard spectrophotometric protocol widely followed for estimation of TIA is cumbersome and does not distinguish KTI from BBI. In the present investigation, extraction conditions for KTI were optimized and different forms of this polypeptide were resolved in 180 soybean genotypes of Indian and exotic origin through native PAGE. This led to the identification of three KTI alleles, namely, Ti^a, Ti^b, and Ti^c, with Ti^a occurring in most of the Indian genotypes. Trypsin-KTI complex assay exhibited binding of Ti^a polypeptide with 2.51 fold concentration of trypsin. Subsequently, seeds of selected genotypes were subjected to estimation of KTI and BBI activity through densitometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively; and total TIA through standard spectrophotometric protocol. Summation of KTI and BBI was significantly (P?<?0.05) lower than that of TIA determined through the spectrophotometric method.     

Amelioration of nutritional properties of bakery fat using omega-3 fatty acid-rich edible oils: a review

Bakery products have gained prominence in modern diets due to their convenience and accessibility, often serving as staple meals across diverse regions. However, the fats used in these products are rich in saturated fatty acids and often comprise trans fatty acids, which are considered as a major biomarker for non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disorders, obesity and diabetes. Additionally, these fats lack the essential omega-3 fatty acids, which are widely known for their therapeutic benefits. They play a major role in lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. Thus, there is need for incorporating these essential fatty acids into bakery fats. Nevertheless, fortifying food products with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) poses several challenges due to their high susceptibility to oxidation. This oxidative deterioration leads to not only the formation of undesirable flavors, but also a loss of nutritional value in the final products. This review focuses on the development of healthier trans-fat-free bakery fat enriched with omega-3 fatty acids and its effect on the physicochemical, functional, sensory and nutritional properties of bakery fats and products. Further, the role of various technologies like physical blending, enzymatic interesterification and encapsulation to improve the stability of PUFA-rich bakery fat is discussed, where microencapsulation emerged as a novel and effective technology to enhance the stability and shelf life. By preventing deteriorative changes, microencapsulation ensures that the nutritional, physicochemical and sensory properties of food products remain intact. Novel modification methods like interesterification and microencapsulation used for developing PUFA-rich bakery fats have a potential to address the health risks occurring due to consumption of bakery fat having higher amount of saturated and trans fatty acids. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.     

Efficiency enhancement of organic light emitting diode via surface energy transfer between exciton and surface plasmon

Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with surface plasmon (SP) enhanced emission have been fabricated. Gold nanoclusters (GNCs) deposited using thermal evaporation technique has been used for localization of surface plasmons. Size of GNCs and distance of GNCs from the emissive layer have been optimized using steady state and time resolved photoluminescence (PL) results. 3.2 Times enhancement in PL intensity and 2.8 times enhancement in electroluminescence intensity of OLED have been obtained when GNCs of size 9.3 nm has been introduced at a distance of 5 nm from emissive layer. Distance dependence of energy transfer efficiency between exciton and SPs was found to be of 1/R⁴ type, which is typically the dependence for dipole-surface energy transfer.